• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.60-72
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to measure the change in evacuation time at high schools according to the change in hallway width using an evacuation simulation program and to analyze the result of such change. In order to measure the evacuation time according to the change in the hallway width according to the 「Rules on the Standards for Evacuation and Fire Protection Structures of Buildings」 and to analyze the change in evacuation time resulted from the increase in the number of occupants, a scenario was constructed by applying the 「performance-oriented design method and standard for firefighting facilities, etc.」. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the evacuation time was the shortest when the width of the hallway was the widest, which was 3m. On the other hand, the evacuation time took the longest at 1.8m, which was the width of the second narrowest hallway. For the safety of high school students who spend a lot of time at school, it is necessary to secure a wide hallway width when building a new school or to provide periodic safety education in the case of an existing school whose hallways are considered narrow.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information regarding the planning of lounge and hallway areas for skilled nursing facilities for the elderly, given that residents spend much of their time in these areas. This study examined Korean elderly residents' occupancy and behavior in lounges and hallways in order to analyze how plan type, spatial composition, and equipment affect residents. To do this, observations were conducted in five facilities that were provided to the elderly at no charge. Results indicate that a central garden offers a wide hallway area that can be used not only for strolling but also for list of activities; at the same time, it can reduce the overall rate of inactivity. A shorter distance between the lounge and hallway on the opposite side is likely to help better disperse residents' throughout the facility. Hallway corners have potential for activities that may require sofas, tables, or equipment for individual activities; they could also be used for planned interaction programs or unplanned collaboration on the part of small groups of residents.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2010

This paper presents a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) of an indoor hallway environment using Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) along with a line segment as a landmark. Based on the fact that fluent line features can be extracted around the ceiling and side walls of hallway using vision sensor, a horizontal line segment is extracted from an edge image using Hough transform and is also tracked continuously by an optical flow method. A successive observation of a line segment gives initial state of the line in 3D space. For data association, registered feature and observed feature are matched in image space through a degree of overlap, an orientation of line, and a distance between two lines. Experiments show that a compact environmental map can be constructed with small number of horizontal line features in real-time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.92-93
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• 2021

In the case of medical facilities, the evacuation time is delayed due to the decrease in the number of people in the hallway and exits due to the increase in the width of evacuation by using mobile beds, wheelchairs, crutches, etc. Accordingly, it is considered to secure evacuation capacity to reduce evacuation time according to corridor width and exit width. Accordingly, we would like to compare the standards related to the evacuation capacity of medical facilities in Korea and NFPA, derive differences, and use evacuation simulations to compare evacuation times according to changes in corridor width and exit width. In Korea, it is calculated based on the floor area by use, but in the case of NFPA 101, the number of evacuation routes, stair width, corridor exit width, and two-way door width was stipulated depending on the number of people. Using evacuation simulation, efficient evacuation capacity is calculated according to the reduction of evacuation time by changing the width of the hallway, changing the width of the exit, the width of the corridor, and the width of the exit. The evacuation simulation is intended to be used to secure evacuation safety of domestic medical facilities by calculating the effective evacuation time reduction by changing the width of the hallway and exit.

• Korean Architects
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• 통권628호
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• pp.110-111
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• 2021

• Journal of architectural history
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2019

The Fisher House, the first Korean Legation in the USA was located at 1513 O Street in Washington, D.C. This house was a three-story brick building with a height of 12.2m(8.84m up to the eaves) and a mansard roof. Facing the street, it is 7.32m (24 feet) wide and 23.6m(77.4 feet) depth. There is a long hallway after the entrance and a parlor with a grand fireplace next to it. This long hallway leads to a central hallway with another fireplace and a central staircase connecting the 2nd and 3rd floors. After the stairs a dining room is with a fireplace in the middle, which then leads to a pantry for dishes and the kitchen. It can also be argued that The Fisher House was the first Western-style residence for Koreans who were officially dispatched from the government. On the other hand, when living in The Fisher House, Park Jung-yang, who was sent on the three premises of the Yeonjak, directly experienced how the United States sought independence from the U.K. through the Declaration of Independence, Mount Vernon, the Washington monument, the Arlington National Cemetery, and battlefields. Even though he was summoned back to Korea by China in less than a year, Park Jung-yang actively supported the independence movement when he became acting prime minister in 1896. In this regard, The Fisher House arguably is the birthplace of Korea's independence movement.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.936-942
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• 2019

