• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a face detection method based on color constancy and geometrical analysis. With the problem about the various colors of skin under scene illuminant, a color constancy method is applied to input images and geometrical analysis is used to detect face regions. At first, the candidates of face or hair are extracted from the image that a color constancy method is applied to, and are classified by some geometrical criterions. And then, face candidates which have some intersectional regions whose total is over a certain size, with hair candidates are selected as faces. Caltech Face DB was used to compare the performance of our method. Also, performance about scene illuminant was evaluated by images which have some illumination effects. The experiment results show that the proposed face detection method was applicable to various facial images because of high true-positive and low false-negative ration.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.787-799
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• 2016

This study considers aesthetic characteristics by examining fashion style of fashion journalist Anna Wintour. Fashion journalists are specialists who work at fashion media. Especially, Anna Wintour is one of the most famous fashion journalist in the world and fashion icon, who has been editor-in chief of Vogue USA since 1988. For this study, Anna Witour's photograph was collected from 2010 to 2015 on web-sites. After collecting images, it analysed with 4criterions which were silhouette, color, fabric(pattern and texture) and hair style(and accessories) following advance researches analysis about fashion style. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, symbolism revealed that could express her identity through utilizing steady items such as blond bob hair, Chanel bold sunglasses, short round neckless and Manolo Blahnik's low-heeled slingback nude sandals. Especially, she gave consistency to her fashion style with fixed hair style and accessories which are similar in shape. Second, femininity, that reveal as an internal characteristic such as sensitivity and as an external characteristic like fluidity. Anna Wintour expressed femininity with elegant curvy silhouette, various of color and flower pattern. Particularly, she emphasized nature women's body shape with princess silhouette, slim silhouette. Third, analysis result indicated characteristic of authority with oversize silhouette, wide lapel details and glamorous genuine fur items. Furthermore, some of her fur items looked overwhelming which dyed in artificial color or printed with leopard pattern. These powerful items contained immanent meanings that are power and position which could express a role as an editor-in chief of Vogue USA.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.97-114
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• 2012

This study was performed to assess the nutritional status and hair mineral content of children with behavioral problems and compare the values with a gender, age-matched control group. The subjects were recruited from S elementary school children in Seoul, Korea. Students scored higher than 60 points were diagnosed with behavioral problems according to the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist. Nutritional assessment of the two groups (behavior problem group: male n=15, female n=24; $9.6{\pm}1.6$ years, control group: male n=16, female n=18; $9.5{\pm}1.9$ years) was performed using a nutritional survey and by measuring hair mineral contents. In the results, food frequency questionnaire analysis showed that the intakes of anchovy (P<0.05), soybean curb (P<0.01), radish (P<0.05), bean sprouts (P<0.05), spinach (P<0.05), carrot (P<0.05), pumpkin (P<0.05), lettuce (P<0.05), cabbage (P<0.01), apple (P<0.05), and milk (P<0.01) were higher in the control group than the behavior problem group, whereas intakes of ramyeon (P<0.05), cookies (P<0.05), and coke (P<0.01) were higher in the behavior problem group than the control group. Intakes of most nutrients such as plant-derived protein (P<0.05), fiber (P<0.05), plant-derived calcium (P<0.05), phosphorus (P<0.05), plant-derived iron (P<0.05), vitamin B2 (P<0.05), vitamin B6 (P<0.05), vitamin C (P<0.01), vitamin E (P<0.05), and folate (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the control group than the behavior problem group. Hair analysis showed that the levels of arsenic (P<0.05), mercury (P<0.001), uranium (P<0.05), iron (P<0.001), boron (P<0.01), and germanium (P<0.001) were lower, but the levels of phosphate (P<0.05), chromium (P<0.001), sodium (P<0.05), and sulfur (P<0.001) were higher in the behavior problem group than the control group. Conclusively, behavioral problems constitute a complicated condition in which nutritional factors may play major roles. However, it is still under investigation as to whether or not modification of dietary habits or nutritional supplementation can improve children's behavior, since symptoms require a broad understanding of the environmental and genetic interactions.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.195-209
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• 2018

