• 제목/요약/키워드: Half-time

검색결과 2,587건 처리시간 0.036초

소프트 리얼타임 기반의 네트웍 인터럽트 처리에 관한 연구 (A study on advanced network interrupt processing based on soft real-time)

  • 김정섭;이대성;김기창
    • 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보과학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.29 No.2 (1)
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    • pp.433-435
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    • 2002
  • 최근 real-time 시스템들이 많이 개발되어 상용화되고 있고, 여러 산업분야에 적용되고 있다. 한편 리눅스 운영체제의 사용이 증가하고 안정화됨에 따라, 이 시스템에 real-time 기능을 추가하기 위한 노력으로 여러 프로젝트가 진행 중에 있다. 이 가운데 시스템간에 네트웍 패킷을 송수신하고 이를 처리하는 과정에 대해 본 논문은 soft real-time을 적응하고자 한다. 기존 방식은 TOP HALF와 BOTTOM HALF로 인터럽트 처리과정을 나누어 BOTTOM HALF의 크기와 시스템 콜의 사용 빈도에 비례하여 종료시간을 예측할 수 없다. 이에 본 논문에서는 real-time 네트웍 패킷을 좀더 신속히 처리할 수 있도록 네트웍 인터럽트 처리 방안을 소개하고자 한다.

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게이트심장혈액풀 스캔에서 Half-Time 획득 인자 적용에 따른 임상적 유용성 평가 (The Evaluation of Clinical Usefulness on Application of Half-Time Acquisition Factor in Gated Cardiac Blood Pool Scan)

  • 이동훈;유희재;이종훈;정우영
    • 핵의학기술
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.192-198
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: The scan time reduction helps to yield more accurate results and induce the minimization of patient's motion. Also we can expect that satisfaction of examination will increase. Nowdays medical equipment companies have developed various programs to reduce scan time. We used Onco. Flash (Pixon method, SIEMENS) that is an image processing technique gated cardiac blood pool scan and going to evaluate its clinical usefullness. Materials and Method: We analyzed the 50 patients who were examined by gated blood pool scan in nuclear medicine department of Asan Mediacal Center from June $20^{th}$ 2008 to August $14^{th}$ 2008. We acquired the Full-time (6000 Kcounts) and Half-time (3000 Kcounts) LAO image in same position. And we acquired LVEF values ten times from Full-time, Half-time images acquired by the image processing technique and analyzed its mean and standard deviation values. To estimate LVEF in same conditions, we set automatic location of the LV ROI and background ROI based on same X and Y-axis. Also we performed blinding tests to physician. Results: After making a quantitative analysis of the 50 patients EF values, each mean${\pm}$standard deviation is shown at Full-time image $68.12{\pm}7.84%$, Half- time (acquired by imaging processing technique) $68.49{\pm}8.73%$. In the 95% confidence limit, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). After blinding test with a physician for making a qualitative analysis, there was no difference between Full-time image and Half-time image acquired by the image processing technique for observing LV myocardial wall motion. Conclusion: Gated cardiac blood pool scan has been reported its relatively exact EF measured results than ultrasound or CT. But gated cardiac blood pool scan takes relatively longer time than other exams and now it needs to improve time competitive power. If we adapt Half-time technique to gated cardiac blood pool scintigraphy based on this study, we expect to reduce possible artifacts and improve accessibility as well as flexibility to exam. Also we expect patient's satisfaction.

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UV 차단렌즈의 제작에서 광 투과율 Edge 및 Half Point의 Dippy 시간의존성 (Dippy Time Dependence of Transmittance Edge and Half Point in the UV cut lens' manufacture)

  • 김용근
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.101-105
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    • 2001
  • UV 차단 렌즈 UV solution을 이용한 dip method로 제작하여 광 투과율과 광 반사율을 측정하였다. 광 투과율의 half point 파장 및 edge 파장이 dip 시간의 존성인 exponetial decay형식에 잘 적용되었다. $$W=W_0+A_1{e}{x}{p}[-(x-x_1)/t_1]$$ 광 투과율의 half point 파장은 358 nm 에서 408 nm로 이용하였고, edge 파장은 340 nm에서 398 nm로 이동하였다. 광 반사율 주 peak 380 nm는 dip 시간이 클수록 세기는 작아지고 장파장 쪽으로 이동하였으며, dip 시간 10분에서 UV solution의 성분 peak가 나타나기 시작하였다.

