• 대한간호
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.49-69
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• 1997

The urgent needs to establish hospice care systems in Korea arise from the following reasons: 0) a drastic increase in chronically ill patients with the increase of aged population: (2) rapid changes in living environment from the traditional habitation (e. g., Many Koreans living in apartment complexes, which is the most popular form of modern residence in recent years, prefer to die in the hospital.): the overall increase in patients with advanced cancer: (4) recent trends in early discharge of terminally ill patients from the limited hospital facilities to accomodate other medical insurance beneficiaries; (5) easy acceptance of euthanasia owing to the recent social atmosphere that belittles the dignity of human life; (6) medical and nursing care of AIDS patient in terminal stage; (7) and the problem associated with inhumane medical care system, overtreatment, and groundless fears against narcotics. Terminally ill patients were used to be treated in the hospital in the past. In these days, however, they are forced to have home cares with little assistance from the qualified medical personnel because of insufficient hospital facilities, which are even short for the need of emergency patients and provide priority cares to medical insurance beneficiaries with other acute problems. And yet, neither are there any administrative organizations nor systematic medical studies that deal with the level of terminally ill patient's need, their family's problems and resources of hospice care systems in Korea. Thus, most patients are not able to get appropriate medical care at the terminal stage of their lives. The objective of this study is to make comprehensive database for various hospice care organization currently in operation, link them through medical information system, and develop an easily accessible hospice care model that meets the need of most Korean people. Our survey results may be summarized as follows: Nationally there are 40 organizations that provide partial or full hospice care. However, these organizations are not linked to any formal medical service network. Furthermore, the objective of hospice care, care principles, personnel with appropriate training, educational programs, standard for care, costs, consulting service to patients' family members, the extent of medical care from professional staff members, status of hospice facility, and management of those institutions are neither clearly defined nor organized compared to the international hospice care standards. The surveys on patients of terminal stage. grouped in hospice and non-hospice care patients. reveal what they want visiting nursing care to help their pain control. psychological. social and spiritual demands. While the more than 90% of hospice care patients want to reduce their pains. the non-hospice care patients. in addition to their desire for pain control. demanded more psychological. social and spiritual helps as well. The results of this research could be utilized to 0) define the standard of hospice care. (2) provide the guidance for hospice medical care costs. (3) establish the database of hospice care systems. (4) develop softwares. (5) build communication network through Medinet. and (6) provide an organized visiting home nursing care system. These information should be a valuable resource to many medical staffs who are involved in cancer therapy. nursing care. and social welfare programs.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2015

This study was conducted by extending Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) model in analyzing physician's observance behavior of National Health Insurance review standards. An extended TPB model was proposed by including 'background knowledge'and 'dorganizational commitment'in original model to predict physician's review standards observance behavior. Surveys for data collection were carried out on the physicians who were working in a general hospital, clinics, specialized hospitals, local medical centers and long term care hospitals located in Daegu and Kyoung-Buk province in Korea. Two hundreds twenty copies of questionnaires were distributed and 166 physicians responded. Data were analyzed using a structural equation model. The results show that an affirmative attitude and subjective norms have significant positive effects on physicians' behavior of observing review standards. However, the effect of perceived behavioral control on intention to behavior is not significant. The organizational commitment and background knowledge have a positive effect on the intention of observance of review standards. In conclusion, because physician's observance behaviors are affected by background knowledge and organizational commitment as well as attitudes, subjective norms, hospital managements should establish a communication system to share information on the review standards among physicians and provide appropriate measures to increase physician's organizational commitment.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.535-543
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• 2019

본 연구는 손상환자의 미충족의료 관련요인을 총괄적으로 조사·파악하여 미충족의료에 관련이 있는 요인을 제시하기 위하여 시행되었으며, 연구대상은 국민건강영양조사에 응답한 손상 환자 중 미충족의료 경험이 있는 2169명을 대상으로 시행하였다. 연구방법은 빈도 백분율, Chi-square test, 다중회귀분석을 사용하였고, 이는 SPSS/WIN 23.0 Program를 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 스트레스가 있을수록, 우울감을 느낄수록, 자살생각을 할수록 미충족의료와 관련이 있는 요인으로 나타났으며, 이는 향후 미충족의료가 발생하지 않도록 의료이용 제도를 개선하고 정책 결정을 하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.594-606
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• 2020