In this study, the characteristics of various raw hairs used for traditional Korean brushes were examined; further, the characteristics and deterioration patterns of Korean, Chinese, and Japanese brushes were compared, with a quantitative evaluation to assess the brush performance. The tensile strength was generally found to be higher with a greater fiber thickness. Among the hairs examined, the back and flank hair of goat was more damaged than that in other parts, and the tensile strength was low. Higher elasticity of the brush made with hair of high cysteine content was measured. Owing to deterioration by use of the brushes, artificial drying brushes had a higher yellowness index and lower tensile strength than natural drying brushes. Further, it was confirmed that brushes with good absorbency exhibited good consistency, but not good elasticity. Thus, the performance of the brush can be influenced by the kind of material used and the brush usage pattern. In addition, it is possible to identify the material science characteristics of brushes which have been produced only by experience; therefore, the results of this study could provide basic data for manufacturing brushes employed in conservation treatment, in the future.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 1993

This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of using the lead level in the hair of children as a screening test for lead intoxication of children and as an indicator for environmental pollution. Lead concentration of hair was measured for 268 seven to nine-year-old elementary school children in Taegu city (147 children) and Gampo town(121 children). The lead level in hair was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with a graphite furnace atomizer. The following information was obtained for all children: sex, age, father's occupation and smoking habits, kinds of hair cleaner, fingernail biting habits, and status of the child's hands and clothing. The mean lead level in hair was $8.7{\pm}2.9{\mu}g/g$ in the urban area and $7.7{\pm}2.2{\mu}g/g$ in the rural area. There were significant differences between two groups(p<0.01). The difference of lead levels in hair measured by cleanliness of the child's hands(clean: $7.4{\pm}2.7{\mu}g/g$, dirty: $8.2{\pm}2.6{\mu}g/g$) and child's clothing(clean: $8.0{\pm}2.5{\mu}g/g$, dirty: $9.3{\pm}2.6{\mu}g/g$) were statistically significant, but other factors were not significant. In multiple regression analysis, difference of residency and age were significant variables for lead level in the hair of children. These findings suggest that measurement of lead level in the hair is a useful method for the screening of the lead intoxication of children and monitoring environmental conditions.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.361-383
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• 1987

This thesis was designed to find out whether the cadmium content of hair in living animals reflects the status of cadmium accumulation in internal organs or muscles so that this status can be used as a diagnostic method. Forty-five rats were divided into 4 experimental groups and one control group. The control group received a basal diet which contained zinc $100{\mu}g/g$, iron $80{\mu}g/g$ and copper $135{\mu}g/g$. The experimental group received experimental diets sllpplemented with 1, 10, 100 or $1,000{\mu}g/g$ cadmium as cadmium sulfate. Rats were dissected on the 28th or 56th day of experimental periods and tissues, blood and hair samples were taken, dried and burned to ash and analysed. The cadmium, iron zinc and copper concentrations were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In addition feed efficiency and hematological changes were observed. The results obtained can be summerized as follows: A marked decrease in feed intake, weight gain and feed efficiency were observed from 1 or 2 weeks of experimental periods, which was in accordance with the dosage and periods. The cadmium contents of kidney, liver, spleen and muscle were significantly increased in all experimental rats; the accumulation was marked in kidney and liver tissues. It was shown that the cadmium contents of hair reflects the cadmium accumulation in internal organs and muscle; the higher the cadmium levels of diet and of rat tissues, the higher the cadmium content of hair. In the $100{\mu}g/g$ group of rats erythrocyte counts and. hemoglobin concentrations were decreased. A significant(p<0.01, p<0.05) increase in iron contents of kidney, liver and muscle was observed in 10, 100, $1,000{\mu}g/g$ groups of rats on the 28th day of experiment. A significant (p<0.01, p<0.05) increase in zinc contents of kidney, liver and muscle was observed in all experimental rats. On the other hand, serum zinc concentration was decreased. A significant(p<0.01) increase in copper contents in the liver was observed on the 28th day in $100{\mu}g/g$ and $1,000{\mu}g/g$ groups of rats. From these results it may be concluded that the analysis of hair for cadmium is a useful diagnostic approach for the cadmium status of internal organs and muscle in living animals.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.45-60
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• 2009

This study examined the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp according to the application of the Ayurvedic base oils and essential oils to scalp and hair. The result is as follows. The experiment illustrated that as the result of doing the paired sample t-test of a treated group and a control group according to constitutional oiling, the efficacy of the statistically significant decrease of the colony manifested in six tested groups except the group of Pitta constitution to which sesame and lavender were applied. Also, in a group that sesame was applied to Vata constitution and a group that coconut and lavender were applied to Pitta constitution, according to the passage of time, the result of being reduced the number of the colony was obtained and it showed that the oiling suitable for each constitution has the efficacy to decrease the colony of scalp. At the same time, regardless of the constitutions, the application of oils also showed the efficacy of restraining the increase of the bacteria colony of scalp. As the result of performing Paired Sample t-test for the subjective evaluation of the subjects in pre and post clinical testing, In the analysis of questionnaire that were obtained before and after the clinical testing, the results of all of the items except the item questioning a degree of inflammation appeared to be significant. That is to say, the subjects answered that a degree of keratin or a pain in scalp, an amount of sebum and a degree of hair damage were decreased after the application of oil more than before it. And in the question of a degree of hair damage, the application of oils were proved as having the efficacy to improve the hair damage.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.369-375
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• 2002

