• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.203-213
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• 2018

This study aims to propose the methods for urban flood risk maps which are useful in strengthening urban planning toward disaster prevention by climate change. Selecting the Gwangju city, Gyeonggi-do as study area, it analyzes urban flood at a RCP 8.5 scenario, and develops gridded information regarding risk components such as hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. It turns out that flooding would occur at a bend interval of the Mokhyun stream and also at the joint of the Gyungan and the Mokhyun streams, showing the similarity with the inundation trace map. In particular, the Songjeong dong is analyzed to be seriously exposed and to be highly vulnerable to flood inundation. With all results together, this study concludes that the proposed methods could be used as a basis for strengthening urban planning toward flood disaster prevention system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.166-178
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• 2012

In order to simulate storm surge for the west coast, complex physics of asymmetrical typhoon wind vortex, tide and wave are simultaneously incorporated on a fine finite element mesh extended to the North Western Pacific sea. Asymmetrical vortex based on maximum wind radii for each quadrant by JTWC's best tracks are input in pADCIRC and wave stress is accounted by dynamic coupling with unSWAN. Computations performed on parallel clusters. In hindcasting simulation of typhoon Kompasu(1007), model results of wave characteristic are very close with the observed data at Ieo island, and sea surface records at major tidal stations are reproduced with satisfaction when typhoon is approaching to the coast. It is obvious that increasing of local storm surges can be found by introducing asymmetrical vortex. Thus this approach can be satisfactorily applied in coastal hazard management against to storm surge inundation on low level area and major harbor facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to minimize damage of chemical accidents through the appropriation analysis of evacuation facility position focused on Ulsan metropolitan city. For analysis, informations such as pollutant release and transfer registers(PRTR), population census, and evacuation facilities were used. After then, damage assessment of chemical accidents, accessibility and appropriation of evacuation facilities were analyzed. Damage of chemical accidents is high in around 5km of industrial complex there is dense of chemical facility and population. Evacuation facilities were mainly situated in hazard area of chemical accidents, but accessibility of evacuation facilities was vulnerable in chemical plant neighborhood. Therefore, safety check of deteriorated plants is important for prevention of chemical accidents. Also, effective evacuation plan considering capacity and scale of evacuation facilities will be established.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2015

This Study analyzed heavy snow properties according to the area that was based by winter weather properties and the damage data by the heavy snow among each local government of Chungcheongbuk-do. The result of analysis, Jecheon-si and Boeun-gun are represented the highest dangerous regions by potential degree of risk by average amount of snowfall for 35 years. But, the potential degree of risk by maximum amount of snowfall for 35 years is different with it. Cheongju-si and Youngdong-gun, Goesan-gun, Boeun-gun are represented the highest dangerous regions. Examining the frequency of regions with potential danger factors according to the characteristics of heavy snowfall, Boeun-gun and Jecheon-si, Goesan-gun, Youngdong-gun, Cheongju-si is derived the highest dangerous regions in Chungcheongbuk-do.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2020

The rapid climatic changes being caused by global warming are resulting in abnormal weather conditions worldwide, which in some regions have increased the frequency of landslides. This study was aimed to analyze and compare the landslide susceptibility using the Frequency Ratio (FR), Statistical Index, Weight of Evidence, Certainty Factor, and Index of Entropy (IoE) at Woomyeon Mountain in South Korea. Through the construction of a landslide inventory map, 164 landslide locations in total were found, of which 50 (30%) were reserved to validate the model after 114 (70%) had been chosen at random for model training. The sixteen landslide conditioning factors related to topography, hydrology, pedology, and forestry factors were considered. The results were evaluated and compared using relative operating characteristic curve and the statistical indexes. From the analysis, it was shown that the FR and IoE models were better than the other models. The FR model, with a prediction rate of 0.805, performed slightly better than the IoE model with a prediction rate of 0.798. These models had the same sensitivity values of 0.940. The IoE model gave a specific value of 0.329 and an accuracy value of 0.710, which outperforms the FR model which gave 0.276 and 0.680, respectively, to predict the spatial landslide in the study area. The generated landslide susceptibility maps can be useful for disaster and land use planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.256-269
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• 2020