우울증에 대한 사회적 문제가 꾸준히 제기되는 것과 반대로 정신치료에 대한 부정적 인식 때문에 정신건강을 스스로 돌보는 이는 소수에 불과하다. 본 연구에서는 우울증을 방치하지 않도록 자동 감정인식 시스템을 도입한 애플리케이션의 서비스 디자인, 사용자 인터페이스 디자인을 제안한다. 먼저, 문헌 연구와 사례 분석을 통해 기존 앱의 사용성 개선사항을 도출하고, 청년을 대상으로 설문조사와 심층 인터뷰를 진행하여 우울증을 자각하지 못하고 있는 사용자에 대한 퍼소나를 제작하였다. 우울증 개선 서비스 디자인의 필수 요소로 다이어리 작성 권장, 아바타 관리를 통한 본인의 감정 상태 인지, 인지체계 개선을 위한 감정 포인트 추적기능을 제시한다. 본 제안을 통해 우울증의 발전을 방지하고, 우울증에 대한 인식변화와 경도 우울증을 스스로 해소할 수 있도록 돕고자 한다. 궁극적으로 정신건강 관리 애플리케이션 디자인의 필요성 확산과 정신치료를 위한 개인적, 사회적 비용을 낮출 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2022

Objectives: This longitudinal study was done to identify the relationship of school adjustment and sponsor support or future time perspective and the differences of these 3 variables between 1st and 2nd survey of children having Didimseed account in institutional care. Methods: Participants were 25 elementary fourth to sixth grade children who are living on one facility that located in G. metropolitan area at 1st survey and 2nd survey was done at five-year intervals. Data were collected from September 2012 to September 2017 and were analyzed using t-test, paired t-test, ANOVA, post-hoc test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The level of school adjustment knowledge was not different significantly according to grade, gender and admission period at 1st survey. At 2nd survey, the level of school adjustment was different significantly according to grade only. The level of school adjustment was associated with positive future time perspective(r=.74) and negative future time perspective(r=-.54) at 1st survey, and that was associated with negative future time perspective(r=-.49) and meeting frequency of sponsor(r=-.43) at 2nd survey. There were not significantly different school adjustment and future time perspective variables between both surveys. But meeting frequency of sponsor at 2nd survey was lower significantly than that at 1st survey. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it would be necessary to prepare the policies that could have their positive future time perspective to increase school adjustment of institutionalized children. Also the effective strategies to increase not only Didimseed account support but emotional support through qualified meeting with sponsors should be developed.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.229-244
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to do surveys of the state of health and dental health behaviors of higher grade students in elementary school and their mothers, to investigate the relationship of students' dental health, and to apply those results to the systematic and efficient dental health care. The subjects were totally 618 people, including 309 elementary school students in 4th, 5th, or 6th grades and their mothers in Pusan. The questionnaires were used as instruments, which were made by the researcher and related with other preceeding studies. The content validity of the instruments was tested by two professors of nursing. Dental checking were conducted by an expert of dental sanitation, according to the standard of the World Health Organization. The period of collecting data was 20 months from October 20th to December 20th in 2000 and the collected data were analyzed by SAS program and classified as the real number, the percentage, the mean, the standard deviation, t-test, and F-test. In conclusion, there is no significant correlation between grades and treated or treatment-needed permanent teeth. There is the highest significant correlation between treated or treatment-needed permanent teeth and students' dental health behaviors. There is high significant correlation between mothers' dental health behaviors and students' dental health behaviors. Also, There is significant correlation between mothers' state of dental health and students' state of dental health. From the results of this study, the students' dental health behaviors are the most important variables in the students' state of dental health. But both boys(9.48) and girls(9.97) get the low marks on the total mark 15 about brushing, which can be self-controlled. Therefore, the developments of dental health guidance in education about dental health by mothers or the educational courses in schools, such as brushing educations by the experts, dental health education, brushing after lunch, or the various equipments in brushing, should be accomplished. Above all, behavior-centered education should be conducted instead of knowledge-centered education.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2002