The present study attempts to examine the degree of recognition of the Personal Colors by the age of the woman, and to analyze the influence of the recognition on the factors for choosing specific colors for hair coloring and facial make-up and the consequent satisfaction. The data will be used as a basic material for research and marketing in the field of color consulting in the beauty industry. Collected data were statistically processed using the SPSS WIN program. Depending on the nature of the contents to be analyzed, either the percentage calculation or the Chi-square analysis or the ANOVA was carried out. The findings of the study are as follows; The overall recognition of the Personal Colors was generally low in terms of the knowledge, information and experiences. While the degree of recognition was the highest in teenagers, the necessity of diagnosing the Personal Colors was most deeply perceived by the women in their 30s. One of the factors for choosing a specific color for hair coloring was their favorite color for the teenagers, and the Personal Color or the advice of the professional for the women in their 30s. Meanwhile, the highest factor for those in their 20s was the colors in vogue. For the facial color make-up as well, this sensitivity to popular colors was also highest in the twenty-something women. The color choice in consideration of favorite colors and the Personal Colors was the most prominent in the teenagers. The tendency of utilizing the advice of sales people or the professionals was the highest in the women in their 30s. In the survey of satisfaction with the chosen colors for hair coloring and make-up, it was found that satisfaction was the highest in the cases of choosing the Personal Colors in all the age groups, while it was the lowest for the choice of popular colors.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.225-232
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• 2006

This study purposed to review the concept and characteristics of subculture theoretically and then to analyze subcultural hairstyles shown in the 20th century's fashion in terms of form, structure, texture, design line and design principle, which were formative factors of beauty art. The range of this study was from the 1950's to the 1990's, during which subcultural hairstyles, which were selected for this study, kept a unique formality as subcultural characteristics of each time were reflected in hairstyles. The hairstyles found in subcultural styles were reviewed as follows. From the formative analysis as the above, it was concluded that layer form was seen most frequently in the subcultural hairstyles. This may be because it has a lot of layers in hair, and enables to make more various forms with a simpler care than other hairstyles so that it is easy to show one's own characteristic or differentiate oneself from others. Thanks to the characteristics of layer form, horizontal and convex were often seen as design lines. As for a texture, straight often appeared. The texture of straight is naturally formed without any care applied on hair. The reason may be that most subcultures refused artificiality. Therefore, the characteristics of subcultural hairstyles may be that hairstyles are transformed into various forms and created into the styles appropriately for individual tastes so as to clearly express one's own idea and thought.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1225-1233
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• 2015

This study aims to clarify the psychosocial reactions of female patients with gynecological cancer undergoing chemotherapy and in the process of suffering from alopecia and to examine their nursing support. The target group comprised female patients who had received two or more cycles of chemotherapy, were suffering from alopecia, and were aged 30-65. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, conducted from the time the patients were informed by their doctors that they might experience alopecia due to chemotherapy to the time they actually experienced alopecia and until they were able to accept the change. Inductive qualitative analysis was employed to close in on the subjective experiences of the cancer patients. The results showed the existence of six phases in the psychosocial reactions in the process of alopecia: phase one was the reaction after the doctor's explanation; phase two was the reaction when the hair starts to fall out; phase three was the reaction when the hair starts to intensely fall out; phase four was the reaction when the hair has completely fallen out; phase five was the reaction to behavior for coping with alopecia; and phase six was the reaction to change in interpersonal human relationships. The results also made it clear that there are five types of reaction patterns as follows: 1) treatment priority interpersonal relationship maintenance type; 2) alopecia agitated interpersonal relationship maintenance type; 3) alopecia agitated interpersonal relationship reduction type; 4) alopecia denial interpersonal relationship reduction type; and 5) alopecia denial treatment interruption type. It is important to find out which of the five types the patients belong to early during treatment and provide support so that nursing intervention that suits each individual can be practiced. The purpose of this study is to make clear the process in which patients receiving chemotherapy come to accept alopecia and to examine evidence-based nursing care on patients with strong mental distress from alopecia.