• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.437-449
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• 2001

Purpose: To understand the development of nursing education of North Korea after 1945. Method: First, collecting primary sources published in NK. Second, collecting secondary sources published in South Korea. Third, interview with South Korean medical personnels who visited NK. Forth, interview with medical personnels who escaped NK. Result: After 1945 NK increased health care facilities in short time and had the policy of training medical personnel in short time. Nursing education was focused on the basic practice. NK could begin free medical treatment for the laborer in 1947. Post Korean War restoration and free medical treatment system of national level in 1950s and 1960s served to the health promotion of NK population. The medical personnel training policy continued and the number of R.N. in NK had increased 13 times in 15 years. NK has tried to increase the quality of health care service and medical personnel since 1970s. Nursing education in medical colleges is three-year course but 6 month training courses in general hospitals continue. They focus on primary prevention and oriental medicine in nursing curriculum reflecting the characteristics of NK medial care. But English and high technology is very poor, and there is no computer related curriculum. Conclusion: nursing education in NK has developed reflecting the changes of NK society and health care since 1945. After 1980s NK is in deep economic depression and it is hard to recover from the state with their hands. In this state, we cannot expect the development of nursing education in NK.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.279-308
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• 2011

Background : Demands have increased for a variety of welfare services and customized services for persons with disabilities(PWD). A management System focused on PWD was needed to provide for comprehensive services. The purpose of this study was to design a disability database and an application system in order to provide continuous and comprehensive rehabilitation service for PWD. Methods : We analyzed local and abroad disability-related policies and systems and derived the contents that should be included in the integrated database for PWD through a survey among rehabilitation specialists. Result : The integrated database for PWD was composed of 7 categories including General Characteristics, Health & Medicine, Assistance, Education, Employment, Economics and Daily & Social Life. The applicable system of integrated database for PWD was proposed to help conducting policies in such areas as follows ; 'welfare', 'education and culture', 'economic activity', 'social participation' and 'Health'. Conclusion : The main goal of disability policy and strategy should be established by systematically analyzing disability-related data integrating database of PWD. Accordingly, specific objectives and directions for disability policies should be set and efficiently managed and operated. The integrated database for PWD may be utilized for disability-related policies and service monitering, sustainable and integrated management and community participation and integration based on the rights of the disabled.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2012

Objectives: We assessed the feasibility of health coaching for health coaching program on metabolic syndrome. Methods: We developed a 6 month health coaching program on metabolic Syndrome. We recruited people with metabolic syndrome according to modified NCEP-ATP III. The participants were 9 men over 30 years of age who had taken a health screening at general hospital. We collected data such as demographics, BMI, body fat, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol blood sugar and triglyceride. The program was analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Participants showed significantly decreased BMI, weight, waist circumference, body fat after 6 month program. They talked the awareness about their own behavior. They changed into better for eating habits, physical activities, and self management. Their discipline increased and eating habits became regular. They were satisfied to this program and showed strong confidence about their own change. Conclusions: Coaching did not direct certain behavioral change but guided self awareness and practice. Health coaching program showed long maintained effect to participants. We suggested health coaching as a helpful individual program to intervene risky health behavior especially for metabolic Syndrome.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2021

Background: The reaction of nurses to the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) during the fourth industrial revolution era remains questionable. Understanding Florence Nightingale's achievements may provide valuable lessons that will be helpful to contemporary nurses. Aims: To understand Nightingale's nursing philosophy and methods and provide suggestions for future nursing practice, education, research, and health policy. Source of evidence: Literature. Discussion/Conclusion: Just as Nightingale captured the situation of her time and introduced latest scientific methods, modern nurses need to learn from Nightingale's drastic actions to meet social needs. Nursing can regain a solid humanistic foundation by returning to core values of nursing and humanities, while simultaneously adopting state-of-the-art technologies. Implications for Nursing Policy: AI-driven technologies will advance nursing services and provide greater human-centered and personalized care by eliminating iterative and labor-intensive tasks. Nursing educational policy should support the advancement of nursing curricula to develop AI competencies and specialists within the nursing field.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.91-103
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was designed to understand the association between sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors and channels retrieved for health information. Methods: Questionnaire survey was performed from April 2007 to May 2007 through household visiting. Sample was selected according to gender, household income, and residence district. We got 1,009 respondents and subgroups were as follows; 508 people had health insurance, 250 people were medical indigent group, and 251 people were medicaid beneficiaries. Results: People seemed to be separated into subgroups by channels used for health information. One was active and the other was passive group. Characteristics of passive group were older age, worker or inoccupation, less income, subjective poverty, lower education, loss of spouse, medical indigent or medicaid group. They usually got health information through mass media like TV and radio or medical professionals. Characteristics of active group were younger age, professional, more income, subjective affluence, higher education, single or married, and member of health insurance. They mainly got health information through printed media like newspaper or the Internet. Conclusion: We suggest to provide health information through various channels customed to individual needs and literacy. Public health stakeholders seems better to focus on people with low education, insufficient health literacy, poor health status, and short information technology.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2016

