• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2012

Ship handling simulator is a virtual ship navigating system with three dimensional screen system and simulation programs. FTS simulation can produce theoretically infinite experiment tests without time constraint, but which results in collecting determinstic observations. RTS simulation can collect statistical observations but has disadvantage of spending at least 30 minutes for a single experiment. The previous studies suggested that the number of experiment conditions to be tested could be reduced to obtain random data with RTS simulation by focusing on highly difficult experiment condition for ship handling. It has the limitation of not estimating the distribution of ship handling difficulty for the route. In this paper, similarity and clustering analysis are suggested for reduction methodology of experiment conditions. Similarity of experiment conditions are measured as follows: euclidean distance of ship handling difficulty index and correlation matrix of distance differences from the designed route. Clustering analysis and multi-dimensional scaling are applied to classify experiment conditions with measured similarity into reducing the number of RTS simulation conditions. An empirical result on Dangin harbor is shown and discussed.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2006

Purpose: The present study explored the effects of education for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs on knowledge and practice in nurses. Method: Data were collected using a single group with pre and posttest design from 59 nurses at medical and surgical wards in C university hospital from April to June 2005. Questionnaires on the knowledge and practice of the guidelines for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs were asked to complete before and after the education. Result: The education improved nurses' knowledge and practice of the guidelines for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs. The knowledge and practice had a significant positive correlation. Conclusion: These findings show that the education for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs improved the knowledge and practice of nurses. As the knowledge of the guidelines for safe handling of cytotoxic drugs makes a positive association with the practice, it is thought to be required to enhance the education program for nurses.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 1996

Handling the manufacured goods is the most cost-consuming task in material handling system in wooden furniture industries. Fully automated warehouse for cartoned goods of a furniture manufacturing company was analized to provide plant engineers and managers with some important informations on the utility and profitability of the automated storage and retrieval system(AS/RS). Process-oriented simulation modeling tech-niques were used to describe the system and to propose some alternatives to promote the efficiency of AS/RS. Simulation report could be inter-preted as follows: 1. Warehouse for the furniture goods must be designed in accordance with reliable material handling program and constructed with suitable equipments depending on the specification of packed products. 2. An excess of palletized products induced the indigestion and the inefficiency of AS/RS of the furniture industry and put this high-costly system into the shade. 3. Overcrowded AS/RS of the furniture factories could regain its material handling function by cutting down the deposit of products into the automated warehouse. For this purpose, reducing the regular output and direct delivering the outside products to the destination should be considered as the definite counterplan. And additional operation of conventional handy warehouse was also expected to improve the efficiency of main AS/RS.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.622-629
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• 2007

Compact semi-center type automotive air handling system(AHS) is developed in this study and it's performance is compared with the conventional 3-pieces type air hand-ling system. The pressure drop is measured at component level and system level, and air flow rate and air distribution of discharge air through each ducts from air handling system are measured. System level characteristics of pressure drop at face and windshield discharge mode and air flow rate are investigated, and also temperature control linearities are tested. The volume of the air handling system package is reduced about 20%. And air flow rate increase about 5 to 20% compared to the conventional 3-pieces type air handling system at each discharge mode with significantly improved air pressure drop both component and system level. Also, air distribution and temperature controllability meet to evaluation criteria.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2002

In the field of plant maintenance, data that are gathered by sensors on multiple machines are handled and analyzed. Online or pseudo online data handling is required on such fields. When the data occurrence speed exceeds the data handling speed, multiple data should be handled at a time (batch data handling or pseudo online data handling). If l amount of data are received at one time following N amount of data, how to estimate the new parameters effectively is a great concern. A new simplified calculation method, which calculates the N data's weights, is introduced. Numerical examples show that this new method has a fairly god estimation accuracy and the calculation time is less than 1/10 compared with the case when the whole data are re-calculated. Even under the restriction calculation ability in the apparatus is limited, this proposed method makes the failure detection of equipments possible in early stages with a few new coming data. This method would be applicable in many data handling fields.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2002

