• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한두경부종양학회 1994년도 제11차 학술대회 연제순서 및 초록집
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• pp.12.1-12.1
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• 1994

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.187-199
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• 1997

Thyroid carcinoma ranks low in incidence and as a cause of death when compared to carcinomas arising in the other site. With adequate surgical treatment, the prognosis of operable thyroid carcinoma is good. However, the extent of surgical resection in treatment of thyroid cancer remains still controversy. The aim of this study was to assess the results of thyroid cancer patients treated surgically and to analyze the prognostic factors affecting survival and to improve the survival rate. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of a total of 278 thyroid cancer patients treated surgically at Inje University Paik Hospital from 1980 to 1995 and followed for 1 to 16 years. There were man in 47 and woman in 231 patients with age range of 14 to 79 years(mean 42 years). Histopathologic findings were papillary carcinoma in 233, follicular carcinoma in 33, mixed carcinoma in 7, medullary carcinoma in 2, and undifferentiated carcinoma in 3 patients, respectively. Operative procedures were unilateral lobectomy in 111, subtotal thyroidectomy in 100, and total thyroidectomy in 67 patients. Central node dissection was performed in 92, modified neck disseciton in 62, radical neck dissection in 28, and no node dissection in 96 patients. Thyroid hormone was administered for the period of 3 to 5 years to suppress endogenous TSH production. Overall 5-year survival rate according to Kaplan-Meier method was 91.1%. Independently, significant factors affecting the prognosis were age at diagnosis, tumor size, pathologic type, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, angioinvasion, extrathyroidal extension, and 'risk' group category. but, the prognosis were not influenced by sex and capsular invasion. Patients at low risk or with small size carcinomas had long survival over 5 years with only lobectomy. Lymph node dissection was carried out with a limited type in no jugular metastasis, radical neck dissection was performed only therapeutically in proved jugular node metastasis. Fifteen patients were dead of tumor recurrence after surviving for three months to two and half years, and the cause of death was local recurrence in nine, bone metastasis in four and lung metastasis in two patients. In conclusion, more extensive surgery including total thyroidecotmy and systematic compartment-oriented dissection of the lymph node metastases in patient at high-risk group will results in better survival and lower recurrence rate.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.67-69
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• 2018

The development of office-based, unsedated transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) has proven to be a major technological advance and with time and experience the application of this technology is becoming more widespread. TNE has allowed otolaryngologists to perform a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in the office setting. Studies consistently demonstrate that the image quality and diagnostic capability of TNE is equivalent to conventional esophagoscopy. The modern TNE endoscopes offer high quality optics, air-insufflation, and irrigation capability through a 2-mm working channel, and the ability to perform biopsies and select procedures. In general, the role of TNE in the head and neck patient is three-fold : to screen for synchronous and metachronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ; to differentiate post-treatment changes/symptoms from malignancy ; and to perform certain office-based procedures. TNE offers many specific advantages to the head and neck patient that are not afforded by conventional esophagoscopy. Because of surgical and postirradiation changes, many HNSCC patients have trismus or neck stiffness preventing completion of conventional transoral esophagoscopy. Perhaps most importantly, TNE provides enhanced patient safety, increased tolerability, better practice efficiency, and cost savings. For these reasons, TNE has become a particularly useful tool in the otolaryngologist's armamentarium.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2021

Background/Objectives: To evaluate clinical significance of FDG PET-CT for detection of residual cancer cells after curative radiation therapy or chemoradiotherapy for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of Head and Neck Materials & Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with SCC of Head and neck with curative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherpy between June 2011 and Jan. 2019 was performed. Sixty patients were treated with Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The Metabolic responses were evaluated on the post-treatment FDG PET-CT at 12 weeks after curative radiotherapy completion. Results: Median follow up was 51.5 months (3-102). The overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), local control rate (LCR), and Distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) at 5 years were 80.5%, 80.1%, 87.7% and 89.1%. Metabolic CR was found in 43 (71.7%) and partial metabolic response (PR) was noted in 17 (14.6%). Metabolic CR was significantly correlated with OS, DFS, LCR, and DMFS. On multivariate analysis, Metabolic CR remained significant for DFS and LCR. Conclusion: Metabolic CR on post-radiotherapy FDG PET-CT is highly predictive of increased DFS and LCR in patients with head and neck cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2020

Purpose: The probability of recurrence of cancer after adjuvant or definitive radiotherapy in patients with human papillomavirus-negative (HPV(-)) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) varies for each patient. This study aimed to identify and validate radiation sensitivity signature (RSS) of patients with HPV(-) HNSCC to predict the recurrence of cancer after radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Clonogenic survival assays were performed to assess radiosensitivity in 14 HNSCC cell lines. We identified genes closely correlated with radiosensitivity and validated them in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The validated RSS were analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to identify canonical pathways, upstream regulators, diseases and functions, and gene networks related to radiosensitive genes in HPV(-) HNSCC. Results: The survival fraction of 14 HNSCC cell lines after exposure to 2 Gy of radiation ranged from 48% to 72%. Six genes were positively correlated and 35 genes were negatively correlated with radioresistance, respectively. RSS was validated in the HPV(-) TCGA HNSCC cohort (n = 203), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was found to be significantly lower in the radioresistant group than in the radiosensitive group (p = 0.035). Cell death and survival, cell-to-cell signaling, and cellular movement were significantly enriched in RSS, and RSSs were highly correlated with each other. Conclusion: We derived a HPV(-) HNSCC-specific RSS and validated it in an independent cohort. The outcome of adjuvant or definitive radiotherapy in HPV(-) patients with HNSCC can be predicted by analyzing their RSS, which might help in establishing a personalized therapeutic plan.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2018

