• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.52-58
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• 2013

To evaluate the anisotropic characteristics of Korean traditional paper-Hanji, the physical and mechanical characteristics of hand-made hanji, and machine-made hanji were investigated in this research. The densities of copying paper and newsprint paper appeared to be two times higher than the densities of hand-made hanji using Ssangbal sheet forming and hanji made of paper mulberry fiber. The breaking length, and tear index of both Hanji using Owangbal sheet forming, and hand-made Hanji using Ssangbal sheet forming appeared to be different according to the directions in paper. The breaking lengths of Hanji using Owangbal sheet forming showed little differences according to the directions. Breaking length of Hanji using Ssangbal sheet were slightly higher than those of Hanji using Owangbla sheet forming. The breaking lengths of machine-made hanji, copying paper, and newsprint paper were two to four times higher than those of hand-made Hanji. The breaking length showed higher differences according to the direction than the tear index. The tensile strength according to the directions in paper showed significant differences (${\alpha}$=0.05) in all papers used in this research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.565-582
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• 2022

In recent years, Jumchi-Hanji made of mulberry paper is used as a material for fashion items. This study examined the effect of the type of Choji method (Oebal-teugi or Ssangbal-teugi), layer number (one or two layers) and Jumchichigi time (20, 40, or 60 minutes) on the tensile, wet tensile, tearing and bursting strengths of Jumchi-Hanji. Jumchi-Hanjis used as test samples in this study were made from mulbery paper which was manufactured with either bleached or unbleached paper mulberry from Thailand. The results showed that Jumchi-Hanji made with two layers of mulberry papers had higher strength properties than Jumchi-Hanji made with only one layer. The strength properties of Jumchi-Hanji also increased with longer Jumchichigi time. Furthermore, this study confirmed that the effects of Jumchichigi time on Jumchi-Hanji strengths differed based on the type of Choji method, the layer number of mulberry papers used, and the specific strength property measured. Therefore, to guarantee the strength properties required by the application of Jumchi-Hanji paper as a fashion material, it is necessary to carefully consider the adequate Choji method and layer number to apply in the manufacture of Thai mulberry paper and the adequate duration time needed to perform Jumchichigi to Thai mulbery paper.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.271-277
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• 2011

Hanji(Korean traditional paper) is made from bark of paper mulberry(Broussonetia kazinoki). For a long time, Hanji has been used in various fields, such as paintings, printing paper, as specialty paper. The utilization of Hanji will become more and more diverse. One of the characteristic properties of Hanji is a long life time comparing to western paper. The mucilage which must be used in Hanji manufacturing should effect the conservation properties of Hanji. The effectiveness of the mucilage in aging of Hanji was evaluated in this paper. Strength properties of thermal aged Hanji made with synthetic mucilage decreased more slowly than those of Hanji made with natural mucilage. As prolonged aging time, all Hanji made mucilage increased oxidation index. But, Hanji made with PAM was most stable in oxidation of cellulose.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.88-97
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• 2011

We carried out cationization of Dak pulp (paper mulberry bast fiber pulp) which is raw material of Hanji (Traditional Korean Paper) using a (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride to improve dyeability during a dyeing of Hanji with Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) and smoke tree (Cotinus coggygria). Fiber specific charge densities were determined using polyelectrolyte titration method and K/S values of dyed Hanji was calculated by Kubelka-Munk equation. As the result, fiber specific charge density increased with degree of cationization. Colors of Hanji dyed with Gardenia did not vary significantly with degree of cationization, but cationized Hanji dyed with smoke tree showed a large increase of a* value and reddish yellow color. After-mordanting did not decrease K/S value of dyes with cationized Hanji. K/S values of dyed Hanji decreased with increasing dyeing temperature. For smoke tree, the cationization impair lightfastness of dyed Hanji without mordant. After-mordanting with copper acetate or iron chloride improved lightfastness of dyed Hanji.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 1999

This research was carried out to investigate the Hanji sludge(black color)-wood fiber and wood particle composited applied by waste sludges arising from the making process of Hanji (Korea paper). In experimental design, four levels of the mixed ratio of Hanji sludge to wood fiber or wood particle(10:90, 20:80, 30:70 and 40:60), three kinds of the resin(PMDI, urea and phenol resin)and three kinds of the specific gravity(0.6, 0.75 and 0.9) were designed to determine the tensile strength of Hanji sludge-wood fiber and wood particle composites. From the results and discussion, it may be concluded as follows: In Hanji sludge-wood fiber and wood particle composites, tensile strengths showed decreasing tendency absolutely by increasing Hanji sludge additive, but clearly increase with the increase of specific gravity. In Hanji sludge-wood fiber composites, there were no differences between PMDI and urea resin-bonded composites, but phenol resin-boned composites were made possibly until the addition of 30% Hanji sludge. On the other hand, Hnji sludge-wood particle composites(SpGr=0.6) have very low tensile strength values. But they were made favorably until the addition of 20% Hanji sludge in Hanji sludge-wood particle composites(SpGr=0.9).

