• Applied Microscopy
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

인체 자궁암 세포 HeLa에 항암제 cisplatin (CDDP)과 산삼배양근 추출물(ETCMG)을 투여하여 세포 성장률, 형태, 전기영동에 의한 DNA fragmentation, 세포주기 분석을 통하여 apoptosis 유도를 확인하였다. ETCMG 2, 4, 6mg/mL, CDDP $4{\mu}g/mL$의 농도로 24시간 투여한 후 세포의 성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, ETCMG를 항암제로서 효과가 입증되어있는 CDDP와 복합투여하여 비교한 결과 apoptosis비율은 대조군에 비하여 ETCMG의 농도가 증가할수록 농도에 비례하여 현저히 증가하였고 (p<0.05), CDDP와 ETCMG를 복합투여한 경우에 ETCMG를 단독으로 투여한 경우 보다 apoptosis비율이 매우 높은것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 세포의 형태를 도립현미경과 투과전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 대조군은 세포의 정상적인 형태를 유지하고 있는 반면에 CDDP와 ETCMG를 각각 처리한 암세포는 세포의 성장이 현저히 억제되었고, 염색질의 응축과 apoptotic body가 관찰되었다. 세포의 성장억제가 apoptosis에 의한 것인지를 확인하고자 DNA를 분리하여 전기영동한 결과, HeLa 세포에서 ETCMG의 농도가 증가할수록 ladder가 뚜렷이 관찰되었고, CDDP를 복합 처리한 것 역시 ETCMG의 농도에 비례하여 ladder가 선명하게 나타났다. Flow cytometry (FC)에 의한 세포주기 분석 결과, ETCMG를 농도별로 처리한 경우에 apoptosis를 나타내는 Sub-$G_1$기의 양이 농도에 비례하여 증가하였고, 항암제인 CDDP와 복합 투여한 경우에 Sub-$G_1$기 DNA양이 눈에 띠게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 실험 결과를 종합하면, ETCMG는 인체 자궁암에서 항암효과를 가지고 있으며, 항암제 CDDP의 단독 투여보다는 ETCMG와 함께 사용하는 경우에 암 치료제로서의 상승효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-166
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate time of the phase, angle of the right ankle, knee, and hip joint, lateral angle of the trunk, mediolateral displacement of COM, and vertical displacement of COM between two groups while executing grand battement $jet{\acute{e}}$ $\acute{a}$ la seconde in a center exercise setting through 3D video analysis. The subjects participated in this study were skilled and unskilled 6 female ballet majors in Busan, respectively. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The time of the phase 2 was faster than P3. It shows a significant difference(p<.05) for P1 and P4 between skilled and unskilled groups 2. The angle of He right ankle joint has a significant difference(p<.05) at E4 between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right knee joint has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right hip joint has a significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 3. The lateral angle of the trunk has a significant difference(p<.05) at E1 and at E5 between skilled and unskilled groups. The skilled group of the lateral angle of the trunk was lower than the unskilled group. However the skilled group's lateral angle of the trunk was bigger than the unskilled group at E3. It has significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 4. The mediolateral displacement of COM has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The vertical displacement of COM has a significant difference(p<.01) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.880-885
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• 2002

중국에서 약용 및 음용식물로 사용되고 있는 여주 (Mo-mordica charantia L.)를 이용하여 추출, 분획한 후 항균, 항암 및 암예방 효과를 살펴보았다 여주의 MCU층을 제외한 모든 층에서 항균력을 보였으며 특히 Staphylococru aureus의 MCMEE층에서 가장 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다 실험에 사용한 각균에 대한 여주 분획물의 암세포 증식 억제 효과를 MTT assay로 실험한 결과, 3종의 인체 암세포 HepG2, HeLa 및 MCF극에서 모두 여주의 ethyleth-er 분획층인 MCMEE와 ethylacetate 분획층인 MCMEA 층에서 아주 높은 암세포 증식억제 효과를 나타내었다. HepG2세포를 이용하여 암예방 QR 유도 활성을 측정한 결과, 다른 분회층에 비해 비극성 용매층인 hexane 분획층 MCMH에서 아주 높은 QR 유도를 활성시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 실험 결과, 여주에는 식품 보존과 항균제로서의 개발가능성이 보이며. 항발암 효과를 보기위한 암세포 증식 억제 효과는 ethylether층 MCMEE과 ethylacetate층 MCMEA층에서 월등하였고, 비극성 용매층인 hexane 분획층에는 암발생을 예방하는 quinone reductase inducer가 있는 것으로 사료되며. 나아가 단계적인 생리활성 연구의 분리 동정이 계속 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2009

