• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.144-152
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• 2013

Design is an iterative, generative, and multidisciplinary process by its nature. Iteration occurs often in most of the engineering design and development projects including construction. Design iterations cause rework, and extra efforts are required to get the optimal sequence and to manage the projects. Contrary to simple design, isolation of the generative iterations in complex design systems is very difficult, but reduction in overall iterations is possible. Design depends upon the information flow within domain and also among various design disciplines and organizations. Therefore, it is suggested that managers should be aware about the crucial iterations causing rework and optimal sequence as well. In this way, managers can handle design parameters related to such iterations pro-actively. There are a number of techniques to reduce iterations for various kinds of engineering designs. In this paper, parameter based Design Structure Matrix (DSM) is chosen. To create this DSM, a survey was performed and then partitioned using a model. This paper provides an easy approach to those companies involved in or intend to be involved in "design and build projects".

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.237-243
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• 2007

Probabilistic seismic risk analysis was performed. Exceeding probabilities of combined stress and maximum horizontal displacement of steel piled pier due to surface ground motion which was transferred from base rock motion was expressed as seismic fragility curves. Occurrence probability of peak ground motion was calculated by using the seismic hazard map on design code for harbor and fishery structures of Korea. Finally seismic risk of pier structure was found by combining the fragility and the hazard and those were presented through numerical analysis.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.7-18
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• 2019

The Chosun Dynasty established and implemented measures to prevent Japanese invasion into the southern coast. To this end, the number of naval vessels and the number of ships were increased, and a shipyard(船所) was constructed to protect the safety of the vessels. The shipyard is a port facility where military vessels are anchored and repaired, as well as public facilities that are needed for military training on public and land, as well as facilities for storing supplies and equipment needed for ships on land and defense at the port entrance. Despite being such an important facility for national defense, Shipyard has not been noticed. Studies have shown that the position of shipyard is divided into the riverside type and the riverbank type, which is due to the topographical features of Korea. The repair cycle of naval vessels, the carrying out of Yeonhun(prevent the water from decaying the part of the ship, a raw tree was burned to smoke) and the place of sea training also affected the construction of the Gul River(掘江). The space structure of shipyard is divided into port entry facilities for monitoring and controlling at the entrance to the harbor, border facilities for folding and repairing military vessels, and land facilities for holding land exercises and administrative work of military vessels and military equipment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.184-193
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• 2008

The gate expansion was planed to increase discharge capacity of gate structure at sea dike in Asan Bay. So it was estimated for changing of hydraulic states in Pyeongteak Harbor Zone caused by gate expansion, using Delft3D, FLOW-3D and hydraulic physical scale model testing. In result, the influence of gate expansion was indicated to be weak.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2018

The present study investigated the validity of an equilibrium shoreline empirical formula for real phenomena. Among three types of equilibrium shoreline formulas, Hsu's parabolic type static formula was employed, which is well-known and the most practical for shoreline estimation after coastal or harbor structure construction. The wave data observed at Maengbang beach and the CERC formula on longshore sediment transport were used in the present investigation. A comparison study was only conducted for the case of a shoreline change after the construction of a groyne. Reasonable agreement was seen between the observed wave data and the data obtained under a wave angle spreading function S = 3.5. However, significant changes were observed when S increased. Thus, careful application is required when using Hsu's formula.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.49.1-49.1
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• 2015

Star formation in galaxies that lie in dense environment tends to increase as the redshift of the cluster increases. At z~1.4, the situation turns to be complex; some clusters still harbor galaxies with vigorous star formation, and others are populated with relatively old, massive galaxies. We present the result from narrow-band photometric study of the fields around the radio galaxy 6CE 1100+3505 at z=1.44. Deep H- and H-narrow band data have been obtained using CFHT/WIRCAM which cover the corresponding wavelengths for redshifted $H{\alpha}$. While the number of IRAC 3.6, and $4.5{\mu}m$ selected sources show clear excess within the central ~1Mpc area from the radio galaxy, number of galaxies identified to show excess in H-narrow band is very small. We discuss the possible integrated star formation rate in this overdense structure, and the implication to the evolution of cosmic star formation rate as a function of environment.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2004

The diffusion model, which considers diffusion and sorption, is proposed. The FEM program developed on the basis of the diffusion model provides the estimation of chloride concentration according to cyclic humidity and sorption. After the humidity diffusion analysis is carried out, the chloride ion diffusion and sorption analysis are conducted on the basis of the preestimated humidity data in each element. Each element has different analysis variables at different ages and locations. At early ages, the difference between inner and outer relative humidity causes the chloride ion penetration by sorption. As the humidity diffusion reduces the difference with age, the effect of sorption on the chloride ion penetration decreases. By the way, the cyclic humidity increases the effect of sorption on the chloride ion penetration at early ages, and the quantity of chloride ion around steel at later ages. Therefore, the in situ analysis of chloride ion penetration for marine concrete structures must be performed considering the cyclic humidity condition and the long term sorption.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.12
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• pp.3023-3032
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• 1997

This study examined individual differences in navigating in hyperspace learning environment where a minimum structure is provided. Using a hypercard stack called "Pearl Harbor", Field Dependent people used guidance more often than those in Field Indepedent; FI achieved scored higher at the end of the study; and FI people had some type of pattern showing from them audit trail when FD people did not show any trail of patterns. Also people with higher visual thinking scores achieved higher scores in hyperspace environment.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2013

This paper diagnosed the assessment problems and development types of the simple statement of the Sea Area Utilization Consultation System. and suggested the key assessment items for system improvement. The major types of Public Water occupation and use, and distribution characteristic of regional and coastal were analyzed by evaluate 529 review items during 2010-2012. The artificial structure installation including harbor and fishing port facilities in the South and West coast, and seawater supply and drainage for land-based aquaculture and power plant were dominated. The checklists considering each types of occupation and use in Public Water were suggested. In addition, policy proposals for system improvement were suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.1255-1260
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• 2000

The service life is defined as the period of the period of time, until repair becomes necessary to maintain the serviceability of structures. It is getting more common to specify the service life of a structure, particularly structures exposed to de-icing salt water. To accomplish this study, pier in the harbor was chosen as a experimental area. The service life of decks in marine environment was calculated as sum of three period ; initiation period, propagation period and cracking period. The object of this study is to indicate where and how measures can be adopted for checking relevant service lifes.