• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.425-428
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• 2017

Human diphyllobothriasis is a parasitic disease caused by ingestion of larvae (plerocercoids) in raw or undercooked fish and commonly found in temperate areas. Rare cases were reported in tropical or subtropical areas especially in children. The first documented case of pediatric diphyllobothriasis in Taiwan had been reported 11 years ago. Here, we report another 8-year-old girl case who presented with a live noodle-like worm hanging down from her anus, with no other detectable symptoms. We pulled the worm out and found the strobila being 260 cm in length. Examination of gravid proglottids showed that they were wider than their lengths, containing an ovoid cirrus sac in the anterior side and the rosette-shaped uterus. Eggs extracted from the uterus were ovoid and operculated. Diphyllobothrium latum was confirmed by molecular analysis of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. The girl was treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel, and no eggs or proglottids were observed from her stool in the subsequent 3 months. The reemergence of human diphyllobothriasis in non-endemic countries is probably due to prevalent habit of eating imported raw fish from endemic areas. This pediatric case raised our concern that human diphyllobothriasis is likely underestimated because of unremarkable symptoms.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.363-367
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• 2004

Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 produces various glucoseyltransferases for the synthesis of dextran, levan and glucose-1-phosphate using sucrose as a substrate. A sucrose phosphorylase (1149SPase) was purified from L. mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 culture by using hollow fiber filtration (30 kDa cut off), Toyopearl DEAE 650 M column chromatography and following two times of DEAE-Sepharose column chromatographies. The specific activity of the purified 1149SPase was 25.7 (U/mg) with $16\%$ yield. The 1149SPase showed a molecular size of 56 kDa on denatured $10\%$ SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was MEIQNKAM. The optimum pH and temperature of this enzyme were 6.2~6.5 and 37^{circ}C, respectively. It had an apparent K_{m} of 6.0 mM and K_{cat} of 1.62/s for sucrose. 1149SPase crystal was formed by hanging drop diffusion technique using 20 mM calcium chloride dihydrate, 100 mM sodium acetate trihydrate pH 4.6 and $30\%$ 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as vaporizing and reservation solution. The 1149SPase catalyzes transferring of glucose from isomaltose or sucrose to salicin and salicyl alcohol by disproportionation reaction or acceptor reaction and synthesized two acceptor products, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.18 no.2 s.23
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• pp.5-16
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• 2004

The geomorphic deformation of the alluvial fans by tectonic movement was investigated along the lineaments of the northem part of the Ulsan(Bulguksa) fault system. Based on the aerial photographs interpretation and field surveys Ulsan fault system was identified as an active reverse fault which has displaced the Quatemary fan deposits. Buguksa fault system strikes for the direction of NW-SE and N-S. These two lineaments of active fault are crossing at Jinty village in Gyeongju city and the fault plane forms here almost vertical dip. The lateral pressures from the two directions have possibly influenced on the formation of the vertical dip at jinty villagy. It should be resulted from that the two pressures responsible for the active reverse fault at which the one with the NW-SE strike thrusts the hanging wall of Tohamsan block southwestward and the other pressure with the N-S strike thrusts it westward over the foot wall of the fan deposits. The marine oxygen isotope stage 8(0.30-0.25 Ma. BP) and stage 6(0.20-0.14 Ma. BP) are presumed to be the ages of high and middle surfaces of the alluvial fan, repectively. The vertical displacements on the high surfaces along the Bulguksa fault system are about 1.05 m at Ha-Dong, 9.5-10.5 m at Jinhyun-Dong, and about 10 m high at Jinty village. And the vertical displacement on the middle surface was measured about 6 m high at Ha-Dong. The average slip rate of vertical displacements is calculated about 0.03-0.43 mm/y.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2007

This study was carried out to offer fundamental data for improving the fishing efficiency of the Danish seine. The net height and the shape in the water was measured to analyze the efficiency of the existing Danish seine. And then, an improved fishing gear was developed based on the results and was tested in the field. Measuring devices were attached on center of a ground rope and a head rope. The net height is the spread distance between the ground rope and the head rope, which was measured on the different ratio of buoyancy. The results are obtained as follows. The net height estimated from the design plan of horizontal hanging ratio 0.40 in the existing Danish seine A and B estimated both 4.94m. The net height of the existing Danish seine A and B was respectively 1.8m and 2.3m, which form 36.4% and 46.2% of the net height estimated from the design plan. Buoyancy was changed as 79.5% and 96.2% relative to the sinking force in the existing Danish seine. The net height of 79.5% was 3.95m which increased to 80% of the estimated net height. The other shows the same result with the first case. It is not necessarily that the high buoyancy/sinking force ratio make the high net height, 80% is adequate as the buoyancy/sinking force ratio. In case of the improved Danish seine, the mean net height was about 5.0m, means 58.3% of estimated net height 8.58m.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.779-788
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• 2017

In this study, we analyzed the changes in the echolocation and prey-capture behavior of the horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum from search phase to capture time. The experiment was conducted in an indoor free-flight room fitted with an ultra-high-speed camera. We found that the bats searched for food while hanging from a structure, and capturing was carried out using the flight membrane. In addition, it was confirmed that the mouth and uropatagium were continuously used in tandem during the capturing process. Furthermore, using Constant Frequency (CF), we confirmed that the prey catching method reflected the wing morphology and echolocation pattern of R. ferrumequinum. The echolocation analysis revealed that the pulse duration, pulse interval, peak frequency, start-FM-bandwidth, and CF duration decreased as the search phase approached the terminal phase. Detailed analysis of echolocation pulse showed that the end-FM bandwidth, which increases as it gets nearer to the capture time of prey, was closely related to the accurate grasp of the location of an insect. At the final moment of prey capture, the passive listening that stopped the divergence of the echolocation was identified; this was determined to be the process of minimizing the interruption from the echo of the echolocation call emitted from the bat itself and sound waves emitted from the prey.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2017