Toxoplasma gondii provokes rapid and sustained nuclear translocation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in HeLa cells. We observed activation of STAT6 as early as 2hr after infection with T. gondii by the nuclear translocation of fluorescence expressed from exogenously transfected pDsRed2-STAT6 plasmid and by the detection of phosphotyrosine-STAT6 in Western blot. STAT6 activation occurred only by infection with live tachyzoites but not by co-culture with killed tachyzoites or soluble T. gondii extracts. STAT6 phosphorylation was inhibited by small interfering RNA of STAT6 (siSTAT6). In view of the fact that STAT6 is a central mediator of IL-4 induced gene expression, activation of STAT6 by T. gondii infection resembles that infected host cells has been stimulated by IL-4 treatment. STAT1 was affected to increase the transcription and expression by the treatment of siSTAT6. STAT6 activation was not affected by any excess SOCS's whereas that with IL-4 was inhibited by SOCS-1 and SOCS-3. T. gondii infection induced Eotaxin-3 gene expression which was reduced by $IFN-{\gamma}$. These results demonstrate that T. gondii exploits host STAT6 to take away various harmful reactions by $IFN-{\gamma}$. This shows, for the first time, IL-4-like action by T. gondii infection modulates microbicidal action by $IFN-{\gamma}$ in infected cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2006

The present study including two experiments was designed to determine the effect of media containing different rare earth elements (REE) on proliferation and fatty acids accumulation in 3T3-L1 cell cultures. In Experiment 1, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in 96-well plates ($1.5{\times}10^4cells/ml$) were cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 h. Then the media were changed to the following 10 different media for 48 h: DMEM containing 10% FBS for the control; the above media containing $5{\mu}M$, $10{\mu}M$ or $15{\mu}M$ of $LaCl_3$, $CeCl_3$ or the mixture of these REE chlorides. The proliferation rate of the cells was measured and compared by a non-isotope method-XTT method. In Experiment 2 the cells in 24-well plates ($1.5{\times}10^4cells/ml$) were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS for 7 days until confluent and then were changed to above DMEM containing dexamethasone, methyl-isobutylxanthine and insulin (DMI) for two days. Afterwards the media were changed to the 10 different media with REE supplements as in Experiment 1 and cultured for 6 days. The cells were then harvested for fatty acids analysis by gas chromatography. It was found that supplementation of La (5, 10 and $15{\mu}M$), Ce ($5{\mu}M$ and $15{\mu}M$) and the mixture REE (5, 10 and $15{\mu}M$) stimulated (p<0.05) the proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (Experiment 1). In the differentiating 3T3-L1 cells supplementation of La ($5{\mu}M$ and $10{\mu}M$), Ce ($5{\mu}M$) and the mixture REE ($5{\mu}M$ and $15{\mu}M$) decreased (p<0.05) the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) per $10^5cells$, while the supplementation of La ($5{\mu}M$), Ce ($5{\mu}M$) and the mixture REE ($15{\mu}M$) increased (p<0.05) the ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFA) to MUFA. These results indicate that the supplementation of REE to the media may affect proliferation, differentiation and lipogenesis rates of 3T3-L1 cells. However, the effect may depend upon the level or type of REE applied.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.131-140
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• 1975

HeLa $S_3$ 細胞를 재료로 DNA 回復合成에 미치는 Methyl methanesulfonate(MMS)와 thymidine 相似體(BUdR, IUdR)의 이중효과를 농도와 시간변화에 따라 $^3 H$-thymidine 처리에 의한 自記放射法으로 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. MMS를 단독 처리한 경우 標識細胞의 빈도는 MMS의 농도 증가에 따라 증가한다. 이는 DNA 回復合成을 한 細胞의 빈도가 증가한 결과로 細胞當 Grain 數의 증가현상과 일치한다. 시간변화에 따른 DNA 回復合成은 MMS와 $^3 H$-thymidine 처리후 2$\\sim$3시간에 최대증가율을 보인다. 2. BUdR 또는 IUdR의 단독처리후 DNA 回復合成을 일으키지 않는다. 그러나 MMS와 이중 처리할 경우 標識細胞, DNA 回復合成細胞, 그리고 細胞當 Grain 數는 MMS 단독 처리한 경우보다 훨씬 증가한다. 따라서 이 두 물질은 MMS에 의한 DNA 回復合成을 효과적으로 증가시키는 感受性物質로 작용함이 판명되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate genetic toxicity of Cervi pantotrichum Cornu herbal acupuncture solution(CPCHA). Methods : In this study, a series of investigation have been carried out to analyze the effects of Cervi pantotrichum Cornu herball acupuncture solution(CPCHA) on colony forming ability of NIH3T3cells, Hela cells and adrenorectal coloncell for genetic toxicity test. Results and Conclusions : From the above results, it is suggested that Cervi pantotrichum Cornu herball acupuncture solution(CPCHA) was limited 0.5-10ug/ml by test. Cervi pantotrichum Cornu herball acupuncture solution(CPCHA) did not exert the protective role to the genetic toxicity in kinds of cell lines used in this study. From these results, Cervi pantotrichum Cornu herbal aqua-acupuncture solution needs further study to prove it's function in cell culture system.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.379-384
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• 1999

