• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.455-458
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• 2013

The conventional design of the information system architecture based on the personal experience of information systems has been acted as a limit in progress utilizing appropriate resource allocation and performance improvements. Architecture design depending on personal experience makes differences in variance of a designer's experience, intellectual level in related tasks and surroundings, and architecture quality according to individual's propensity. After all these problems cause a waste of expensive hardware resources. At working place, post-monitoring tools are diversely developed and are running to find the bottleneck and the process problems in the information operation. However, there are no simulation tools or models that are used for expecting and counteracting the problems at early period of designing architecture. To solve these problems we will first develop a simulation model for designing information system architecture in a pilot form, and will verify validity. If an error rate is found in the permissible range, then it can be said that the simulation reflects the characteristic of information system architecture. After the model is developed in a level that can be used in various ways, more accurate performance computation will be able to do, getting out of the old way relying on calculations, and prevent the existence of idle resources and expense waste that comes from the wrong design of architecture.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3469-3476
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• 2015

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. In Korea, the territory has east high west low type and the rainfall is concentrated in the summer season. A nation having these topography and precipitation condition like Korea has to basically needs support of hardware alternatives. However, the right places decrease gradually and the resistance of the public opinion for national water resources policy stiffens gradually. The climate change has an effect in water resources fields and has a close relation. In the present study, therefore, future inflow of Miryang multipurpose dam basin is estimated by using SWAT model applied RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios of "Korea Meteorological Administration" and considering the results, the future direction is purposed to operate the dam. As a result, the rainfall pattern is changed from traditional peak form to flat form. The dam operation rule in accordance with changing precipitation pattern has to be modified from the conventional operation rule and a new plan has to be established to meet a situation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.16A no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2009

With increasing multicore system, much effort has been put on the performance improvement of its application. Because multicore system has multiple processing devices in one system, its processing power increases compared to the single core system. However in many cases the advantages of multicore can not be exploited fully because the existing software and hardware were designed to be suitable for single core. When the existing software runs on multicore, its performance improvement is limited by the bottleneck of sharing resources and the inefficient use of cache memory on multicore. Therefore, according as the number of core increases, it doesn't show performance improvement and shows performance drop in the worst case. In this paper we propose a method of performance improvement of multicore system by applying Flow-Level Parallelism to the existing TCP/IP network application and operating system. The proposed method sets up the execution environment so that each core unit operates independently as much as possible in network application, TCP/IP stack on operating system, device driver, and network interface. Moreover it distributes network traffics to each core unit through L2 switch. The proposed method allows to minimize the sharing of application data, data structure, socket, device driver, and network interface between each core. Also it allows to minimize the competition among cores to take resources and increase the hit ratio of cache. We implemented the proposed methods with 8 core system and performed experiment. Experimental results show that network access speed and bandwidth increase linearly according to the number of core.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1049-1055
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• 2018

This paper proposes the Signal Quality Indicator (SQI) to certify the wired communication channels connected between sub-systems embedded in guided flight systems. The communication signals can be distorted due to the poor interconnections of wired channels, the interference from the signals passing through the adjacent routed channels, and additive white Gaussian noises. As the ways to find out the condition of the communication channels, we present the Hamming distance based SQI (H-SQI) and the Euclidean distance based SQI (E-SQI). Two SQIs are compared in terms of the SQI resolution performance and the required number of hardware resources for implementations. The E-SQI requires the 10 times FPGA resources and an additional analog-digital converter over the H-SQI in spite of its outstanding SQI resolution performance. Moreover, the H-SQI could have the enough SQI resolution performance to find out the channel condition by increasing the oversampling rate, so the H-SQI is the more adequate than the E-SQI for the SQI of the guided flight systems.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.43
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• pp.47-75
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• 2016

