• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2006

Analysis of stomach content for common squid was carried out to investigate the difference in seasonal and ontogenetic feeding behavior. Totals of 1368 common squid were collected monthly off Busan from September 2004 to August, 2005. Size range of common squid was 8.5-31.8 cm mantle length (ML) during the study period. Of the 1368 stomachs examined, 599 specimens (43.8%) were empty. Stomach contents indicated that common squid was carnivore: Large portion of stomach contents consisted of fish and mollusca (mainly common squid). The stomach contents index (SCI) seemed to increase with size, though there was no statistical difference between size classes significantly. Cannibalism was minimum in size range of 15-20 cm ML, but was steadily increased with size. Cephalopods were the major prey during spring and summer when common squid were small, but fish replaced it during autumn and winter when they became large.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2014

This study aimed to identify changes in the level of neuropeptides among current smokers, former smokers, and individuals who had never smoked, and how smoking habits affect obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Neuropeptide levels, anthropometric parameters, and metabolic syndrome diagnostic indices were determined among male workers; 117 of these had never smoked, whereas 58 and 198 were former and current smokers, respectively. The total sample comprised 373 male workers. The results obtained from anthropometric measurements showed that current smokers attained significantly lower body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and abdominal fat thickness values than former smokers and those who had never smoked. Current smokers' eating habits proved worse than those of non-smokers and individuals who had never smoked. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the neuropeptides in the case of former smokers was $23.6{\pm}9.2pg/ml$, higher than that of current smokers ($20.4{\pm}6.1$) and individuals who had never smoked ($22.4{\pm}5.8$) (F = 6.520, p = 0.002). The level of adiponectin among former smokers was somewhat lower than that of current smokers, whereas leptin levels were higher among former smokers than current smokers; these results were not statistically significant. A relationship was found between adiponectin and triglyceride among non-smokers (odds ratio = 0.660, ${\beta}$ value=-0.416, p < 0.01) and smokers (odds ratio = 0.827, ${\beta}$ value=-0.190, p < 0.05). Further, waist circumference among non-smokers (odds ratio = 1.622, ${\beta}$ value=0.483, p < 0.001) and smokers (odds ratio = 1.895, ${\beta}$ value=0.639, p < 0.001) was associated with leptin. It was concluded that cigarette smoking leads to an imbalance of energy expenditure and appetite by changing the concentration of neuropeptides such as adiponectin, BDNF, leptin, and hsCRP, and influences food intake, body weight, the body mass index, blood pressure, and abdominal fat, which are risk factors for MetS and cardiovascular disease.

• 통합자연과학논문집
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.160-179
• /
• 2008

Field classes are necessary to grow the ability of and an attitude toward exploring nature and to shape the basic concept of natural science. I tried to develop a site for field classes and the old road Naori's hill is an ideal place with convenient traffic and established youth camps. As a result the vegetation was divided into five associations and communities. The vegetation units obtained in the present study were as follow: Quercus acutissima community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community, Quercus acutissima-Pinus densiflora community, and Quercus mongolica community. In all survey areas 100 family 336 genus 587 species of palants was found. Furthermore, it provides lots of plants throughout the seasons. Not only the flora but also flowering phenology, variety of floral color and growth habits can be used as teaching items. Incorporation of diverse knowledge of plants at the old road Naori's hill into biology teaching will give students academic stimuli and teachers an opportunity of retraining. With a combination of use of visual instruments, the purpose of conceptual and exploring biology is more easily achieved.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the improvement of healthy habits and development of an oral health promotion program among Korean youth. Therefore, this study investigated adolescent health risk factors, oral health risk factors, and oral disease symptoms. Methods: This study used data from the Korea youth web-based survey, 2016. The subjects selected for the study were 61,086 persons who did not exhibit health risk factors, oral health risk factors, and oral disease symptoms. The statistical analyses were conducted by applying a complex sample analysis technique. Results: Those who drank carbonated beverages at least once a day were 1.15 times more likely to experience oral disease symptoms. The more sweet drinks they drank, the higher the risk of experiencing oral disease symptoms. Subjects who consumed alcohol had a 1.30 times greater risk of experiencing oral disease symptoms while subjects with smoking experience had a 1.13 times greater risk of experiencing oral disease symptoms. Conclusions: As a result, in order to maintain the physical and mental health of Korean adolescents, it is necessary to develop an oral health program for the prevention of unhealthy eating habits and oral diseases.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.139-157
• /
• 2005

