• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.777-787
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• 2018

Objective To examine the long-term effects of the low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) combined with task-specific training on paretic hand function following subacute stroke. Methods Sixteen participants were randomly selected and grouped into two: the experimental group (real LF-rTMS) and the control group (sham LF-rTMS). All the 16 participants were then taken through a 1-hour task-specific training of the paretic hand. The corticospinal excitability (motor evoke potential [MEP] amplitude) of the non-lesioned hemisphere, and the paretic hand performance (Wolf Motor Function Test total movement time [WMFT-TMT]) were evaluated at baseline, after the LF-rTMS, immediately after task-specific training, 1 and 2 weeks after the training. Results Groups comparisons showed a significant difference in the MEP after LF-rTMS and after the training. Compared to the baseline, the MEP of the experimental group significantly decreased after LF-rTMS and after the training and that effect was maintained for 2 weeks. Group comparisons showed significant difference in WMFT-TMT after the training. Only in the experimental group, the WMFT-TMT of the can lifting item significantly reduced compared to the baseline and the effect was sustained for 2 weeks. Conclusion The results of this study established that the improvement in paretic hand after task-specific training was enhanced by LF-rTMS and it persisted for at least 2 weeks.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.731-743
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• 2022

This study examined the effects of platforms' attributes(economy, convenience, ease of use, and security) on perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, trust, and the continuance intention to use. Data were collected through a survey conducted with 327 users of second-hand luxury goods trading platforms in their twenties and thirties; 300 were used for statistical analysis using SPSS26.0 for exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis, and AMOS 26.0 for confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. For the attributes of second-hand luxury goods trading platforms, four factors were extracted: economy, convenience, ease of use and security. The results showed that only the security of second-hand luxury goods platforms had a positive effect on the perceived usefulness of the platform, but other attributes did not influence perceived usefulness. In contrast, all attributes of the platform showed positive effects on perceived enjoyment. Perceived enjoyment had a strong effect on trust; however, perceived usefulness did not affect trust. The continuance intention to use the platforms was most influenced by perceived usefulness, trust, and perceived enjoyment, in that order. The current findings can help marketers of second-hand luxury goods platforms optimize the platforms' attributes based on the marketing objectives and develop strategies to build perceived usefulness and enjoyment first, and in turn, trust and intention to use.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was done for the purpose of testing the effects of hand moxibustion on pain in the knee joint, range of motion of the knee, and discomfort during ADL in elderly persons with knee joint pain. Method: Nonequivalent control group pre-post test research design was used. The participants were 35 elders who had knee joint pain. Sixteen were assigned to the experimental group and 19 to the control group. The instruments used for this study were the CRS (Graphic rating scale) for knee joint pain, goniometer for knee joint ROM, and modified ADL questionnaire developed by Lee. Analysis of data was done by percents, means and standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS WIN 10.0. Result: The pain score for the right knee joint after hand moxibustion was significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after hand moxibustion (p=.035). The pain score for the left knee joint was not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after hand moxibustion (p=.075). Right and left knee ROM scores were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after hand moxibustion (Right p=.000, Left p=.034). Discomfort of ADL score was not significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after hand moxibustion (p=.053). Conclusion: In summary, knee joint pain in elders after hand moxibustion decreased and knee ROM in elders after hand moxibustion increased. So it would be useful for nurses to provide hand moxibustion as an alternative therapy to elders with knee joint pain in the community and thus reduce joint pain and increase knee ROM.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.316-329
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to exame the effectiveness of the hand massage as an independent nursing intervention for the cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. The data were collected with quasiexperimental research design from 40 subjects-20 for experimental group and 20 for control group-of the radiation oncology department of one university hospital in Seoul from January 10th to March 29th, 1994. Subjects agreed to participate in this study and ranged in age from 18 to 82 years with mean age of 52.63. They had insight of their disease and had undergone radiotherapy at least twice. The hand massage developed by Mariah Snyder (1993) based on the Swedish Massage was administered to the experimental group prior to having radiation therapy at the waiting place of radiotherapy room. Hand massage was given to each hand of patient for five minutes once a day. Measurement of the patient's blood pressure, pulse rate, state anxiety and mood were done before and after the administration of hand massage for 5 days. The data were analyzed with paired t-test, t-test an4 the results were summarized as follows ; 1. After administration of the hand massage, the diastolic blood pressure of experimental group was decreased significantly, while the systolic blood pressure and the pulse rate were decreased, but not significantaly. 2. In the experimental group, the level of anxiety was significantaly lower than control group. The mean scores of the difference of the anxiety level after having hand massage was 8.60 in the experimental group and 0.75 in the control group. 3. The difference of the mood scores before and after the massage in the experimental group was decreased significantly. The mean mood score was decreased 4.80 in the experimental group as compared with 2.02 in the control group. 4. The patients after having the hand massage expressed subjectively their feeling of relaxation, well - being and being enjoyable, the significant decreased of physical symptoms and anxiety. The findings summarized that the use of the hand massage for the cancer patient undergoing radiation therapy Produced significant changes in the level of anxiety and relaxation. Therefore it is recommended to use the hand massage as an intervention for the patients.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2007