Autonomous driving of drone indoor must move along a narrow path and overcome other factors such as lighting, topographic characteristics, obstacles. In addition, it is difficult to operate the drone in the hallway because of insufficient texture and the lack of its diversity comparing with the complicated environment. In this paper, we study an autonomous drone navigation using Convolution Neural Network(CNN) in indoor environment. The proposed method receives an image from the front camera of the drone and then steers the drone by predicting the next path based on the image. As a result of a total of 38 autonomous drone navigation tests, it was confirmed that a drone was successfully navigating in the indoor environment by the proposed method without hitting the walls or doors in the hallway.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

Though Korea and China have a lot of things in common, these two countries have developed different housing style. However, after modernization, apartments have become major housing style in both Korea and China. So this research analyzed 240 apartment plans which was build in Seoul and Beijing in 2000s and 2010s to predict the future trends for apartments. The results are as follows: The opening direction of the front door will be outwards as the hallway space of small apartments in China become wider as the living standards is increasing. Because of the floor sitting lifestyle, Koreans end outdoor activities when take off their shoes at the entrance hall and continue for indoor activities, they separate entrance hall from livingroom. However, because Chinese have chair sitting lifestyle, entrance hall and livingroom is not divided. Korean apartment shows a trend which connects livingroom, diningroom and kitchen altogether; however, Chinese apartment shows a trend which separates kitchen from livingroom and diningroom. Bedrooms are showing a trend of distributed layout. Master bedroom are showing a trend which includes separate bathroom or attached room as the size of apartment increases and so on.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.520-532
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• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess energy expenditure and metabolic cost (METs) of walking activities of college students and to compare treadmill based walking with self-selected hallway walking. Methods: Thirty subjects (mean age $23.4{\pm}1.6years$) completed eight walking activities. Five treadmill walking activities (TW2.4, TW3.2, TW4.0, TW4.8, TW5.6) were followed by three self-selected hallway walking activities, namely, walk as if you were walking and talking with a friend: HWL (leisurely), walk as if you were hurrying across the street at a cross-walk: HWB (brisk) and walk as fast as you can but do not run: HWF (fast) were performed by each subject. Energy expenditure was measured using a portable metabolic system and accelerometers. Results: Except for HWF (fast) activity, energy expenditures of all other walking activities measured were higher in male than in female subjects. The lowest energy expenditure and METs were observed in TW2.4 ($3.65{\pm}0.84kcal/min$ and $2.88{\pm}0.26METs$ in male), HWL (leisurely) ($2.85{\pm}0.70kcal/min$ and $3.20{\pm}0.57METs$ in female), and the highest rates were observed in HWF (fast) ($7.72{\pm}2.81kcal/min$, $5.84{\pm}1.84METs$ in male, $6.65{\pm}1.57kcal/min$, $7.13{\pm}0.68METs$ in female). Regarding the comparison of treadmill-based walking activities and self-selected walking, the energy expenditure of HWL (leisurely) was not significantly different from that of TW2.4. In case of male, no significant difference was observed between energy costs of HWB (brisk), HWF (fast) and TW5.6 activities, whereas in female, energy expenditures during HWB (brisk) and HWF (fast) were significantly different from that of TW5.6. Conclusions: In this study, we observed that energy expenditure from self-selected walking activities of college students was comparable with treadmill-based activities at specific speeds. Our results suggested that a practicing leisurely or brisk walking for a minimum of 150 minutes per week by both male and female college students enable them to meet recommendations from the Physical activity guide for Koreans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental characteristics of Hansung Girls' Middle & High School located on the northern slope of Mt. Naksan in Seoul but sited at different aspects. The measured temperature and illumination in March, July and December were analysed. The proportion of window size and questionaries were used also. The results of observation are as follows: (1) The temperature of the southward classrooms was $3.6^{\circ}C$ higher than eastward or westward classrooms in March, but the difference of the both values in July were only $0.3^{\circ}C$ in the average. (2) The temperatures in December decreased in the order of aspects: southward, westward and eastward. (3) The highest values for illumination appeared in the classroom faced to the south and the values decreased from westward to eastward. (4) Temperatures and illumination were varied not only with the aspect but also with the number of story and the proportion of the window size. However, the heating facilities and illuminators are installed evenly without considering the condition of the buildings. The heating facilities should be installed differently according to the direction and height of the story of the building. The heating facilities should be installed sparsely for the classrooms faced southward, and more densely near the hallway side to achieve satisfaction of students and to save expenses of heating. It will be better that electric power switches for window side have to be set separately from hallway side. Improvement of the condition of illumination and temperatures will help students to promote their health and learning.