• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.320-327
• /
• 2019

This study examined the port expansion plan for the fishery port at the east coast of Korea, in accordance with permission conditions for coastal ports such as a limit on the cargo volume and passenger demand for the coastal tourism belt formation. The site was chosen as a municipal coastal port attracting the new ocean industry and building waterfront zone as a hub of new marine tourism. Two different numerical models (Swan and Bouss 2D) were used. Before applying to the target sea area, some numerical tests were conducted for the variation according to Bouss-2D's strong/weak and nonlinear technique compared to the irregular diffraction of semi-infinite breakwater with a theoretical solution. As a result, there was a difference in strong nonlinearity with breaking waves and it was necessary to experiment with a strong nonlinear analysis technique for the actual site. Two numerical models were applied to the fishery port site and the tranquility of some alternatives were analyzed. The numerical results show the most suitable plan was ALT-1, with satisfied harbor tranquility and reasonable economic sense. The extension of the east breakwater and enlarged turning basin of the F-Land plan have brought generally more stable harbor tranquility than the ALT-1. The result can be used as a reference for the port expansion plan in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 2023

The Ship Safety Act prescribes matters necessary for the maintenance of seaworthiness and safe navigation of ships. In this regard, Article 10 of this Act requires shipowner to undergo occasional survey if he/she wants to temporarily change intends to modify the details entered in a ship survey certificate. Such measures are in accordance with the maintenance of the state of the ship after the ship inspection under Article 15 of this Act, and this Act includes "harbor construction work ship" under Article 39 Paragraph (1) of the Harbor Act. However, although the harbor construction work ship originally showed the same operating system as the barge, it was not applied to the Ship Safety Act and was registered and surveyed under the Construction Machinery Management Act. Then "Seokjeong No. 36" sinking accident in Ulsan on December 14, 2012, led to the amendment of the Harbor Act in 2016, and considering the fact that it was added to the Ship Safety Act and applied, there is a realistic limit to applying all the regulations stipulated in the Ship Safety Act to the harbor construction work ship. Accordingly, this study discusses the work characteristics through concept, registration, work area, survey regulations, application case of temporary alteration etc. of harbor construction work ships and controversial issues related to the scope of application of the Ship Safety Act of actual harbor construction work ships, and also the appropriate scope of "temporary alteration" among temporary inspections prescribed in Article 10 of the Ship Safety Act in consideration of the legislative purpose of incorporating harbor construction work ships into the survey subject to the Ship Safety Act in accordance with the revision of the Harbor Act.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.35.2-35.2
• /
• 2012

According to the correlations between galaxy and black hole mass, the most massive galaxies harbor the most massive black holes, with a current mass limit of.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.316-322
• /
• 2012

In the port of Ulsan with the area of harbor limit of $83km^2$, 25,432 vessels have been entering annually and only 35 vessels can anchor simultaneously at the anchorage. The area of harbor limit of Ulsan constitutes just 65 percent compared to $127.5km^2$ which is an average of main ports in Korea. In this regard, the port of Ulsan needs to expand the area of anchorages inevitably for enhancing the efficiency of port operation. To select the best anchorage area in Mipo harbor with the introduction of a concept of emergency anchorage, this study analyzed the safety of navigation and anchorage, and safety management, etc. in the prospected anchorage on the basis of the marine traffic survey observing traffic density. Furthermore, after drawing preliminary and final schemes through gathering the opinions from maritime users, safety management organizations and academic experts group, the best arrangement of emergency anchorage has been selected through the conference of interested parties. Then, the final scheme was also verified through figuring out the marine traffic system and carrying out the ship handling simulation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.113-127
• /
• 2007

In this study, a model to calculate the expected total construction cost is developed that simultaneously considers the rehabilitation cost related to the sliding of the caisson, the economic damage cost due to harbor shutdown in the event of excessive caisson sliding, and the economic damage cost due to temporal operational stoppage by excessive wave overtopping. A discount rate is used to convert the damage costs occurred at different times to the present value. The optimal cross-section of a caisson is defined as the cross-section that requires a minimum expected total construction cost within the allowable limit for the expected sliding distance of the caisson during the lifetime of the breakwater. Two values are used for the allowable limit: 0.3 and 0.1 m. It was found that the economic damage cost due to harbor shutdown by excessive caisson sliding is more critical than the rehabilitation cost of the caisson or the economic damage cost by excessive wave overtopping in the decision of the optimal cross-section. In addition, the optimal cross-section of the caisson was shown to be determined by the allowable limit for the expected sliding distance rather than the minimum expected total construction cost as a larger value is used for the threshold sliding distance of the caisson for harbor shutdown.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 1999

It is very important to quantitatively assess the movement of sea water and pollutant dispersion before or after constructing shore structures such as breakwater considering marine environment and long-term utilization of those structures. This assesment is possible through the use of simulation models designed to predict water movement and pollutant dispersion in a certain area. In this study the numerical computations were carried out to predict the sea water quality in the Ilgwang Harbor located at the east coast of Pusan. The flow patters were investigated before and after the development of Ilgwang Harbor. The computational models adopting ADI Method (Alternating Direction Implicit Method) were used here and were already verified from the previous studies. As a results of this study the tidal exchange in Ilgwang Harbor after development proved to be worse due to the increased semi-enclosed at the harbor limit. In order to improve the water quality of this area after development a new method was proposed to improve water quality in the semi-enclosed bay by creation and control of tidal residual currents. For this purpose the unsymmetric structures so called bottom roughness were introduced in this study. The simulation was carried out on the basis of the study by Komatsu et. al. and Gug and we made a conclusion that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to increase the tidal exchange by application of bottom roughness arrangement.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.473-483
• /
• 2011

