• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.117-128
• /
• 2014

As the main cause of car accidents is driver distraction, HUD utilization is important to boost drivers' front-observing. Recently, As HUD includes a variety of contents products have appeared on market, the possibility increases cognitive load while driving. The purpose of this study is that currently being used HUD contents how much affect drivers while driving. To investigate about it, the experiment is examined cognitive aspect with utilization aspect of different gender and illuminance environment. The study provides, in accordance with the internal and external illuminance, the visibility make a difference. The gap between the internal and external illuminance is higher, the visibility is better. Also, this study confirms that HUD's awareness of contents depends on driving information. Drivers concentrate more on higher related driving contents than lower ones.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.290-296
• /
• 2019

Head-up displays for vehicles play an important role in displaying various information about the safety and convenience of driving on the windshield of the vehicle. In this study, ultra-precision machining was performed and evaluated as a method for machining a large-area aspheric free-form mirror that is applicable to augmented reality technology. Precision diamond cutting is highly accurate and suitable for the production of advanced parts with excellent surface integrity, low surface roughness, and low residual stress. By using an aspheric free-form mold, it is possible to improve the optical transfer function, reduce the distortion path, and realize a special image field curvature. To make such a mold, the diamond cutting method was used, and the result was evaluated using an aspherical shape-measuring machine. As a result, it was possible to the mold with shape accuracy (PV) below $1{\mu}m$ and surface roughness (Ra) below $0.02{\mu}m$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.07d
• /
• pp.2591-2593
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 차량거리 제어장치를 구성하는 능동적인 안전장치 개발의 도구로써 선진국에서 선박 및 항공기에 이미 상용화되고 있는 이른바 Head-up display(HUD)를 차량에 도입, 차량정보 Monitoring System을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 차량에 도입하고자 하는 HUD의 개념은 차량 운전자의 전면 대시 보드 상에 디스플레이를 위치시켜 운전자 전면의 도로시야와 차량정보를 동시에 획득하여 안전도 및 편의성을 높이고자 하는 것이다. 그러나 디스플레이 정보가 맺히는 상이 놓이는 위치 때문에 기존의 HUD는 외부의 밝은 광 아래에서 선명한 정보를 얻기가 매우 어렵다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 광제어 필름, 빔 스플리터 등을 이용해 결상면에 코팅처리를 하였으며, 좀 더 고성능의 광원을 확보하고, 미러부의 각도변경 및 LCD의 투과율을 증대하였다. 그 결과 기존의 제품 보다 매우 높은 시인성을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.195-206
• /
• 2013

The main causes of traffic accidents while driving a car is of the driver's visual distraction. In this study, the color sensitivity of the information projected on the windshield were evaluated for HUD (Head Up Display) system which helps the driver's eyes on the road while driving. The driving Information were projected $9^{\circ}$ downward from front sight $0^{\circ}$ under lab's fluorescent lights, LED floorlights and the TV had having 25 [lux] illumination when driving at night environment and 100,000 [lux] of daylight environment. Munsell color hue of the basic five colors (R, Y, G, B, P) and the color of traffic lights YR, W were the color of the seven characters, each character were outlined by White, Gray except for W. Total of 19 experimental stimuli was shown in the environment of day and night driving for asking visibility information of color, fatigue, preferences, and evaluate the degree of interference. The results came out that the bright Y and G color is visibility significantly for daylight. Second, with the outline of the text, the color of the outline works as a background for luminance contrast effects and affects visibility. Third, without the outline, the glass in front of the vehicle acts as the background and the luminance contrast of characters achieve greater brightness and visibility. The luminance contrast between the stimuli and background should be considered for increasing color visibility for driving information which is an important factor for HUD commercialization.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.399-405
• /
• 2016

Head-Up Display, an information-providing display, is a device that provides necessary information through a vehicle window for a driver when driving, with which the driver secures the visibility and acquires information necessary for driving. Head-up displays in early days were mostly installed in imported vehicles but increasingly, being installed in medium and large-sized domestic vehicles, they secures convenience of driving and information acquirement. The information display element of each of currently released brand cars not only has limits in consistency and in displaying interface but also reveals the limitation of a way to apply GUI, being applied to dot reflective form in terms of the technology type. Accordingly, this study draws real time information element described as necessary during driving through case survey and analysis, and aims to provide a user with new GUI guideline through transparent display technology recently developed based on results analyzed with priority of POI(Point of Interest) information.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2018

