• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.875-901
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• 2008

본 연구는 일반인들이 알기 쉬운 새로운 등급기준을 이용하여 팔당호 유출입 물의 수질변화가 지니는 경제적 가치를 추정하였다. 현재 '좋음' 등급인 팔당호 유출입 물이 '약간 좋음' 또는 '보통' 등급의 수질로 악화되면 평균적인 가계의 효용도 매월 5,221원 또는 9,649원 하락할 것이므로, 수도권 가계의 사회적 효용도 연간 4,718억 원 또는 8,720억 원 하락할 것으로 추정되었다. 만일 현재 수질이 '매우 좋음' 등급으로 개선된다면 평균적인 가계의 효용도 매월 3,157원 증가함으로써 수도권에 연간 2,853억 원의 가치상송이 발생할 것으로 추정되었다. 본 연구는 설문조사의 시간제약하에서 이해하기 어려운 환경재 속성들을 이해하고 그 선택문제까지 학습해야 하는 일반 응답자들에게 과도한 정보부하량(information overload)을 주는 경향이 있는 CE(choice experiment) 연구의 한계를 극복하고자 수질 속성에 대하여 보다 알기 쉬운 용어를 사용할 수 있었다는데 의의가 있다고 할 것이다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.341-349
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• 2010

It is well known that manganese is hard to oxidize under neutral pH condition in the atmosphere while iron can be easily oxidized to insoluble iron oxide. The purpose of this study is to identify removal mechanism of manganese in the D water treatment plant where is treating bank filtered water in aeration and rapid sand filtration. Average concentration of iron and manganese in bank filtered water were 5.9 mg/L and 3.6 mg/L in 2008, respectively. However, their concentration in rapid sand filtrate were only 0.11 mg/L and 0.03 mg/L, respectively. Most of the sand was coated with black colored manganese oxide except surface layer. According to EDX analysis of sand which was collected in different depth of sand filter, the content of i ron in the upper part sand was relatively higher than that in the lower part. while manganese content increased with a depth. The presence of iron and manganese oxidizing bacteria have been identified in sand of rapid sand filtration. It is supposed that these bacteria contributed some to remove iron and manganese in rapid sand filter. In conclusion, manganese has been simultaneously removed by physicochemical reaction and biological reaction. However, it is considered that the former reaction is dominant than the latter. That is, Mn(II) ion is rapidly adsorbed on ${\gamma}$-FeOOH which is intermediate iron oxidant and then adsorbed Mn(II) ion is oxidized to insoluble manganese oxide. In addition, manganese oxidation is accelerated by autocatalytic reaction of manganese oxide. The iron and manganese oxides deposited on the surface of the sand and then are aged with coating sand surface.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권6_4호
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• pp.1417-1424
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• 2019

최근 전지구적으로 재난재해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 재난재해는 규모가 크게 나타나고, 접근하기 어려운 특징이 있어 위성영상을 활용한 재난재해 연구는 꾸준히 진행되어 왔다. 2018년 라오스 세피안-세남노이 댐 붕괴 역시 인명 및 경제적으로 많은 피해를 발생시켰다. 본 연구에서는 세피안-세남노이 댐 붕괴로 인해 변화된 수계를 탐지하고, 이를 통해 향후 침수가 예상되는 지역을 도출해보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여, 정량적으로 수계변화를 탐지하고자 댐 붕괴 전후의 KOMPSAT-5 amplitude영상 각각으로부터 수계를 추출하여 비교해본 결과, 댐 붕괴 후 10배 이상으로 수계면적이 증가하였음을 확인하였다. 또한, 새롭게 생성된 수계는 고도가 낮은 지역으로 두껍게 생성되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 향후, 기존 운영되는 댐의 이상징후 및 이슈 발생에 대한 사전 대응을 체계화하는 데 활용이 가능할 것이라고 생각된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2012