This study has analyzed the history of the subcontract animation in Korea that began with Golden Bat of TBC Animation Division in 1966 to 1980s and shed the light on the history of subcontract animation that has been processed over 30 years in Korean animation. For this purpose, through the outlined status of subcontract animation, such as, production company, production status, scale of industry and so forth, the status of the OEM industry then has been checked and it links the solidified background of animation into subcontract production industry with the situation in time for analysis. In addition, on the basis of the foregoing, it is intended to broaden the horizon of the history of animation through the analysis on new search for facilitating the creative animation by overcoming the issues and limits generated by the subcontract animation industry. 1970s was the time that the national objective is to advance heavy-chemical industry and export-led economic growth. From the late 1970s, the animation has been spot lighted as the main-stream export industry through the overseas subcontract orders for animation. Expansion of the subcontract animation production has been influenced from the national policies on public culture, dispersion of color TV, facilitation of video production market and other media changes of the time that led the decline of animation audiences in theaters, and another cause would be in lack of platform of broadcasting companies that avoided the independent animation production for its economic theory. The subcontract animation industry may have the positive evaluation in the aspect of expanding the animation environment, such as, structuring of animation infra, development of new human resources and etc. However, the technology-incentive 'production'-oriented advancement has created distorted structure in advancing the professional human resources due to the absence of 'pre-production' of planning and others as well as the insufficient perception on 'post production (post work)', and it was unable to formulate domestic market by re-investing the capital accumulated for OEM industry into the production of creative animation and it has been assessed as negative aspect. Animation is a cultural and spiritual product of a country. Therefore, the systematic support policy for the facilitation of the creative animation, such as, development of professional human resources, creation of outstanding work, formation of market to make the pre-circulation structure and so forth has to be sought. However, animation is an industry, but there is no perception that it is a cultural industry based on the creativeness, not hardware-oriented manufacturing business. Such a lack of recognition, there was no policies to make the market and facilitate the creative animation by the animation of Korea for this period through the long-term plan and investment for independent work production. Such an attempt is newly begun through diverse searches for protection and advancement of creative animation in Korea after 1990s.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-96
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• 2016

As the internet has become widespread and easy to access everywhere, it is common for people to search information via online search engines such as Google and Naver in everyday life. Recent studies have used online search volume of specific keyword as a measure of the internet users' attention in order to predict disease outbreaks such as flu and cancer, an unemployment rate, and an index of a nation's economic condition, and etc. For stock traders, web search is also one of major information resources to obtain data about individual stock items. Therefore, search volume of a stock item can reflect the amount of investors' attention on it. The investor attention has been regarded as a crucial factor influencing on stock price but it has been measured by indirect proxies such as market capitalization, trading volume, advertising expense, and etc. It has been theoretically and empirically proved that an increase of investors' attention on a stock item brings temporary increase of the stock price and the price recovers in the long run. Recent development of internet environment enables to measure the investor attention directly by the internet search volume of individual stock item, which has been used to show the attention-induced price pressure. Previous studies focus mainly on Dow Jones and NASDAQ market in the United States. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the individual investors' attention measured by the internet search volumes and stock price changes of individual stock items in the KOSDAQ market in Korea, where the proportion of the trades by individual investors are about 90% of the total. In addition, we examine the difference between industries in the influence of investors' attention on stock return. The internet search volume of stocks were gathered from "Naver Trend" service weekly between January 2007 and June 2015. The regression model with the error term with AR(1) covariance structure is used to analyze the data since the weekly prices in a stock item are systematically correlated. The market capitalization, trading volume, the increment of trading volume, and the month in which each trade occurs are included in the model as control variables. The fitted model shows that an abnormal increase of search volume of a stock item has a positive influence on the stock return and the amount of the influence varies among the industry. The stock items in IT software, construction, and distribution industries have shown to be more influenced by the abnormally large internet search volume than the average across the industries. On the other hand, the stock items in IT hardware, manufacturing, entertainment, finance, and communication industries are less influenced by the abnormal search volume than the average. In order to verify price pressure caused by investors' attention in KOSDAQ, the stock return of the current week is modelled using the abnormal search volume observed one to four weeks ahead. On average, the abnormally large increment of the search volume increased the stock return of the current week and one week later, and it decreased the stock return in two and three weeks later. There is no significant relationship with the stock return after 4 weeks. This relationship differs among the industries. An abnormal search volume brings particularly severe price reversal on the stocks in the IT software industry, which are often to be targets of irrational investments by individual investors. An abnormal search volume caused less severe price reversal on the stocks in the manufacturing and IT hardware industries than on average across the industries. The price reversal was not observed in the communication, finance, entertainment, and transportation industries, which are known to be influenced largely by macro-economic factors such as oil price and currency exchange rate. The result of this study can be utilized to construct an intelligent trading system based on the big data gathered from web search engines, social network services, and internet communities. Particularly, the difference of price reversal effect between industries may provide useful information to make a portfolio and build an investment strategy.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.1
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• pp.23-76
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• 2000