In this study, six grip spans (45mm-65mm) were tested to evaluate the effects of handle grip span and user's hand size on maximum grip strength, individual finger force, and subjective ratings of comfort using a digital dynamometer with individual force sensors. Forty-six males were assigned into three hand size groups according to their hand lengths. Results showed that overall 55mm and 50mm grip spans were the most comfortable sizes and associated with the highest grip strength in the maximum grip force exertions, whereas 65mm grip span was rated as the least comfortable size as well as the lowest grip strength. In the interaction effect of grip span and hand size, small and middle hand sized participants rated the best preference and the least preference grip spans differently with large hand sized participants. With respect to the analysis of individual finger force, the middle finger force was the strongest and the highest contribution to the total finger force, followed by ring, index and little fingers. In addition, it was noted that each finger had a different optimal grip span for exerting maximum force resulting in a bowed contoured shaped handle for two-handle hand tools. Thus, the grip spans for two-handle hand tools might be designed according to the users' hand and finger anthropometrics to maximize performance and subjective perception of comfort.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of aroma hand massage and hand massage on sleep disturbance and depression in hospitalized elderly patients. The study was performed using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The data was collected by using questionnaires and the measured values from 1 June to 31 August, 2006. The subjects who were admitted to the B Medical Center Hospital in Busan. A total of 40 subjects were selected : 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The aroma hand massage was administered to the experimental group, and hand massage was given to the control group. The experimental group were applied the aroma hand massage executed by methods such as effleurage, circling, pressing, etc. to both hands using a solution diluting six drops of lavender oil, and bergamot oil, 3% in jojoba oil 20 cc. In the experimental group, aroma hand massage was given for 10 minutes, three times a week, during 2 weeks. The control group receiving the hand massage was given the massage for 10 minutes every two days for 2 weeks. The result of the study are as follows : 1) The first hypothesis : "The Experimental group would have a higher degree of sleep score than the control group" was supported(F=31.798, p=p<0.001). 2) The second hypothesis : "The Experimental group would have a lower degree of depression score than the control group" was supported(F=21.743, p<0.001). Aroma hand massage is an effective nursing intervention for decreased sleep disturbance and depression. Therefore, aroma hand massage by nursing intervention is strongly recommended for improving psychological and physiological functions in hospitalized elderly patients.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of variability of training on the acquisition of motor skill of closed loop type tracking task using Rotary Pursuit, and to determine if there was a bilateral transfer effect to the non-dominant hand following practice with the dominant hand. Twelve healthy volunteer students (5 males and 7 females, aged 25 to 37) were randomly divided into a constant practice group and a variable practice group. A photoelectric rotary pursuit apparatus with stop clock and repeat cycle timer by Lafayette Instrumentation Co. was used for this study. Rotary pursuit is a closed loop task in which a subject attempts to keep a photoelectric stylus on a lighted target in motion. Subjects performed the clockwise circular pursuit task while standing. Experimental procedure was divided into three sessions, namely, pre-test, training, and post-test. The constant group practiced all 60 trials at 30 rpm. Variable practice group did a varied practice session with 15 trials at speeds of 20 rpm, 26 rpm, 34 rpm, and 46 rpm. No one in either group practiced with their non-dominant arm. A Mann-Whitney test and a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were used for statistical analyses. The results of this study showed no different training effect between groups on the post-test with the dominant hand. However, bilateral transfer effect of rotary pursuit task between hands was demonstrated. Possible mechanisms are discussed.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2016