본 연구는 산지계류의 자연친화적 복원을 위해 산지 계류 특성에 적합한 안정성과 구조를 가지면서 계안 보호 및 복원이 가능하도록 식생기반재 돌망태 공법을 개발하고, 개발 공법의 치수안정성, 생태계 구조 및 기능, 경관에 대한 모니터링을 통해 공법의 효능을 평가하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 보에서는 개발된 계안 복원을 위한 식생기반재 돌망태 공법 중 매트리스형 식생기반재 돌망태 공법의 계안 피복효과를 정리, 보고하였다. 사용된 매트리스형 식생기반재 돌망태의 표준형태는 $4.0m{\times}2.0m{\times}0.3m$ 크기이며, 식생기반재는 고운 흙, 유기질 비료, 유기질 토양개량재, 종자를 혼합한 것으로, 식물성 천연섬유를 공급할 수 있고 다량의 수분 보유능력을 가진 피트모스를 유기질 토양개량재로서 사용하였다. 2006년 12월 식생기반재 돌망태를 이용한 계안 복원공법 시험지가 완공된 이후, 2007년 3월부터 각 시험구간별 식생발아 및 피복도 변화에 대한 모니터링을 실시한 결과, 최초 식생 발아는 2007년 4월 12일 경이었으며, 이후 약 50일이 경과한 2007년 5월 29일 경에 모든 시험구간에서 피복도 100%에 도달하였다. 또한 큰 채움돌과 유기질 토양만을 혼합한 시험구에서 가장 높은 식생피복도를 유지하였다. 피트모스를 많이 처리한 시험구가 높은 초기 식생피복도를 보임으로서 피트모스 처리가 양호한 발아 및 생육 환경 조성에 효과적인 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2009

본 연구는 2008년 3월 24일에 전남 영광군에서 채취한 말백합 어미 1,200 마리를 확보하여 수온조절 (20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$ 및 자연해수) 에 의한 인위적인 성 성숙을 유도하였으며, 성숙 유도된 어미로부터 생존율, 비만도, 생식소 및 성숙 소요일수를 조사하였다. 말백합 어미의 연체부지수는 사육초기에는 다소 낮아지는 경향이 있었으나, 5월 중순부터 증가하는 경향이 있었으며, 시험 종료 시에는 연체부 지수가 급격히 증가하였으며, 각부용적지수도 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 말백합의 생식소 발달단계는 비활성기, 초기 활성기, 후기활성기, 완숙기, 방출 및 퇴화기의 5 단계로 구분할 수 있는데, 시험 개시일인 3월 25일경은 전기 활성기였으며, 시험 종료일인 6월 30일에는 수온별로 다양한 생식주기를 나타내었다. 시험 종료 시 성숙 유도율은 $30^{\circ}C$ 실험구에서 46.0%로 가장 높았고, $15^{\circ}C$ 실험구 35.0%, 자연수온 18.0% 및 $20^{\circ}C$ 실험구 12.0%로 순으로 나타났으며, 시험 기간 중 생존율은 전 구간이 90% 이상으로 나타났다. 사육수온을 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$ 및 자연수온으로 성숙 시험한 결과, 암컷의 경우 $30^{\circ}C$ 실험구가 성숙이 가장 빨랐고, 수온이 낮을수록 늦은 경향이었으며, 수컷도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 말백합의 수온별 어미성숙은 $20^{\circ}C$ 보다는 수온이 높은 실험구인 25, $30^{\circ}C$에서 성숙 유도율이 높게 나타났다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.671-683
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• 2017

Groundwater control is a significant issue in most underground construction. An estimate of the inflow rate is required to size the pumping system, and treatment plant facilities for construction planning and cost assessment. An estimate of the excavation-induced drawdown of the initial groundwater level is required to evaluate potential environmental impacts. Analytical and empirical methods used in current engineering practice do not adequately account for the effect of the jointed-rock-mass anisotropy and heterogeneity. The impact of geostructural anisotropy of fractured rocks on tunnel inflows is addressed and the limitations of analytical solutions assuming isotropic hydraulic conductivity are discussed. In this paper the unexcavated Zagros tunnel route has been classified from groundwater flow point of view based on the combination of observed water inflow and numerical modeling results. Results show that, in this hard rock tunnel, flow usually concentrates in some areas, and much of the tunnel is dry. So the remaining unexcavated Zagros tunnel route has been categorized into three categories including high Risk, moderately risk and low risk. Results show that around 60 m of tunnel (3%) length can conduit the large amount of water into tunnel and categorized into high risk zone and about 45% of tunnel route has moderately risk. The reason is that, in this tunnel, most of the water flows in rock fractures and fractures typically occur in a clustered pattern rather than in a regular or random pattern.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2016