It has been 2 years since the implementation of the separation of prescription and drug dispensing policy. This study analyzes the effects of the policy on the job contents and personnel structure of hospital pharmacy. The main purposes of the analysis are to determine if the policy has causes the increase of professional activities of pharmacists in hospital and to investigate whether the hospital pharmacy is equipped with enough manpower to provide high quality pharmaceutical service as intended by the policy. The level of professionality of pharmacists' activities is measured by the number of activities of direct involvement in inpatient care such as participation in patient rounding, medication consultation, the number of hospital committee the pharmacists involved and the number of continuous education pharmacists took. The adequacy of personnel structure to provide high quality pharmaceutical care is measured by the level of compliance to the governmental standard of hospital pharmacy personnel. In order to collect the data, surveys were performed for two periods: year 1999 (before the implementation of the policy) and year 2001 (after the implementation of the policy). The results show that the pharmacists' participation in inpatient rounding decreased and that the inpatient medication history management activities, operation of ward pharmacy, participation in hospital committee increased. In personnel structure, the average number of pharmacist per hospital decreased and the number of prescription processing per pharmacist increased. Based on the results this study concludes that the professional activities of hospital pharmacists has increased a little and there were structural changes in hospital pharmacy service activities to increase the professionalism in providing care. However, the pharmacy departments were understaffed hampering the strive to increase the provision of professional pharmaceutical service in hospitals.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2018

본 연구는 주관적 구강건강상태와 구강건강행태 요인들의 기여도에 대한 사회경제적 변화를 조사하였다. 연구자료는 2015년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하였으며, 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하였다. 연구결과 주관적 구강건강상태는 사회경제적 수준이 낮은 경우에서 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 연관성은 인구사회학적 요인들과 구강건강행태를 보정했을 때 연관성은 증가하였다. 또한 각각의 구강 건강 행태요인들을 보정했을 때, 흡연, 칫솔질횟수, 구강위생용품사용, 그리고 구강검진은 사회경제적 구강건강상태의 많은 부분을 설명하였다. 주관적 구강불건강은 사회경제적 상태에서 비롯되지만 이런 차이는 구강건강행태 요인들에 따라 증가되었다. 따라서, 본 연구결과에서 주관적 구강건강상태에서의 사회경제적 불평등은 구강건강증진 행태에 따라 더욱 효과적으로 교정될 수 있음을 시사한다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2024

Objectives: Protecting people against financial hardship caused by illness stands as a fundamental obligation within healthcare systems and constitutes a pivotal component in achieving universal health coverage. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and determinants of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) in Iran, over the period of 2013 to 2019. Methods: Data were obtained from 7 annual national surveys conducted between 2013 and 2019 on the income and expenditures of Iranian households. The prevalence of CHE was determined using a threshold of 40% of household capacity to pay for healthcare. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants influencing CHE. Results: The prevalence of CHE increased from 3.60% in 2013 to 3.95% in 2019. In all the years analyzed, the extent of CHE occurrence among rural populations exceeded that of urban populations. Living in an urban area, having a higher wealth index, possessing health insurance coverage, and having employed family members, an employed household head, and a literate household head are all associated with a reduced likelihood of CHE (p<0.05). Conversely, the use of dental, outpatient, and inpatient care, and the presence of elderly members in the household, are associated with an increased probability of facing CHE (p<0.05). Conclusions: Throughout the study period, CHE consistently exceeded the 1% threshold designated in the national development plan. Continuous monitoring of CHE and its determinants at both household and health system levels is essential for the implementation of effective strategies aimed at enhancing financial protection.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.193-205
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to find the relationship between oral health conditions of elderly people and closures of public dental health clinics in rural areas. Methods: Oral examinations and surveys were conducted in 2011 from May 11 through November 4 on 383 seniors over 65-years and under 74 years old. Results: The results of this study were as follows: 1. The results of comparative analysis of the usage behaviors of health clinics of subjects in relation to the closures of public dental clinics within the area showed that the usage level and frequency of public health agencies in areas with public dental clinics were high, and that the trend of influence on personal oral health conditions and improvement in prevention was high. When compared to 3 years ago, there was an 11.6 percentage point reduction in areas without public dental clinics (24.4%) compared to areas with public dental clinics (12.8%). 2. The results of comparative analysis of the oral health conditions and behaviors of subjects in relation to the closures of public dental clinics showed that the level of dental caries was high in areas with no public dental clinics, and the number of toothbrush usage and oral health supplemental product usage were shown to be high in areas with public dental clinics. Conclusion: The closures of public dental clinics were found to affect oral health behavior and conditions of elderly people in rural areas.