Objectives: Everyone has been affected in some way by the COVID-19 pandemic, while some workers face threats to their health due to their jobs as well as worries about spreading the virus to intimate family members. With these concerns in mind, this study aims to identify occupations more vulnerable to COVID-19 and suggests the necessity of providing proper control measures against the risks in a timely manner in Korea. Methods: Daily briefing reports by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) were compiled (n=120) between January 20 and May 31, 2020. A total of 11,486 confirmed cases were included, which were sorted by occasion, area, and occupation. Among them, 2,411 cases were classified with specific occasions and/or areas of infection, while only 544 cases were determined with identifiable occupations. Guidelines for biological hazard management and COVID-19 guidelines for workplaces from domestic and international bodies were enlisted and compared. Results: It is unsurprising to find that healthcare professionals are experiencing the most immediate threat from COVID-19. In addition, service workers with face-to-face practices or indirect contact are also facing high risks. Religion facilities and eating places (dining, drinking bar, café, etc.,) follow. Guidelines and manuals for biological hazards are still lacking in Korea compared to the US and EU. Workplace manuals for managing COVID-19 are neither as comprehensive as the approaches of NIOSH's hierarchy of controls nor inclusive enough for minimizing secondary or tertiary suffering. Conclusions: The COVID-19 crisis is still ongoing and there is no doubt there will be more such events in the future. This analysis suggests that occupational health professionals, amid a pandemic including COVID-19, are urged to anticipate emerging risks related to all sorts of occupations, identify vulnerable workers and working environments, and plan and take actions to protect workers' health.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

A fire extinguishing system for a rack warehouse was recently designed, which only consider the gross area and number of stories. However, the design of such a system should take into account not only the planar structuree, but also the elevation perspectives due to its vertical structure. Moreover, the fire load of the commodities palletized on the racks should be considered, in order to design a performance-based fire safety system that is appropriate for these environmental conditions. For this reason, this study analyzed the fire characteristics of the commodities palletized on the racks (pallet + the commodities in a box unit + vinyl packing material), taking into consideration the results of a field investigation conducted in Korea, as well as the Hazard Classifications of Commodities used in other countries. Through this analysis, the heat release rate (HRR) and smoke production rate (SPR) were derived.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.95-103
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• 2009

Global interests for construction of 3 dimensional spatial information has risen due to development of measurement sensors and data processing technologies. In spite of criticism for the violation of personal privacy, CCTV cameras equipped in outdoor public space of urban area are used as a fundamental sensor for traffic management, crime prevention or hazard monitoring. For safety guarantee in urban environment and disaster prevention, a surveillance system integrating pre-constructed 3 dimensional spatial information with CCTV data or video sequence is needed for monitoring and observing emergent situation interactively in real time. In this study, we proposed applicability of the prototype system for web visualization based on X3D, an international standard of real time web visualization, by integrating 3 dimensional spatial information with video sequence.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.497-509
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• 2009

Records on natural hazards such as droughts, floods, smallpox and attacks of grasshoppers are classified and analyzed during the Ancient Times(BC 57$\sim$AD 935) based on the Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms Age(Samguksaki main record), and influences on human activities and relationships of each natural hazard are studied. The strongest influences on the agricultural productivity were the drought and the influences of floods were weak. The most floods were not destructive hazards because the cultivated lands were distributed in the valley plains and the towns and villages were constructed in the area free from the floods during the Ancient Times. The attacks of grasshoppers have the high frequencies with the droughts. The smallpox of the Ancient Times has no relationships with the dearth, floods and droughts. This means that the waterborne infections happened periodically and after the unification, the infectious diseases happened continuously due to the urbanization leading the concentration of population on the capital. Two cycles of droughts are recognized, and they happened with the time intervals of approximately 500 years during approximately 1000 years in Shilla dynasty.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2015

International organizations and classification societies established rules and regulations to which shipbuilders and ship operators should comply during design, construction, even operation keeping from hazard to life of crews and ocean environment. Hence, rules and regulations could be guidelines for design and construction of ship sometimes. In practical wise, ship structure designers be predisposed to design lightest and easy-to-product structures which satisfy rules and regulations. Therefore, changes of rules and regulations are remarkably important issue to related industries. In 2006, IACS established and released Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carrier and Common Structural Rules for Double Hull Oil Tanker. These CSRs are consolidated and unified rules of class society's rules. But these two rules are different from each other. IACS has plan to release unified rule of two ship type called Harmonized Common Structural Rule for Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers. This new rule will be effective from July 2015. Hence, bulk carrier and double hull oil tanker whose contract date is on and thereafter July 2015 should be complied with CSR-H. Therefore, it is highly important to be aware of consequences and cause of consequences with respect to CSR-H. The object of this research is to compare requirements of structure scantling in way of midship area for selected target ship according to CSRs and CSR-H and to analysis cause of deviation between two rules.