Because of the increasing tool cost for cutting hard-to-cut materials, abrasive water jet (AWJ) milling recently has been regarded as a potential alternative machining method. However, it is difficult to control the depth and width of cut in AWJ milling because they vary depending on many AWJ cutting parameters. On 27 conditions within a limited range of pressure, feed rate, and abrasive flow rate, AWJ cutting was conducted on titanium, and depth profiles were measured with a laser sensor. From the depth profile data, depth and width of cut were acquired at each condition. The relationships between depth and parameters and between width and parameters were derived through regression analysis. The former can provide proper cutting conditions and the latter the proper pick feed necessary to generate a milled surface. It is verified that pressure mostly affects depth, whereas abrasive flow rate mostly affects width.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.563-573
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• 2015

For hard rock subsea tunnels the most challenging rock mass conditions are in most cases represented by major faults/weakness zones. Poor stability weakness zones with large water inflow can be particularly problematic. At the pre-construction investigation stage, geological and engineering geological mapping, refraction seismic investigation and core drilling are the most important methods for identifying potentially adverse rock mass conditions. During excavation, continuous engineering geological mapping and probe drilling ahead of the face are carried out, and for the most recent Norwegian subsea tunnel projects, MWD (Measurement While Drilling) has also been used. During excavation, grouting ahead of the tunnel face is carried out whenever required according to the results from probe drilling. Sealing of water inflow by pre-grouting is particularly important before tunnelling into a section of poor rock mass quality. When excavating through weakness zones, a special methodology is normally applied, including spiling bolts, short blast round lengths and installation of reinforced sprayed concrete arches close to the face. The basic aspects of investigation, support and tunnelling for major weakness zones are discussed in this paper and illustrated by cases representing two very challenging projects which were recently completed (Atlantic Ocean tunnel and T-connection), one which is under construction (Ryfast) and one which is planned to be built in the near future (Rogfast).

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1732-1736
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• 2008

The characteristics of a river flow analysis are significant for river maintenance plan. At the present time, HEC-RAS, 1-Dimensional Numerical Analysis Model, is mainly applied to analyze the character of a river flow. The shape of a river is somewhat in longitudinal linear form. It was suspected that the usage of 1-dimensional numerical analysis model is more economical. Development of numerical analysis models and computers are possible to calculate large volume. Hence, it is possible to adapt the analysis of the key stations by 2-dimensional numerical analysis model. The limitation of 1-Dimensional Numerical Analysis Model is that it is hard to evaluate structure affection of numerical simulation by energy loss coefficient at river structure analyzing. When adaptation of the 2-dimensional numerical analysis model in river structure ensues, it takes more objective analyzing than 1-dimensional numerical analysis model for flow affection by river structure. 2-dimensional numerical analysis model consults with the different structure position of hydraulic characteristics and different water depth of shape and scope in vertical flow. 1-dimensional numerical analysis model is possible to simulate with only energy loss coefficient for sudden river section changing, sudden waterway changing by curved. 2-dimensional numerical analysis model use original geographical features. So the model removes technical subjectivity of faulty judgment. It is an objective analysis.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2257-2259
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• 2004

Water Treatment Operation System is applied in most water treatment plants with DCS(Distributed Control System) or PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) system. But it has a lot of problems in viewpoint of cost and expansibilities. Therefore, we rose demand about a system that it was easier, convenient and a few costs. So, It was appeared at a Fieldbus as an alternative about this. It is used in ail industrial fields, but because of the economic reality that we can't removes the existing system, and cannot introduce new technology. Because it is actual to be hard to find an actual implementation reward and way of domestic fieldbus technology, we cannot be acknowledged with reliability in the industrial spot. Therefore, We is going to look into a fieldbus application reward in this paper. That is, We recognize structure and a kind of a fieldbus in a Chapter 2. And we is going to look into difference between a PLC method and fieldbus methods in a Chapter 3. Also, We are going to compare the system that used PLC with the system that used fieldbus (LonWorks). And the objects are JinAn and Wonju where a field bus was applied to.