A change in object distance would generally change the magnification of an optical system. In this paper, we have proposed and designed a double-Gauss optical system with a fixed magnification and image surface regardless of any change in object distance, according to moving the lens groups a little bit to the front and rear of the stop, independently parallel to the direction of the optical axis. By maintaining a constant size of image formation in spite of various object-distance changes in a projection system such as a head-up display (HUD) or head-mounted display (HMD), we can prevent the field of view from changing while focusing in an HUD or HMD. Also, to check precisely the state of the wiring that connects semiconductor chips and IC circuit boards, we can keep the magnification of the optical system constant, even when the object distance changes due to vertical movement along the optical axis of a testing device. Additionally, if we use this double-Gauss optical system as a vision system in the testing process of lots of electronic boards in a manufacturing system, since we can systematically eliminate additional image processing for visual enhancement of image quality, we can dramatically reduce the testing time for a fast test process. Also, the Gaussian bracket method was used to find the moving distance of each group, to achieve the desired specifications and fix magnification and image surface simultaneously. After the initial design, the optimization of the optical system was performed using the Synopsys optical design software.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.120-127
• /
• 1999

We discussed two main types-conformal and non-conformal (powered) - of holographic combiner. A theoretical model based on the Kogelnik's coupled wave theory was used to illustrate bandwidth and efficiency properties. Also we showed numerical values for the aberrations that are induced by a wavelength shift from construction to reconstruction and found optimum coordinates to reduce the chrolatic aberation of construction beams using aberration balancing techniques. The holographic combiner manufactured in conformal type with 60$^{\circ}$ incidence angle at 514.5 nm had narrow angular bandwidth (FWHM) of 4.1" and spectral bandwidth of 11.4 nm, while non-conformal one with 50$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$ incidence angle at 514.5 nm showed spectral and angular bandwidth of 10.7 nm and 5.5$^{\circ}$, respectively.vely.

• Laser Solutions
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2014

Head up display is in increasing demand for advanced devices in the modern luxury vehicles. It helps drivers focus on driving environment on the road. While HUD technology with LED has advanced, the brightness in daylight can be still an issue to be resolved. Laser light source is a possible solution to overcome the brightness problem and optimal optics design is required for the best performance. Sample design of optics is proposed and detail procedure of lens design evaluation is presented in this paper. The results were characterized by using a ray tracing method and qualitative analysis for spot and DEE is also presented. The overall error or image distortion remained in the target range of $25{\mu}m$ and the simulated image demonstrated possible use in the automotive applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.9
• /
• pp.94-102
• /
• 2003

This paper describes the development and implementation for the SYMBOLGEN(SYMBOL GENerator) software. The SYMBOL-GEN software is for improving graphic processing speed and decreasing data communication load in ASC by genera ting and downloading off-line symbol file for HUD and MFD , which are the main display equipments in military aircraft. The SYMBOL-GEN is developed on PC using C++ language and MS Visual Studio 6.0 development tool. It is also designed to be modified and extended easily by introducing object-oriented software development technique.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.757-770
• /
• 2020

We propose a hand gesture recognition method that is compatible with a head-up display (HUD) including small processing resource. For fast link adaptation with HUD, it is necessary to rapidly process gesture recognition and send the minimum amount of driver hand gesture data from the wearable device. Therefore, we use a method that recognizes each hand gesture with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor based on revised correlation matching. The method of gesture recognition is executed by calculating the correlation between every axis of the acquired data set. By classifying pre-defined gesture values and actions, the proposed method enables rapid recognition. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of the algorithm, which can be implanted within wearable bands, requiring a minimal process load. The experimental results evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of our decomposed correlation matching method. Furthermore, we tested the proposed algorithm to confirm the effectiveness of the system using pre-defined gestures of specific motions with a wearable platform device. The experimental results validated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed hand gesture recognition system. Despite being based on a very simple concept, the proposed algorithm showed good performance in recognition accuracy.