Foamed aluminum is an eco-friendly material that is reusable and safe against fire. These superior characteristics have many advantages in the field of building and construction and in cruise ships as sound absorbers. So far, the research on foamed aluminum has been focused on the sound absorption performance using the foaming ratio. Foamed aluminum, when compared with the existing sound absorbers such as glass wool or rock wool, has a better structural performance, and it can be installed on walls in many different ways. This study conducted experiments on the sound absorption characteristics considering the various applications of foamed aluminum. The effects of painting surfaces with the finishing material were compared to that of the normal surface, and the effects of vertical installation and hanging from the ceiling was compared with the effects of installing on the floor.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-222
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• 2005

The a-subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase (${\alpha}TS$), a component of the tryptophan synthase ${\alpha}_2{\beta}_2$ complex, is a monomeric 268-residues protein (Mr = 28,600). ${\alpha}TS$ by itself catalyzes the cleavage of indole-3-glycerol phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and indole, which is converted to tryptophan in tryptophan biosynthesis. Wild-type and P28L/Y173F double mutant ${\alpha}$-subunits were overexpressed in E. coli and crystallized at 298 K by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method. X-ray diffraction data were collected to $2.5{\AA}$ resolution from the wild-type crystals and to $1.8{\AA}$ from the crystals of the double mutant, since the latter produced better quality diffraction data. The wild-type crystals belonged to the monoclinic space group C2 ($a=155.64{\AA}$, $b=44.54{\AA}$, $c=71.53{\AA}$ and ${\beta}=96.39^{\circ}$) and the P28L/Y173F crystals to the monoclinic space group $P2_1$ ($a=71.09{\AA}$, b=52.70, $c=71.52{\AA}$ and ${\beta}=91.49^{\circ}$). The asymmetric unit of both structures contained two molecules of ${\alpha}TS$. Crystal volume per protein mass ($V_m$) and solvent content were $2.15{\AA}^3\;Da^{-1}$ and 42.95% for the wild-type and $2.34{\AA}^3\;Da^{-1}$ and 47.52% for the double mutant.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.5 s.236
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• pp.777-785
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• 2005

The swing motion control problem of a container hanging on the trolly is considered in the paper. In the container crane control problem, suppressing the residual swing motion of the container at the end of acceleration, deceleration or the case of that the unexpected disturbance input exists is main issue. For this problem, in general, many trolley motion control strategies are introduced and applied. In this paper, we introduce and synthesize a swing motion control system in which a small auxiliary mass is installed on the spreader made by ourselves. In this control system, the actuator reacting against the auxiliary mass applies inertial control forces to the container to reduce the swing motion in the desired manner. In many studies, the controllers used to suppress the vibration have been synthesized for the given mathematical model of plants. And, the designers have not been able to utilize the degree of freedom to adjust the structural parameters for the control object. To overcome this problem, so called 'Structure/control Simultaneous Method' is used. In this paper, the simultaneous design method is used to determine the optimum weight of moving mass such that the optimal system performance would be achieved. And the experimental result shows that the proposed control strategy is useful to the case of that the controlled system is exposed to the uncertainties and, robust to the unexpected disturbance inputs.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.177-179
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• 2000

A soft rot of fruits caused by Rhizopus nigricans occurred on peach (Prunus persica var. vulgaris) in The Chinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Marke during in summer season of 2000. The disease infection usually started from wounding after harvest fruits, and then moved to outside. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and rapidly softened and diseased area gradually expanded. In severely infected film house, the rate of infected fruits reached 65.2%. Numerous sporangiospores were produced on the diseased fruits. Most of the sporangiospores were appeared to be readily dispersed in the air. The mycelia grew surface of fruits and produced stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ white cottony at first becoming heavily speckled by the presence of sporangia and the browinish black at maturity, spreading rapidly by means of stolons fired at various points to the substrate by rhizoids. Sporangia were $85.3{\sim}243.5{\times}53.4{\sim}219.2\;{\mu}m$ in size and were globose or sub-globose with. somewhat flattened base. The color of sporangia was white at first and then turned black with many spores, and never over-hanging. Sporangiophores were $8.9{\sim}36.6\;{\mu}m$ in width, smooth-walled, non-septate, light brown, simple, long, arising in groups of $3{\sim}5$ from stolons opposite rhizoids. Sporangiospores was $9.7{\sim}24.8{\times}5.9{\sim}15.8\;{\mu}m$, irregular, round, oval, elongate, angular, and browinish-black streaked. Columella was $70.2{\times}149.7{\mu}m$. brownish gray, and umberella-shaped when dehisced. The causal organism was identified as. Rhizopus nigricans Lind on the basis of the morphiogical characteristics of the fungus. Rhizopus soft rot on peach (Prunus persica) caused by the fungi has not been reported in Korea. This is the first report of rhizopus soft rot on peach caused by Rhizopus nigricans in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 1980

This study was attempted to establish the basic data for evaluating the processing suitability of the mussel, Mytilus edulis, cultured by hanging method in Yeosu Bay, Korea. Seasonal variations in condition index and chemical .composition of the mussel were carried out from March 1978 to February 1979. The results are as follows: 1. The condition index was highest from December to April next year. 2. The glycogen content of mussel was 2.7 to $3.9\%$ from December to May next year and revealed the maximum value, $3.9\%$ in December and March. F and G-values as the condition indices of the mussel showed also the highest value from December to March. 3. The protein content of mussel was highest from July to August. 4. By the results of condition index and chemical composition of the mussel, the suitable harvest season as raw materials for processing is determined to be from December to April next year and from July to August.