• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.103-112
• /
• 1988

국산 플라이애쉬를 혼합(混合)한 시멘트경화체(硬化體)가 황산이나 염화칼슘침식에 대한 저항성이 포틀랜드 시멘트를 사용한 시멘트경화체(硬化體)보다 좋은 이유는 다음과 같다. 먼저 황산침식에 대한 저항성은 플라이애쉬가 석고생성(石膏生成)을 억제시키므로써 $C_3A$ 계(系) 수화물(水和物)이 ettringite로 전화(轉化)하는 것을 억제한 탓으로 생각된다. 한편 염화칼슘용액에 침지시킨 시멘트경화체(硬化體)의 경우, 염화칼슘의 이온전리작용(電離作用)에 의해 표면(表面)과 내부조직(內部組織)에 미세균열발생(微細龜裂發生)으로 열화현상(劣化現象)이 생기는 것을 플라이애쉬를 사용하므로서 억제하는데 유효하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.172-173
• /
• 2021

With the development of nano-reinforcement technology and the increasing concern for environmental issues, TiO₂ nanomaterials have received wide attention as an additive besides carbon nanomaterials that can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of cement-based materials. Also, TiO₂-based materials can allow cement-baned materials with photocatalytic capability, providing a potentially effective approach to reduce environmental problems. In this work, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and degradation of methylene blue solution were used as target to assess the effect of TiO₂ nanotubes on the mechanical strength and photocatalytic effect of hardened cement paste at different curing time. According to the strength results, the optimum amount of TiO₂ was identified as 0.5% of the weight of cement. Meanwhile, the TiO₂ nanotubes-reinforced specimen exhibited better photocatalytic effect in the early stage of curing.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 1975

Hydration processes of the rapid hardening cement clinkers, which were synthesized from domestic alunite for major alumina source, limestone, kaolin and fluorite, were investigated by means of x-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis and microscopic observation etc. The clinkers were composed mainly of alite, calcium fluroaluminate (C11A7.CaF2) minerals. While the hydratio processes of the clinkers are altered by concentration of SO3 in the paste, calcium aluminate hydrates such as C4AH13, CAH10 and calcium monosulfate hydrate (C3A.CaSO4.12H2O) are formed at first and then some of them are transformed into ettringite(C3A.3CaSO4.32H2O) within 30~60 min. when the concentration of SO3 in the paste are enough. However the formed ettringite are changed slowly into calcium monosulfate hydrate as the concentration of SO3 become lowered, and the paste is hardened with these close-packed minerals. When the content of SO3 in clinker is so enough, calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates are found without any addition of anhydrite or hemi-hydrite.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 시멘트 경화체로부터의 알칼리 침출에 의한 pH 증가와 알칼리 침출속도에 관하여 수행되었다. 배합, 물-시멘트 비, 결합재에 따른 영향을 평가하기 위해 각각을 변수로 하여 시험체를 제작하였다. 시험체는 정사각형 수조형태로 내부에 물을 저장하여 이온이 해리되어 침출될 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 시험체 내부 용액의 대기접촉으로 인한 예기치 못한 화학적 반응을 방지하기 위해 폴리에틸렌 수지로 포장했다. 침투능과 침투속도를 결정하기 위해 용액의 pH는 더 이상 변화가 없을 때까지 시간 경과에 따라 측정하였다. 알칼리 침출에 의한 용액의 pH 변화에 있어서 물-시멘트 비의 영향은 거의 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 반면에 결합재에 따른 영향은 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결합재로 OPC 만을 사용한 경우에 알칼리 침출이 높았으며, 30% PFA와 60% GGBS의 경우에 알칼리 침출이 낮았다. pH 측정이 종료된 후, 시험체 내부 표면으로부터 깊이 1.0 mm 간격으로 채취한 시료를 증류수로 현탁시켜 현탁액의 pH를 측정하였다. OPC의 경우에는 약 7-8 mm 깊이까지 침출의 영향을 받고, 30% PFA와 60% GGBS의 경우에는 침출 영향을 받는 깊이가 더 깊어짐을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2005

In the recent design of high ductile fiber-reinforced ECC (engineered cementitious composite), optimizing both processing and mechanical properties for specific applications is critical. This study presents an innovative method to develop new class ECCs, which possess the different fluid properties to facilitate diverse types of processing (i.e., self-consolidating or shotcrete processing) while maintaining ductile hardened properties. In the material design concept, we employ a parallel control of fresh and hardened properties by using micromechanics and cement rheology. Control of colloidal interaction between the particles is regarded as a key factor to allow the performance of the specific processing. To determine how to control the particle interactions and the viscosity of cement suspension, we first introduce two chemical admixtures including a highly charged polyelectrolyte and a non-ionic polymer. Optimized mixing steps and dosages we, then, obtained within the solid concentration predetermined based on micromechanical principle. Test results indicate that the rheological properties altered by this approach were revealed to be highly effective in obtaining the desired function of the fresh ECC, allowing us to readily achieve hardened properties, represented by pseudo strain-hardening behavior in uniaxial tension.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.507-515
• /
• 2021