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.39 no.2 s.120
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• pp.68-77
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• 2007

It is necessary to recognize philosophical and scientific depth, contained in traditional culture in a correct fashion, in order to succeed and develop our excellent traditional culture. Some studies on storage, circulation, and package design of traditional food will multiple the added value of traditional culture. So this research was carried out for making packing cases of kinds of Korean dried confectionery using Hanji by traditional manufacturing method, Hanji textile, charcoal Hanji and jade Hanji, and for developing environmental-friendly Korean dried confectionery package as more luxurious packaging papers by putting an exterior design on the surface. The results measured physical properties, air permeability and anti-mold activity of Hanji, and designing Korean dried confectionery are as follows. The physical properties and air permeability used to manufacture Korean dried confectionery package, turned out to be no affection to the food packaging Hanji. In order to avoid the monotonousness of Korean dried confectionery package, it was designed with Hanji textile together with elegant traditional pattern. It is estimated to increase the value of Korean dried food and to make the anti-mold activity of Hanji added charcoal and jade effective. In conclusion, by developing individual properties of traditional food and proper packaging paper as well as packaging design according to circulating situation, it is considered that the taste and the fancy can be maximized. After all, by applying excellent traits contained in our race's culture, it is possible to develop the package cases into competitive ones. And it would be able to increase utilization of Hanji. Namely, production of high quality traditional food package with Hanji is expected for new valuable industry of Hanji.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.615-622
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• 2007

Jeonju is well-known as a native place of traditional Hanji from ancient times because of it's proper weather, soil, and sunlights. Traditional Hanji is selected one of the Traditional Cultural Contents Industries of Jeonju nationally, and can produce synergy effects on gaining competition if we develop traditional Hanji industry into high-technology by relating cultural contents. The purposes of this study was to identify consumer attitudes and behaviors toward traditional Hanji products. The results of this study were as followed: 1. Representative products of Jeonju City were a rice with vegetables, a traditional Hanji, and a Korean-style house, and these results showed a consistancy with Han-Brand products promoted by Ministry of Culture and Tourism. 2. Many consumers experienced of a box, a copy paper, a book or notebook made of Hanji, but less experienced of fashion accessary products. Consumers had higher interests in wall or window paper and copy paper, but had lower interests in fashion accessary products such as necktie, shawl, and folding fan. More consumers intended to use wall or window paper and copy paper, but intended fashion accessary products less. Many kinds of Hanji products were produced and displayed on a Hanji Crafts House, but only few consumers had experiences. 3. Younger generations had higher interests and experiences of Hanji products, and unmarried officiers or full-time house wives had experiences Hanji crafts more. 4. Consumers were interested in daily necessaries or interior products made of Hanji.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.15-21
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the making method and properties of Hanji(Korean traditional paper) for wallpaper for the purpose of mass production and mass consumption of Hanji. Paper mulberry fiber was longer than wood fiber in length and it had also much extractives and ash in content. Bast fiber was a little damaged in the fibrilation and beating process because it was weak in flexibility and compressive properties. Proper conditions for making two-ply and three-ply Hanji were examined and six kinds of Hanji were made on the basis of the three-ply paper making method. The sample OH(Original Hanji) 2-2 and OH 3-2 among them obtained good results in quality test by appearance from wallpaper makers.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.82-87
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• 2010

The Hanji dyed with persimmon juice were useful goods in the past, but they are not widely used nowadays despite of their many strong points such as antibacterial and water-resistant properties. The object of this study is to provide useful data for developing new products by using them. We dyed traditional Korean hand-made papers (Hanji) with colorants extracted from fruits of Diospyros kaki and investigated the effect of various dyeing factors (mordant, mordanting method, pH of dyeing solution, light exposure time etc.) on optical and mechanical properties of the dyed Hanji. Changing mordant affected the color of dyed Hanji. The dyed Hanji after-mordanted with Cu mordant had the highest K/S value and showed the deepest yellow and red shade. The best mordanting method was an after-mordanting. The K/S value of dyed Hanji increased with decreasing pH of dyeing solution. The tensile index and size degree values of the Hanji were increased after dyeing.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 2002

According to the result of the experiment, except that Oebal Hanji making, which does not consider the fiber orientation, has a smaller difference between its strength of width and length direction than of Ssangbal Hanii making, there is not a significant difference between Oebal Hanji making and Ssangbal Hanji making. In addition, even though Oebal Hanji making produced indigenous technique is generally felt sturdy because its absolute strength is enhanced by applying fine materials and overlaying several sheets of paper, its relative strength, which is expressed in an index, is not far beyond that of Ssangbal Hanji making Study on the effect of Dochim revealed that Dochim improves remarkably folding endurance and enhances breaking length and the burst strength. Especially, Dochim increase tensile strength. It was also revealed that, indigenous Oebal Hanji making, the higher the number of sheets of paper overlaid is, the higher the tear strength is the increase relatively higher than those of other types of strength. Consequently, Dochim treatment greatly reinforces the imperfect strength of indigenous Hanji. We consider that if we apply Dochim treatment to Ssangbal Hanji making it may bring about abnormal imbalance of strength. We can benefit from the characteristic strength of Oebal Hanji making only when performing paper making and Dochim considering fiber orientation.