컨테이너 처리량(CHC)은 항만의 능력을 나타내는 중요한 지표다. 그러나 중국항만의 컨테이너 처리능력에 대한 연구는 부족하며, 연구결과 또한 예측치와 실제치와의 차이가 크다. 이는 컨테이너처리량이 다양한 경제적인 측면을 내포하고 있고 예측모델의 선택이 매우 어렵다는데 기인한다. 대체로 지금까지 사용되어왔던 회귀분석, 신경망분석 등은 과거행태모델을 벗어나지 못하고 있어 경제체제나 항만물동량의 동태적변화에 대한 고려가 결여되어 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 동태적 보정인과모델을 사용한 동태적 예측법을 사용해 보았고 그 결과 보다 신뢰성이 높고 현실성이 있는 연구결과를 도출할 수 있었다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.184-190
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• 2006

It is requested to be evaluated whether environmental change in marine traffic passage by maintenance work affect ship handling, safety, when re-design of traffic passage is planned. In the maintenance work, it is also important to evaluate the change of risk and also benefits. However, in a current evaluation index, it is difficult to evaluate the benefit. The recently developed safety index that is led by employing the Unsafe Ship-handling situations model (US-model) is able to estimate risk level of marine accident in a process of a ship handling. We have already reported the relation of the ratio of 10-3 in harbors (Yokohama, Kobe, and Osaka in Japan) [1]. In this study, we acquired the relation of the ratio between the US value and the marine accident at a narrow waterway; Kurushima Strait in Japan, using a ship handling simulator. And we experimented to estimate a marine accident reduction achieved by the maintenance work of the altered shape of passage.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1991

This paper aims to determining the optimal capacity of Pusan port in view point of Container Physical Distribution cost. It has been established a coast model of the container physical distribution system in Pusan port is composed of 4 sub-systems and in-land transport system. Cargo handling system, transfer & storage system and in-land transport system, and analyzed the cost model of the system. From this analysis, we found that the system had 7 routes including in-land transport by rail or road and coastal transport by feeder ship between Pusan port and cargo owner's door. Though railway transport cost was relatively cheap, but, it was limited to choose railway transport routes due to the introducing of transport cargo allocation practice caused by shortage of railway transport capacity. The physical distribution ost for total import & export container through Pusan port was composed of 4.47% in port entring cost, 12.98% in cargo handling cost, 7.44% in transfer & storage cost and 75.11% in in-land transport cost. Investigation in case of BCTOC verified the results as follows. 1) The optimal level of one time cargo handling was verified 236VAN (377TEU) and annual optimal handling capacity was calculated in 516, 840VAN(826, 944TEU) where berth occupancy is $\rho$=0.6 when regardless of port congestion cost, 2) The optimal level of one time cargo handling was verified 252VAN (403TEU) and annual optimal handling capacity was calculated in 502, 110VAN (803, 376TEU) where berth occupancy is $\rho$=0.58 when considering of port congestion cost.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2004

국내 석탄화력발전에서 발생되는 바닥재 재활용의 경제성을 평가하고자 신설 500 MW${\times}$2기 유연탄 화력발전설비를 대상으로 바닥재 재활용이 가능한 건식처리시스템 도입의 경제성을 충수중력식 습식처리시스템과 비교하여 검토하였다. 신규발전설비에 건식처리시스템 도입 시 시설투자비는 습식처리시스템의 약 150% 수준으로 초기투자비는 더 소요되나, 바닥재 재활용을 통한 판매이익을 고려한 연간시설운영비는 습식처리시스템의 약 17%까지 절감되는 것으로 예측하였다. 이를 기초로 경제성 분석을 수행한 결과 건식처리시스템 도입 시 추가로 소요되는 초기투자비는 4.8년에 회수가 가능하며 투자이익률은 21.1%로 평가되었다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2021

The article assesses the level of navigation safety, in theoretical terms, defines the complexity of managing navigational risks in practice. The issues of assessing the navigational safety have been studied due to the importance and relevance of the issue in question, however, due to the great complexity of the problem under consideration, the article considers and indicates the directions for the development of the solution of the given direction, where, first of all, it became necessary to analyze the issue of assessing the levels of navigation risks when navigating vessels of various types in difficult navigation conditions.