Malignant lesion of the trachea predominantly results from direct spread of adjacent tumors, whereas primary tracheal malignancies are rarely observed. Tracheal tumors are usually diagnosed late on account of delayed specific symptoms: dyspnea, stridor, coughing and hemoptysis. Primary tracheal tumors, although very rare, may extend into the thyroid gland and present as a thyroid mass. Surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, is the treatment of choice. A case of primary tracheal cancer with thyroid invasion is reported, and a review of the literature is presented.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

연구 및 목적 : 이번 연구의 목적은 한국인에서 편도 편평세포암종의 발생에 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스(high risk human pap-illomavirus)의 역할 및 관여 인자에 대해 밝히고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 연구는 편도 편평상피세포암종으로 진단받은 54명을 대상으로 하였다. 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스의 감염을 알기위해 in situ hybridization 방법을 이용하였다. 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스의 감염과 나이, 성별, 흡연, 음주, 병기, 병리학적 특징 등과의 관계를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스의 양성율은 31.5%(17/54)였다. 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스 감염은 젊은 연령(50세 미만), 비흡연자, 림프절 전이와 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(각각 p=0.008, p=0.042, p=0.027). 하지만 성별, 음주, 원발부위 병기, 종양분화도, 피막외침범, 혈관 및 신경 침범과 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스와의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 6개월 이상 추적 관찰이 가능한 환자를 대상으로 조사한 5년 전체 생존율 및 질병 특이 생존율은 각각 60%와 62%였다. 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스의 양성율은 질병 특이 생존율과 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(p=0.019). 결 론 : 한국인의 고위험 인간유두종 바이러스 감염은 젊은 연령 및 비흡연자의 편도 편평세포암종의 발생에 관련이 있고 예후 인자로 중요한 역할을 한다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2001

Background and Objectives: Nitric oxide (NO) is generated in mammalian tissue by the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline. This reaction is catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). NO is an important bioactive agent and a signalling molecule that mediates a variety of biologic actions such as vasodilation, neurotransmission, host defense, and iron metabolism but increased NO production may also contribute to the pathogenesis of a various of disorders, including cancer. Before now, the role of NO in thyroid gland is still investigated and it was supposed that NO mediate the angiogenesis in tumor growth. Others journal and works identified the expression of iNOS that involve by neutrophil and eNOS that involve in part in the vascular remodeling and to understand the role of NO in human thyroid gland. But authors revealed only eNOS in thyroid neoplasm. iNOS was identifed by inflammation in fault. Materials and Methods: Western blot analysis was performed, using a polyclonal antibody against eNOS (Rabbit polyclonal IgG). Using the same antibody, the distribution of eNOS was examined in 15 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples by immunohistochemistry. By NADPH consumption rate, NOS activity was estimated at nodular hyperplasia. Results: Western blot analysis exhibited that eNOS was significantly elevated in thyroid papillary carcinoma, compared to that in nodular hyperplasia and normal tissue. Immunohistochemistry showed that the immunoreacitivity was present more significantly in thyroid follicular epithelial cell layer than vascular endothelial cell. NOS activity increased in nodular hyperplasia. Conclusions: Thyroid papillary cancer without neutrophil invasion expressed only eNOS. The endothelial localization of eNOS may play an important role in pathogenensis of human thyroid nodular hyperplasia and the follicular localization of thyroid papillary carcinomas.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

목적 : 국소 재발한 진행된 갑상선 유두암의 치료로 수술 후 외부방사선의 역할을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 원자력병원에서 2000년 1월부터 2012년 2월까지 사이버나이프 혹은 외부방사선 치료를 받은 수술과 방사선요오드 치료 후 국소 재발한 진행된 갑상선 유두암 환자 13 명을 대상으로 하였다. 경과관찰 기간 동안 국소 및 부위 재발이 발생환 환자는 6 명이었다. 몇몇의 위험인자를 찾기 위해서 Kaplan-Meier method와 log-rank test를 이용하여 성별, 종양단계, 방사선 치료 전 수술 횟수, 방사선요오드치료 횟수, 수술 후 잔존 암의 여부, 원격전이에 대해 단변량 분석하였다. 결과 : 방사선 치료 후 평균 추적관찰기관은 53.8개월(범위, 36 ~ 108개월)이고 그중 남자는 4 명이었다. 1년, 2년의 무진행 생존률은 각각 76.9와 53.8%였다. 단병량 분석은 성별과 잔존 암여부(p = 0.0475 and p = 0.0475, 각각)에 따라 무진행 생존률이 진행한 그룹과 진행하지 않은 그룹 사이에 유의한 차이가 있다는 것을 보여줬다. 결론 : 외부 방사선 치료 전에 잔존 암이 없었던 환자의 100%에서 국소 및 부위 재발이 일어나지 않았다. 외부방사선 치료는 수술과 방사선요오드 치료에 반응하지 않는 환자 중 수술 후 잔존 암이 없는 경우에 효과적인 치료 방법이 될 수 있다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2016

The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) protein kinase signaling is an important pathway in cancer development and recently reported that EGFR and its kinase domain molecules are mutated in various of cancers including head and neck cancer. Functional deregulation of EGFR due to mutations in coding exons and copy number amplification is the most common event in cancers, especially among receptor tyrosine kinases(TK). We have analyzed Korean oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) cell lines for mutations in EGFRTK. Exons encoding the hot-spot regions in the TK domain of EGFR (exons 17 to 23) were amplified by using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequenced directly. EGFR expression was also analyzed in 8 OSCC cell lines using western blotting. Data analysis of the EGFR exons 17 to 23 coding sequences did not show any mutations in the 8 OSCC cell lines that were analyzed. The absence of mutations indicate that protein overexpression might be responsible for activation rather than mutation.