In this paper, I examined what have been researched and determined about preservation strategy and selection of preservation media in the western archival community. Archivists have primarily been concerned with 'preservation' and 'use' of archival materials worth of being preserved permanently. In the new information era, preservation and use of archival materials were faced with new challenge. Life expectancy of paper records was shortened due to acidification and brittleness of the modem papers. Also emergence of information technology affects the traditional way of preservation and use of archival materials. User expectations are becoming so high technology-oriented and so complicated as to make archivists act like information managers using computer technology rather than traditional archival handicraft. Preservation strategy plays an important role in archival management as well as information management. For a cost-effective management of archives and archival institutions, preservation strategy is a must. The preservation strategy encompasses all aspects of archival preservation process and practices, from selection of archives, appraisal, inventorying, arrangement, description, conservation, microfilming or digitization, archival buildings, and access service. Those archival functions should be considered in their relations to each other to ensure proper preservation of archival materials. In the integrated preservation strategy, 'preservation' and 'use' should be combined and fulfilled without sacrificing the other. Preservation strategy planning is essential to determine the policies of archives to preserve their holdings safe and provide people with a maximum access in most effective ways. Preservation microfilming is to ensure permanent preservation of information held in important archival materials. To do this, a detailed standardization has been developed to guarantee the permanence of microfilm as well as its product quality. Silver gelatin film can last up to 500 years in the optimum storage environment and the most viable option for permanent preservation media. ISO and ANIS developed such standards for the quality of microfilms and microfilming technology. Preservation microfilming guidelines was also developed to ensure effective archival management and picture quality of microfilms. It is essential to assess the need of preservation microfilming. Limit in resources always put a restraint on preservation management. Appraisal (and selection) of what to be preserved was the most important part of preservation microfilming. In addition, microfilms with standard quality can be scanned to produce quality digital images for instant use through internet. As information technology develops, archivists began to utilize information technology to make preservation easier and more economical, and to promote use of archival materials through computer communication network. Digitization was introduced to provide easy and universal access to unique archives, and its large capacity of preserving archival data seems very promising. However, digitization, i.e., transferring images of records to electronic codes, still, needs to be standardized. Digitized data are electronic records, and st present electronic records are very unstable and not to be preserved permanently. Digital media including optical disks materials have not been proved as reliable media for permanent preservation. Due to their chemical coating and physical character using light, they are not stable and can be preserved at best 100 years in the optimum storage environment. Most CD-R can last only 20 years. Furthermore, obsolescence of hardware and software makes hard to reproduce digital images made from earlier versions. Even if when reformatting is possible, the cost of refreshing or upgrading of digital images is very expensive and the very process has to be done at least every five to ten years. No standard for this obsolescence of hardware and software has come into being yet. In short, digital permanence is not a fact, but remains to be uncertain possibility. Archivists must consider in their preservation planning both risk of introducing new technology and promising possibility of new technology at the same time. In planning digitization of historical materials, archivists should incorporate planning for maintaining digitized images and reformatting them in the coming generations of new applications. Without the comprehensive planning, future use of the expensive digital images will become unavailable. And that is a loss of information, and a final failure of both 'preservation' and 'use' of archival materials. As peter Adelstein said, it is wise to be conservative when considerations of conservations are involved.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2020