To evaluate the influence of slag on the alkalinity of pore solution and microstructure of concrete, this paper performs a leaching experiment on hardened cement-slag pastes (HCSP) slice specimens with different slag content in purified water. The pH value of pore solution, average porosity, morphology, phase composition and Ca/Si of HCSP specimens in the leaching process are measured by solid-liquid extraction, saturated-dried weighing, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results shows that the addition of slag can mitigate an increase in porosity and a decrease in Ca/Si of HCSP in the leaching process. Besides, an appropriate slag content can improve the microstructure so as to obtain the optimum leaching resistance of HCSP, which can guarantee the suitable alkalinity of pore solution to prevent a premature corrosion of reinforced bar. The optimum slag content is 40% in HCSP with a water-binder ratio of 0.45, and an excessive slag causes a significant decrease in the alkalinity of pore solution, resulting in a loss of protection on reinforced bar in HCSP.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 1994

This study is to investigate the quality of superplasticizers in domestic market. Therefore, the physico-chemical characteristics, the fluidity characteristics of fresh cement paste and mortar were tested. Also fresh and hardened properties of mortars and concretes using these superplasticizers were tested. From these results, differences of quality among superplasticizers are checked clearly in low water/cement ratio. And it is concluded that several superplasticizers have better dispersion ability than others in every tests. It has known that all samples are naphtalene sulfornate formaldehede types by the UV(ultra-violet) test.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.242-252
• /
• 2024

To date, methods used to assess the interfacial transition zone (ITZ), which represents the boundary between the aggregate and paste inside concretes, have primarily relied on destructive tests, and non-destructive tests has received little attention until recently. This study assessed the interfaces of concretes with lightweight aggregates based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for high-strength concretes and examined the possibility of estimating the compressive strength of concretes through non-destructive testing using EIS. The experimental results revealed that the impedance of the hardened cement increased with increasing compressive strength and aggregate density. In particular, when the results of impedance measurement were displayed as a Nyquist plot, the intercept of the x-axis depicting the effective conductivity was proportional to the compressive strength. Furthermore, an equivalent circuit was selected to interpret the correlation between cement aggregates and impedance. Consequently, the compressive strength was found to increase with the value of the resistances of the electrolyte filled in continuous pores in the cement aggregate. And, the pores formed in the ITZ affect this value. The resistance at the ITZ for different aggregates was also obtained, and it was found that the resistance was consistent with the results predicted by SEM images of the ITZ and correlated with the strength of the concretes. The proposed method can be used as a way to easily determine the strength of cement according to differences in aggregate.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.45-60
• /
• 2023

Concrete in water environment is easily subjected to the attack of leaching, which causes its mechanical reduction and durability deterioration, and the key to improving the leaching resistance of concrete is to increase the compaction of its microstructure formed by the curing. This paper performs a numerical investigation on the intrinsic relationship between microstructures formed by the hydration of cement and slag and leaching resistance of concrete in water environment. Firstly, a shrinking-core hydration model of blended cement and slag is presented, in which the interaction of hydration process of cement and slag is considered and the microstructure composition is characterized by the hydration products, solution composition and pore structure. Secondly, based on Fick's law and mass conservation law, a leaching model of hardened paste is proposed, in which the multi-species ionic diffusion equation and modified Gérard model are established, and the model is numerically solved by applying the finite difference method. Finally, two models are combined by microstructure composition to form an integrated curing-leaching model, and it is used to investigate the relationship between microstructure composition and leaching resistance of slag-blended cement pastes.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.501-506
• /
• 2001

An experimental study was carried out to investigate recycling of an oyster shell, which is disposed in open-dumped way at coastal oyster factory area. For this purpose, the chemical component and reaction of oyster shell with cement paste was examined. And, the characteristics of hardened concrete was quantitatively investigated in terms of fineness modulus and blending rate of the crushed oyster shell. Test results show that interaction between oyster shell and cement paste was not occurred and the crushed oyster shell can be used as the fine aggregate of concrete. And it is found that blending of an oyster shell caused not to reduce the 28 day compressive strength of concrete. Elastic modulus of the concrete blended with crushed oyster shells decreases with increases the blending rate which the modulus reduced about 10% when oyster shells is blended up to the 20% of the sand substitution.