Objective:The aims of this study are to understand the effects of task (pushing, pulling, and clockwise and counter clockwise twisting) direction on the maximal output and their grip forces and to explore the relationship between the maximal output and the grip forces. Background: Knowing the normative maximal grip force is not enough to design a good hand tool. The industrial designers should understand the required grip forces in various motions toward a specific direction to make an effective and efficient hand tool. Method: Eighteen healthy volunteers participated in the series of isometric maximal output force tests. A custom-made force measuring equipment collected the output and the grip forces for three seconds. Force measurements along the vertical, coronal and sagittal axes were randomly repeated three times. Results: The pulling was strongest and the pushing was weakest in all directions. The effect of motion on the output forces varied in different directions. The corresponding grip force increased in the order of pushing, pulling, clockwise twisting, and counter clockwise twisting in all directions. The maximal output and their grip forces were highly correlated but the relationship was affected by motion and direction. The regression coefficient was greatest in pulling and smallest in clockwise twisting. Conclusion: The effect of motion on the output forces varied in different directions. The maximal output and their grip forces were correlated but the relationship was affected by motion and direction. Application: Findings of this study can be valuable information for industrial designers to develop more productive hand tools and work stations to help preventing the musculoskeletal disorders at work.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2014

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 CPM (Continuous Passive Motion)을 뇌졸중 환자의 손 기능 및 수부 근력 재활에 사용하고 그 영향을 살펴보는데 있다. 연구방법 : 본 연구의 대상자는 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 증상을 가진, Brunnstrom 4-6단계에 해당하는 치료후 18개월 이내의 급성기 환자 3명이다 연구방법은 3명의 대상자에 대하여 단일사례 (A-B) 실험설계를 사용하였으며 CPM의 영향을 검사하기 위해 젭슨수지기능, 퍼듀페그보드, 수부근력 세 가지를 측정하였다. CPM 적용기간은 3주였으며, 적용회수는 하루 2회, 매회 20분씩, 총 30회기였다. 연구결과: 수부근력 측정 중 손끝잡기에서 대상자 2명의 값이 변화가 없었다. 그 외의 젭슨수지기능, 퍼듀페그보드, 수부근력 검사에서는 CPM 적용 후의 검사 결과가 향상되었다. 결과의 유효성 검증을 위하여 비모수적 통계방법인 Wilcoxon signed ranks test를 실시한 결과 모든 항목에 대한 P-Value가 0. 05 보다 큰 값이 나와 처치 전 후 값의 차이가 통계적으로는 유의미하지 않다는 결과를 얻었다. 결론: 참여 대상자 수가 적고 프로그램 적용 기간이 짧은 제한점이 있으나, 수부 재활을 위해 실시한 CPM이 연구대상자 전원의 손 기능 및 근력 향상에 영향을 주었다는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 주로 하지 기능과 근력 향상을 위해 사용되는 CPM이 급성기 뇌졸중 환자의 수부 치료에도 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of marital conflicts perceived by fathers on preschoolers' behavior problems, and to investigate the mediating effect of paternal child rearing behavior. This study used survey data on 4 year-old infants which was conducted in 2012(5th year) by KICCE. Correlation analysis and structural equation were conducted using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23 for the data analysis, and the results of this study are as follows. First, marital conflicts perceived by fathers and preschoolers behavior problems showed a positive correlation, and they especially showed a greater positive correlation with offensive behavior, anxiety/depression, and other problems. On the other hand, it was identified that paternal child rearing behavior has a negative correlation with marital conflict and preschoolers' behavior problems when paternal child rearing behavior is compassionate and dominant. Secondly, it was identified that warm parenting behavior of fathers mediates the effect of marital conflicts on preschoolers' behavior problems. However, it was verified that the mediating effect of controlling parenting behavior is not significant. On the other hand, it was identified that the mediating effect of warm parenting behavior of fathers has a greater effect on internalized problems than external problems.