Taxol, a natural product with significant anti-tumor activity, stabilizes microtubules and arrests cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. It has been reported that taxol has additional effects on the cell such as an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins and activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. This phosphorylated kinase translocates into the nucleus and phosphorylates its substrate c-jun, c-fos, ATF2, and ATF3. The MAP kinase family is comprised of key regulatory proteins that control the cellular response to both proliferation and stress signals. First examination was cytotoxicity and apoptosis-induced concentration with paclitaxel in HeLa cell. A half-maximal inhibition of cell proliferation ($IC_{50}$) occurred at 13 nM paclitaxel. When DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, a nucleosomal ladder became evident 24 h after a taxol (50 nM) addition to the cells. In addition, an apoptotic body was detected by electron microscopy. Taxol-treated cells were arrested at the S phase at 10 nM. Treatment of 50 nM taxol activated the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1), and a fraction of the activated MAP kinases entered the nucleus. It was also discovered that nucleus substrates c-jun was phosphorylated and activated in the cell. The activated ERK1 could subsequently translocate into the nucleus and phosphorylate its substrate c-jun as well. This study suggests that taxol-induced apoptosis might be related with signal transduction via MAP kinases.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1978년도 학술대회지
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• pp.43-49
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• 1978

This study was devised to observe the cytotoxic activity of extracts of Panax ginseng root against some cancer cells and to purify the crude extract. Three kinds of cancer cells(leukemic cells L5178Y, HeLa cells and Sarcoma 180 cells) and mouse embryo cells (as normal cells) were used for this study. The ginseng roots were extracted with petroleum ether in soxhlet apparatus, and the crude extracts were purified by the silicic acid column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography methods. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Eight to ten mg of the petroleum ether extract (crude extract) were obtained from 1 g of Panax ginseng root, and its activities per mg were about 1,000 units. 2. Doubling time of the L5178Y cells was increased to two fold by 24 hours incubation in culture medium containing about one ${\mu}g$ of extract per ml, and eight and ten folds higher concentration of ginseng extract were required for the Sarcoma 180 cells and HeLa cells, respectively, than for the leukemic cells(L5178Y) to inhibit the cellular growth to the same degree. 3. When the L5178Y cells were exposed to medium containing various concentration of the extract for 24 hours before initiation of the soft agar cloning procedure, about $99\%$ of the L5178Y cells were killed at concentration of 8 units per ml. 4. The growth rate of mouse embryo cell (as normal cell) was not affected by the culture with media containing various amounts (1.45 to 30.0 ${\mu}g/ml$) of the extract. 5. The crude extract could be purified about four times by silicic acid column chromatography using several solvent systems, and one spot of active compound could be obtained on the thin-layer chromatogram. 6. In the Swiss mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180 cells, a survival time of the experimental group (injection group of active compound) was extended more. 1.5 to 2.0 times than the control group's(no injection group).

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2020

Objectives: Nowadays cancer treatment is an important challenge in the medical world that needs better therapies. Many active secretions produced by insects such as honey bees used to discover new anticancer drugs. Bee venom (BV) has a potent anti inflammatory, anti cancer and tumor effects. The aim of present study is evaluation of anticancer effects induced by Apis mellifera venom (AmV) on cell Lines. Methods: AmV was selected for study on cancer cell lines. Total protein, molecular weight and LD50 of crude venom were determined. Then, cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics. The A549, HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cell Lines were exposed by different concentration of AmV. The morphology of cells was determined and cell viability was studed by MTT assay. Evaluation of cell death was determined by and DNA fragmentation. Results: The results from MTT assay showed that 3.125 ㎍/mL of A549, 12.5 for HeLa and 6.25 ㎍/mL of MDA-MB-231 killed 50% of cells (p < 0.05). Morphological analysis and the results from hoescht staining and DNA fragmentation indicated that cell death induced by AmV was significantly apoptosis. Conclusion: The data showed that using lower dosage of AmV during treatment period cause inhibition of proliferation in time and dose dependant manner. Findings indicated that some ingredients of AmV have anticancer effects and with further investigation it can be used in production of anticancer drugs.