Objectives: Members of Korean Healthy Cities Partnership(KHCP) has increased rapidly since 2006 and adopted Active Living Environments(ALE) as common theme in 2015. Academic definition and categorization, needs assessment and operational planning for making active living environments were required from KHCP. Methods: Literatures review, survey to members of KHCP, specialist discussion and consultation with members of KHCP have been done from October of 2015 to February of 2016. Results: ALE included humane(social networks), physical and political resources. Three categories and 13 items for ALE were identified. Present actions among member cities were variable and especially immature in physical environments. Indicators for ALE were not secured stably. Requirements for policy and physical environmental approach and adolescent programme were high. Priority areas for education and technical assistance were master planning, guideline and case, program and policy development, partnership development, and networking among cities. Representative projects among member cities were somewhat different from ideal models. Conclusions: Policy and environmental approaches needs to be reinforeced systemically for members of KHCP including securing stable indicators. More education and technical assistance also needed sustainably.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.623-636
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• 2012

Health Belief Model is a socio-psychological theory of decision making to individual health-related behaviors. This study was aimed to develop an effective education program for hypertension based on health belief model. The main factors of health belief model were investigated by focus group interview (FGI) with 23 hypertensive or prehypertensive subjects aged over fifty years. 'Perceived susceptibility' to hypertension was family history, neglect of health care, preference for salty food, broth of soup and stew. Lifelong medication, complications, and medical costs were reported as 'perceived severity' of hypertension. 'Perceived benefits' of hypertension management were decrease of medicinal dose, reduction of medical costs, and healthy eating habits of the family, while 'perceived barriers' were lack of palatability of low salt diet, convenience-oriented dietary habits, and limited choice of foods when eating out. Subjects mentioned TV health programs, public health center programs, and advice from doctors and family as 'cues to action' of hypertension management. These qualitative information provided basis for developing a nutrition education program for hypertension which could be implemented in the public health center. Eight week program was composed of understanding hypertension, risk factor management (eating habits, weight), low salt diet (principles, cooking), advanced management for healthy diet in 2 sessions, and summary. Each session was designed to alert the susceptibility and severity, to emphasize the benefits, and to reduce the barriers by providing dietary monitoring, practical advice, and action tips.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify health promotion services in rural areas and factors influencing this service. Method: From March to April, 2007, a structured questionnaire on services in 2006 was used to collect data from community health practitioners in all of the Primary Health Care Posts (PHCP) in North Chungchong Province. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 Win program. Results: The most frequently offered programs were health gymnastics, walking exercise, bathing and vaccination service, and hypertension management. The main obstacles to these health services were lack of adequate space, insufficient budget, and overwork. The most frequently offered health education programs were education on hypertension, exercise, diabetes, volunteer work, and smoking cessation. The main obstacles to health education were lack of adequate space, insufficient education materials and equipment, and lack of cooperation from the citizens. Improvement and reinforcement of health promotion programs should include support of specialist, development of appropriate methods of service delivery, and education materials, and increase ease in using community resources. Conclusions: The research results show that a new model of health promotion must be developed for efficient health promotion programs in rural PHCP.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.29-45
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• 2006

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of stages of adoption in stomach cancer screening and elucidate differences among stages. Methods: A randomly selected sample of 712 Korean males and females aged 40 years or over were interviewed. Stomach cancer screening intention and behavior, sociodemographic characteristics, beliefs, self-efficacy and reinforcing characteristics were assessed. Results: The majority of participants were not on-schedule screening(unaware 3.2%, unengaged 20.8%, deciding about acting 24.0%, decided not to act 9.6%, decided to act 14.5%, acting 9.7%, maintenance 18.3%). Perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, other cancer screening experiences were significantly associated with higher compared to lower Precaution Adoption Process Model(PAPM) stages. Conclusions: This study appears to be applicable of the Precaution Adoption Process Model to understanding stomach cancer screening behavior. Our results suggest that it is needed to develop the tailored message for adherence of stomach cancer screening.