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Sputter etching에 의한 각종 섬유의 대전방지에 관한 연구 (A Study of Anti-Static Property of Several Fibers Treated with Sputter Etching)

  • Kim, Yong Hae;Koo, Bon Sik;Cho, Yeun Chung;Koo, Kang;Son, Tae Won
    • 한국염색가공학회지
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    • 제9권6호
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 1997
  • In order to improve the anti-static property of several hydrophobic fibers by sputter etching, polyester, polypropylene and poly(p-phenylene sulfide) have been etched by sputtering in the presence of argon gas and the resulting anti-static property investigated by half time decay, the time of water permeation, weight loss rate and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The temporary change and durability of anti-static property of samples treated with sputter etching were evaluated. The results were as follows; 1) Half time decay of samples treated with sputter etching were decreased about 18~38%. According to increasing sputter etching time, half time decay is decreased. 2) The wettability and weight loss rate of treated samples were increased remarkably. According to the SEM photographs, many microcraters on the substrate surface by the sputter etching were observed. 3) Although the washing treatment and the time elapsed after treatment are allowed longer, the variation of half time decay hardly can find.

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간담도질환(肝膽道疾患)에 있어서 $^{131}I$-Rose Bengal 및 $^{198}Au$ 교질(膠質)의 혈중소실율(血中消失率)의 진단적(診斷的) 의의(意義)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Diagnostic Significance of the Blood Disappearance Rate of $^{131}I$-Rose Bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid in Hepatobiliary Diseases)

  • 전영균;고창순;한심석
    • 대한핵의학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.7-18
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    • 1971
  • The liver function test was performed by means of two radioisotope tracer techniques in 20 normal subjects and in 63 patients with hepatobiliary diseases. The blood disappearance rates of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid were determined by external counting method. The hepatocellular function and the hepatic blood flow were estimated from the observed data and the results were compared with those of the conventional liver function tests. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal was $6.6{\pm}0.63$ minutes in normal control, $17.7{\pm}6.93$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $16.6{\pm}4.80$ in acute hepatitis, and $14.7{\pm}3.46$ in obstructive jaundice. It was markedly prolonged in the hepatobiliary diseases as compared with the normal control, but there was no significant difference among the hepatobiliary diseases. 2. The mean blood disappearance half time of $^{198}Au$ colloid was $4.0{\pm}0.66$ minutes in normal control, $9.8{\pm}3.42$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $4.4{\pm}0.82$ in acute hepatitis, and $5.0{\pm}1.42$ in obstructive jaundice. The difference between cirrhosis of the liver and normal control Was statistically significant. However, there was no definite difference among acute hepatitis, obstructive jaundice, and normal control. The mean blood disappearance rate constant (K value) was $0.177{\pm}0.028/minute$ in normal control. In cirrhosis of the liver, it was markedly decreased which was suggestive of the reduced hepatic blood flow. 3. The ratio of $^{131}I$-rose bengal blood disappearance half time to $^{198}Au$ colloid disappearance half time was $1.68{\pm}0.20$ in normal control, $1.82{\pm}0.31$ in cirrhosis of the liver, $3.80{\pm}0.82$ in acute hepatitis, and $3.01{\pm}0.54$ in obstructive jaundice. The ratios in acute hepatitis and obstructive jaundice were remarkably higher than those in normal control and cirrhosis of the liver. 4. There was a significant correlation between the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and that of $^{198}Au$ colloid in cirrhosis of the liver. 5. In cirrhosis of the liver, the blood disappearance half times of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and of $^{198}Au$ colloid were inversely correlated to the serum albumin level. In acute hepatitis, there was a good positive correlation between the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal and the serum transaminase activities. In obstructive jaundice, the blood disappearance half time of $^{131}I$-rose bengal was correlated to the serum bilirubin level.

