• 대기
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

Private companies are increasingly required to take more substantial actions on climate change. This study introduces the principle and cases of climate (physical) risk estimation for 11 private companies in Korea. Climate risk is defined as the product of three major determinants: hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Hazard is the intensity or frequency of weather phenomena that can cause disasters. Vulnerability can be reflected in the function that explains the relationship between past weather records and loss records. The final climate risk is calculated by multiplying the function by the exposure, which is defined as the area or value of the target area exposed to the climate. Future climate risk is estimated by applying future exposure to estimated future hazard using climate model scenarios or statistical trends based on weather data. The estimated climate risks are developed into three types according to the demand of private companies: i) climate risk for financial portfolio management, ii) climate risk for port logistics management, iii) climate risk for supply chain management. We hope that this study will contribute to the establishment of the climate risk management system in the Korean industrial sector as a whole.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.403-413
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• 2012

The modifications suggested in Uhm et al. (2011) are studied using a partly parametric version of Aalen's additive risk model. A follow-up time period is partitioned into intervals, and hazard functions are estimated as a piecewise constant in each interval. A maximum likelihood estimator by iteratively reweighted least squares and variance estimates are suggested based on the model as well as evaluated by simulations using mean square error and a coverage probability, respectively. In conclusion the modifications are needed when there are a small number of uncensored deaths in an interval to estimate the piecewise constant hazard function.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2116-2120
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• 2008

Recently, in the national railway industry there has been interested in the methodology of hazard analysis and risk assessment. The need of safety management system based on the technology of hazard analysis and risk assessment is being extended to identify in advance the weakness and threat factors causing the accident and cope with the accident actively. It is important to manage the risk of railway casualty accidents having a majority of railway accident. Especially, a hazard event of people struck takes the highest proportion of the railway casualty accidents. This paper describes the result of analysis for environment properties such as an age of casualty, time happened, day, month and weather conditions being concerned in the hazard event of people struck.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2013

The paper will outline how hazard identification and risk evaluation can effectively be performed to obtain Tolerable Hazard Rates (THR). As a target group manufacturers are addressed, who face the situation, that for a generic application THRs are needed for compliance with EN 50129 [1]. Focusing on functional hazards this paper shows a possible hazard log and the relevant analysis methods. The terms safety barrier and barrier function will be introduced and used instead of the term "safety function". As functional hazards and barrier functions depend on each other, emphasis will be put on a comprehensive and detailed definition of barrier functions and the usage of function lists. By using detailed and complete hazard and barrier function definitions THRs can be obtained while at the same time the approach becomes clear how the hazard rates (HR) will be established.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.191-201
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• 2024

A comprehensive probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was carried out in Istanbul to examine the seismotectonic features of the region. The results showed that earthquakes can trigger one another, resulting in the grouping of earthquakes in both time and space. The hazard analysis utilized the Poisson model and a conventional integration technique to generate the hazard curve, which shows the likelihood of ground motion surpassing specific values over a given period. Additionally, the study evaluated the impact of seismic hazard on the structural integrity of an existing masonry tower by simulating its seismic response under different ground motion intensities. The study's results emphasize the importance of considering the seismotectonic characteristics of an area when assessing seismic hazard and the structural performance of buildings in seismic-prone regions.

• 한국방재학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.10-22
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• 2006

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

자동차, 원자력, 철도, 항공 등의 분야에서 발생하는 소프트웨어의 고장이나 사고는 바로 큰 재산 피해나 인명 피해로 연결될 수 있다. 이에 체계적이고도 효과적인 안전품질 관리의 필요성이 커지고 있으며, 최근 관련 산업 분야에서는 IEC 61508을 기반으로 안전 국제 표준이 제정되어 산업에 적용되고 있다. 국제 표준에서 명시하고 있는 안전 생명주기에 따르면 소프트웨어 안전성 품질을 확보하기 위해서는 개발 초기 단계에서 위험원 및 위험 분석(Hazard and risk analysis)을 통한 안전 요구사항을 개발하도록 권고하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어의 안전성 요구사항의 식별 및 정의를 위해 SysML을 활용한 STPA 기반의 위험원 분석 프로세스를 제안한다. 세부적으로는 SysML의 BDD과 IBD 다이어그램을 활용하여 기존 STPA 분석에서 활용되고 있는 제어구조도를 보다 명확하게 정의할 수 있도록 개선하였고, SD 다이어그램을 활용하여 안전 제약사항(요구사항)을 상세화할 수 있도록 하였다. 제안 방법의 적용 결과, STPA에서 누락되었던 위험원을 추가적으로 식별할 수 있었고, 위험원의 발생 시나리오도 상세하게 구체화할 수 있었다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2009년도 정기 학술발표대회
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• pp.13-24
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• 2009

This paper introduces various kinds of applications of the scenario-based seismic risk assessment in Taiwan. Seismic scenario simulation (SSS) is a GIS-based technique to assess distribution of ground shaking intensity, soil liquefaction probability, building damages and associated casualties, interruption of lifeline systems, economic losses, etc. given source parameters of an earthquake. The SSS may integrate with rapid earthquake information release system to obtain valuable information and to assist in decision-making processes to dispatch rescue and medical resources efficiently. The SSS may also integrate with probabilistic seismic hazard analysis to evaluate various kinds of risk estimates, such as average annual loss and probable maximum loss in one event, in a probabilistic sense and to help proposing feasible countermeasures.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제33권A호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2013

Reduction of risk plays a pivotal role in the development of medical instruments. A hyperbaric oxygen chamber, as a medical device, is known to help medical therapy for diversity of diseases through provision of high purity oxygen. The use of hyperbaric oxygen is expected to increase in the future and study to rigorously examine reliability and safety is needed. We have performed risk assessment for a newly developed hyperbaric oxygen chamber in this study. We first briefly discussed the system structure and concept of risk assessment for the study. Based on the hazards identified, we performed preliminary hazard analysis for the chamber.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2006

This study is to investigate the related materials such as domestic law regulation, research paper, research report, and the other material, and to suggest suitable counter measures, to find out hazard degree for its works of workers and work place through direct survey, in order to determine risk score of each hazardous work which is designated by the Government, without consideration of labour's consciousness against risk level at a site. Therefore, a new questionnaire survey related to the decision of risk level are made and distributed to find out what risk level each worker recognizes. Also, the authors tried to approach reasonable conclusions after discussing reasonability of qualification standard and improving ideas of worker at hazardous work places with worker, faculty member, H&S manager, labour union. And the results show hazard degrees by each work kind of the above: 3.75 for working with machinery, 3.7 for steel structure, 3.5 for operation of tower crane, 3.51 for retaining wall, 3.85 for form work, 3.46 for scaffolding are obtained. This quantified risk can be applied to establishing a reasonable system to keep safe against hazardous works.