Education is one of the priority sectors specified in Tanzania, and it has committed to provide 11 years of compulsory free basic education for all from pre-primary to lower secondary level. Despite the Government's efforts to provide free basic education to all children, there are 2.0 million (23.2 per cent) out of 8.5 million children at the primary school age of 7-13, who are out of school in Tanzania. The ICT class should be offered as a regular class in all secondary schools in Tanzania, recommended by the ministry of education. However, many schools are struggling to implement this mandate. Most of schools offer the ICT class with theory without any real hardware. Some schools were given with computers but they were not maintained for operation. There is a huge task to make ICT education universal. Main issues include: remoteness (off-grid area), lack of ICT teachers, lack of resources such as hardware, infrastructure, and lack of practical lessons or projects to be used at schools. An innovative blended ICT/STEM education program is being conducted not only for Tanzanian public and private/international schools, but also for out-of-school adolescents through institutions, NGO centers, home visits and at the E3 Empower academy center. For effective STEM education to take place and remain sustainable, more practical curriculum, and close-up teacher support need to be accompanied concurrently. Practical, project-based simple coding lessons have been developed and employed that students experience true learning. The effectiveness of the curriculum has been demonstrated in various project centers, and it showed that students are showing new interests in exploring new discovery, even though this was a totally new area for them. It has been designed for an easy replication, thus students who learned can repeat the lessons themselves to other students. The ultimate purpose of this project is to have IT education offered as universally as possible throughout the whole Tanzania. Quality education for all children is a key for better future for all. Previously it was hoped that education with discipline will improve the active learning. But now more than ever, we believe that children have the ability to learn on their own with given proper STEM education tools, guidelines and environment. This gives promising hope to all of us, including those in the developing countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.467-478
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• 2020

Hypervisor virtualize hardware resources to utilize them more effectively. At the same time, hypervisor's characteristics of time and space partitioning improves reliability of flight software by reducing a complexity of the flight software. Korea Aerospace Research Institute chooses one of hypervisors for space, XtratuM, and examine its applicability to the flight software. XtratuM has strong points in performance improvement with high reliability. However, it does not support SMP. Therefore, it has limitation in using it with high performance applications including satellite altitude orbit control systems. This paper proposes RTEMS XM-SMP to support SMP with RTEMS, one of real time operating systems for space. Several components are added as hypercalls, and initialization processes are modified to use several processors with inter processors communication routines. In addition, all components related to processors are updated including context switch and interrupts. The effectiveness of the developed RTEMS XM-SMP is demonstrated with a GR740 board by executing SMP benchmark functions. Performance improvements are reviewed to check the effectiveness of SMP operations.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.188-200
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• 2002

The WRR scheduling algorithm is widely used in ATM networks due to its simplicity and the low cost of hardware implementation. It guarantees minimum cell rate according to the weight of each queue. The fairness is a important factor for ABR service. That is, scheduling algorithm allocates network resources fairly to each VC. However, WRR algorithm shows worse performance on bursty traffic. Because it schedules input traffics according to predetermined weight, it can not satisfies fairness criteria, MCR plus equal share and Maximum of MCR or Max-Min share, defined by ATM Forum TM 4.1 specification. The Nabeshima et al algorithm is not adapt to network status rapidly because it is not compensate the weights of unused bandwidth to VCs and assign the unused bandwidth to VCs by RR method. In this paper, we propose a scheduling algorithm for satisfying the two fairness criteria, MCR plus equal share and Maximum of MCR or Max-Min share, among the six criteria defined by ATM Forum TM 4.1 specification. The WRR, Nabeshima et al, and the proposed scheduling algorithms are compared with respect to fairness and convergence time throughout experimental simulation. According to the simulation results, the proposed algorithm shows higher fairness and more rapid convergence than other algorithms.