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A Permeability Measurement of Small Unilamellar Vesicles by 6-Carboxyfluorescein$^*$

  • Lee, Choong-Hee;Choi, Myung-Un
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.154-158
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    • 1984
  • In order to characterize the permeability of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV), efflux of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-CF) from the vesicles was monitored spectrophotofluorometrically. Since the entrapped highly quenched 6-CF (200 mM) became fluorescent upon release from the vesicles, the 6-CF could be used as an efflux probe. SUV containing entrapped 6-CF was prepared from egg phosphatidylcholine and separated by gel filtration on Sepharose 4B. Observed change of relative fluorescent intensity with time was sigmoidal. From this curve, the parameter of permeability was determined either by half-time or a released amount per unit time from the initial slope. Half-time of efflux of prepared SUV having 302 ng phospholipid/ml in 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.4 was 21.0 min at $37{\circ}C$. Various factors which could affect the half-time were examined including temperature, pH, salt, and vesicle concentration. In particular the effect of vesicle concentration on the efflux revealed that the permeability can be a function of the concentration.

고용량 방사성옥소 치료를 받은 갑상선분화암 환자에서 Dual Time I-131 Whole Body Scan을 이용한 유효반감기의 측정 (Measurement of Effective Half-life Using Dual Time I-131 Whole Body Scan in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated by High Dose Therapy)

  • 윤재식;이재곤;이기현;임광석;최학기;이상미
    • 핵의학기술
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.98-103
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    • 2014
  • 갑상선 분화암 환자의 방사선 치료에서 I-131의 유효반감기는 환자에게 투여하는 양의 계산뿐만 아니라 환자의 격리 입원기간의 결정, 환자로부터 가족들이 받게 되는 선량을 계산하는데 유용한 값이다. 하지만 이 값은 물리적반감기와는 달리 실측을 해야만 얻을 수 있어 입원 격리중인 환자에게 계측하기가 기술적으로 어려운 문제가 있다. Dual time I-131 whole body scan의 초기촬영과 지연촬영 사이의 체내잔류방사능량을 이용하여 전신과 갑상선에 유효반감기를 추정해 보았다. 또한 혈중 크레아티닌 농도, GFR, 투여량이 유효반감기와 상관관계가 있는지 알아보았다. 유효반감기 측정을 위해 전신에 체내잔류방사능량과 갑상선의 잔류방사능량을 측정하기 위해 환자의 전신을 흥미영역으로 설정한 후 배후방사능을 보정하여 전신의 체내잔류방사능량을 획득하였고, 갑상선 부위에 ROI를 설정한 후 배후 방사능을 보정하여 갑상선의 잔류방사능량을 획득하였다. 초기영상과 지연영상의 측정값 사이의 비율을 계산하여 전신과 갑상선의 유효반감기를 구하였다. 또한 유효반감기와 GFR, 혈중크레아티닌 농도, I-131 투여량과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 전신의 체내잔류방사능량을 측정한 값의 유효반감기는 $17.06{\pm}5.50$시간으로 나타났고 갑상선의 잔류방사능량을 측정한 값의 유효반감기는 $17.22{\pm}5.41$시간으로 나타났으며 두 유효반감기는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P=0.887). GFR 값이 올라갈수록 전신의 유효반감기(r=-0.407, P=0.003)와 갑상선 유효반감기(r=-0.473, P=0.001) 모두 유의하게 감소하였으며 혈중크레아티닌 농도가 올라갈수록 전신의 유효반감기(r=0.309, P=0.029)와 갑상선 유효반감기(r=0.371, P=0.008) 모두 유의하게 증가하였다. 투여량은 두유효반감기와 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구를 통해 고용량 방사성요오드 치료환자 입원기간의 최적화 연구와 기존 유효반감기를 구하기 위해 종사자의 피폭 및 복잡성을 보완하여 간편하게 측정을 할 수 있을 것이라 생각한다. 또한 분석된 갑상선의 유효반감기를 적용한 MIRD schema의 내부피폭선량 평가 연구에도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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반도체 습식 세정 공정 중 상온의 초순수와 염기성 수용액 내에서 오존의 용해도 최적화 (The Optimization of Ozone Solubility and Half Life Time in Ultra Pure Water and Alkaline Solution on Semiconductor Wet Cleaning Process)