In the recent WTO/DDA negotiations, discussions are progressing to forbid fishery subsidies which have negative effect on the natural environment and the fishery resources and to lower or to eliminate the tariff/non-tariff barriers that distort trade liberalization. As a result, linking to the weak structural environment of Korea's fishing villages; such a scheme has jeopardized the livelihood of fishermen who settle down in local fishing harbors. Against this backdrop, the government is attempting to positively respond to changes in the fishing environment in a number of different ways: promotion of fishing tourism, fishing harbor reinforcement in function, developing fishing villages, and harbors. With respect to investment by priority in fishing harbor development, it is very important to appropriately select investment targets based on objective criteria. A small number of harbors are chosen and investment plans by harbor are systematically devised, economic feasibility and the effects of investment are analyzed and reviewed in relation to each target harbor. This paper is designed to review and assess objective evaluation methods and the degree of importance for the designation of target harbors, dealing with local harbors in Chung Nam Do as a model. Each local government has tried to reorganize existing harbors and develop new harbors, considering a fall in the number of fishing vessels and the expansion of maritime leisure activities. In order to overcome the limit of existing harbors in function, to raise the income of fishermen, and to activate tourism, they have shifted their focus from simple functions such as vessel evacuation and anchoring to harbor beautification, which can work as a basis for fishing tourism. This paper points out that the AHP analysis method for prioritizing local harbors in Chung Nam Do should help to be chosen target harbors in other cities and provinces. Each local government has attempted to reorganize existing harbors and to develop new harbors, taking into consideration the decline in the number of fishing vessels and the expansion of maritime leisure activities. In order to overcome the limited number of functional harbors, to raise the income of fishermen, and to boost tourism, they have shifted their focus from simple functions, such as vessel evacuation and anchoring, to harbor beautification, which can work as a basis for fishing tourism. This paper shows that the AHP analysis method for prioritizing local harbors in Chungcheongnam-do could aid in the effective selection of target harbors in other cities and provinces.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2002

In accordance with the development plans of Ulsan harbor, Ulsan new harbor will be contructed considering supporting Ulsan harbor as a safe berthing and departure at single buoy mooring(SBM). In this study, we used a full-mission ship handling simulator adopting 300,000 DWT VLCC manoeuvered at the planned Ulsan SBM. Five masters who have had a long experience of ship maneuvering were called to carry out the simulations, of which each scenario were tried one, completed total of 68 times. The marine traffic safety was assessed in terms of 1) the closest point of approach(CPA) to other SBM and breakwater in the vicinity and the probability of crossing the restricted area of the closest SBM and fairway limit, 2) subjective evaluation such as the mental burden and the maneuvering difficulty of shiphanders, and 3) the opinions of shiphandlers. From the result of this simulation, we have a conclusion as follows; First, because crude oil berthing angle is so small by current S-OiL Co. crude oil buoy by SK Co. No 3 crude oil buoy different view SK Co. No 3 crude oil buoy and interference of current KNOC crude oil buoy, Berthing is impossible, and Emergency departing is very dangerous too operation impossible. Second it is desirable that SK Co. No 2 and No 3 Single buoy Mooring that do different view controls position so that to be not put in straight line each other. Third, SK Co. No 1 and 2 single buoy mooring that do different view to Onsanhang berthing and departing is seized by single buoy mooring by external force ship that set sail does faith control need.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2016

In this study, we researched the emission source category and it was calculated emissions estimates from existing research or literature review related to port. In addition, we have created the basis for a policy that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions calculation based on the results of the harbor. Greenhouse gas emissions estimation results, we proposed a method for allocating the GIS space. In this study, we confirmed based on the calculated greenhouse gas emissions by sources resulting in the GIS Map Port result of the expression construct for space allocation. Based on these results, it tries to provide the basic data that can be used when you want to create a local government measures to reduce scenario in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.156-162
• /
• 2010

When eccentric or inclined load acts on foundation of the port & harbor structures, partial safety factors of bearing capacity limit state were estimated using reliability analysis. Current Korean technical standards of port and harbor structures recommend to estimate the geotechnical bearing capacity using the simplified Bishop method. In practice, however, simple method of comparing ground reaction resistance with allowable bearing capacity has been mostly used by design engineers. While the simple method gives just one number fixed but somewhat convenient, it could not consider the uncertainty of soil properties depending on site by site. Thus, in this paper, partial safety factors for each design variable were determined so that designers do perform reliability-based level 1 design for bearing capacity limit state. For these, reliability index and their sensitivities were gained throughout the first order reliability method(FORM), and the variability of the random variables was also considered. In order to verify partial safety factors determined here, a comparison with foreign design codes was carried out and were found to be reasonable in practical design.