  • 이상호;이승호;김규채;권태영;박진구;배소익;이건호;김인정
    • 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2005
  • The process optimization of ozone concentration and half life time was investigated in ultra pure water and alkaline solutions for the wet cleaning of silicon wafer surface at room temperature. In the ultra pure water,. the maximum concentration (35 ppm) of ozone was measured at oxygen flow rate of 3 liters/min and ozone generator power over 60%. The half life time of ozone increased at lower power of ozone generator. Additive gases such as $N_2$ and $CO_2$ were added to increase the concentration and half life time of ozone. Although the maximum ozone concentration was higher with the addition of $N_2$ gas, a longer half life time was observed with the addition of $CO_2$. When $NH_4OH$ of 0.05 or 0.10 vol% was added in DI water, the pH of the solution was around 10. The addition of ozone resulted in the half life time less than 1 min. In order to maintain high pH and ozone concentration, ozone was continuously supplied in 0.05 vol% ammonia solutions. 3 ppm of ozone was dissolved in ammonia solutions. The static contact angle of silicon wafer surface became hydrophilic. The particle removal was possible alkaline ozone solutions. The organic contamination can be removed by ozonated ultra pure water and then alkaline solution containing ozone can remove the particles on silicon surface at room temperature.

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Imidazole계 살균제 Prochloraz의 토양 중 잔류량과 반감기분석 (Determination of Residual Concentration and Half-life Time in Soils of Imidazole Fungicide Prochloraz)

  • 최용화;한성수;김일광
    • 분석과학
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.67-71
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    • 2002
  • Imidzole계 살균제 prochloraz의 토양(미사질식토) 잔류량 및 반감기를 전자포획검출기를 이용한 기페크로마토그래피로 분석하였다. 토양시료는 acetone/hexane (1:1) 용매로 추출하였고, $LC-NH_2$ Sep-Pak 고체컬럼으로 분리하였다. 표준검정곡선의 감응함수는 0.05~1.00 ng 범위에서 Y = 268.8600X + 0.0664, $R^2=0.9998$ 이었다. 검출한계는 0.02 mg/mL 이었고, 회수율은 0.10 mg/L의 경우 97.3%, 0.40 mg/L의 경우 94.5% 이었다. 반감기는 실내토양에서 24.4일, 포장토양에서 7.6일 이었다.

A Study for the Use of Solar Energy for Agricultural Industry - Solar Drying System Using Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector and Auxiliary Heater -

  • Lee, Gwi Hyun
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.41-47
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The objectives of this study were to construct the solar drying system with evacuated tubular solar collector and to investigate its performance in comparison with indoor and outdoor dryings. Methods: Solar drying system was constructed with using CPC (compound parabolic concentrator) evacuated tubular solar collector. Solar drying system is mainly composed of evacuated tubular solar collector with CPC reflector, storage tank, water-to-air heat exchanger, auxiliary heater, and drying chamber. Performance test of solar drying system was conducted with drying of agricultural products such as sliced radish, potato, carrot, and oyster mushroom. Drying characteristics of agricultural products in solar drying system were compared with those of indoor and outdoor ones. Results: Solar drying system showed considerable effect on reducing the half drying time for all drying samples. However, outdoor drying was more effective than indoor drying on shortening the half drying time for all of drying samples. Solar drying system and outdoor drying for oyster mushroom showed the same half drying time. Conclusions: Oyster mushroom could be dried easily under outdoor drying until MR (Moisture Ratio) was reached to about 0.2. However, solar drying system showed great effect on drying for most samples compared with indoor and outdoor dryings, when MR was less than 0.5.