In rural area, as the source of family income is related with the agriculture works, the living condition of non-farming family used to be lower except some family groups with a little higher income. In order to find out the improvement in rural life, data about the health behavior and diet habits of non-farming family were observed. This study evaluated the health behavior and diet habits of non-farming families by comparing them with those of the farming families in rural area. The survey was made by trained interviewers and a total of 1,870 subjects from 9 provinces were questioned to collect the data through sampling probability proportional to size. The non-farming families were $29.6\%$ of the total and they were with no spouse($38\%$), low number of family members(2.86), and aged husband(66.8 years) or wife(58.5 years). $83.1\%$ of the non farming families were having breakfast however, $95.1\%$ of the farming families were doing it. And the number of side dishes in non farming families was low(1-2 kinds: $17.7\%$). Out of non farming families, $47.3\%$ took no nutritional supplements and out of the farming families it was 40.8 $\%$ With regard to having snacks, $22\%$ of non-farmers had snacks daily and it was greater than that of farmers($16.6\%$). But the ratio of non-snack taking of the non-farmers($29.6\%$) was higher than that of farmers($24.5\%$). The sorts of snacks also varied and for farmers it used to be fruit and noodles and for non-farmers it was bread and milk. Instant foods were often selected by $35.6\%$ of non-farmers. Dining out with a frequency of once per month was reported in $23.2\%$ of non-farming families, but $47.6\%$ of them did not dine out at all. In case of food production for family consumption, small portion of non-farmers cultivated pepper($13.3\%$), Korean cabbage ($16.2\%$), and sesame($6.2\%$) but almost all of the farmers cultivated such crops. However, non-farmers produced soybean sprouts($0.7\%$), soybean curd($0.2\%$), and eggs($7.2\%$) and it was compared with the fact that farmers produced soybean sprouts($9.7\%$), soybean curd ($4.6\%$), and eggs($5.1\%$). Non-farmers stocked the fermented foods: Doenjang ($57.8\%$), Kochujang ($56.1\%$), Kanjang ($53.6\%$), Kimchi ($77.9\%$) and Jangajji ($37.2\%$), and this ratios were smaller than those of farmers: Doenjang ($93.6\%$), Kochujang ($92.9\%$), Kanjang ($87.9\%$), Kimchi ($97.7\%$) and Jangajji ($66.7\%$). As to health behavior of the subjects, non-farmers had less medical examinations and bathing than farmers did. Non-farmers and their wives used public bath facilities more often and it may be due to the low condition of bathing facilities. And the ratio of daily alcohol consumption was $15\%$ and it was higher than that of the farmers. Most of the spouse of the farmers did not drink($78\%$), but the wives of the non-farmers were drinking more frequently. More farmers smoked than non-farmers and $45\%$ of male farmers were smokers.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.39-51
• /
• 2002

There are many concerns about the smoking among adolescents. Smoking status, smoking habit and dietary habit of high school students were studied using anonymous questionnaires. One hundred fifteen of 380 students(30.3%) have experienced smoking and 58.3% of them initiated it in the middle school, mostly because of the curiosity. The most plausible reasons for smoking were for stress reduction and feel bored. The students who smoked cigarettes were not likely to eat properly and their dietary habits were generally inadequate. The smoking group had less consideration of food balance, more skipping breakfast, more irregular meal time, less snack, and less frequent intake of vegetables. Also one-day dietary records obtained from 24hr recall showed less diverse food intake in smoking students. Considering the risk of poor eating behavior in smoking, nutritional care should be taken to emphasize as well as the smoking prevention and health programs, and more attention needs to be given to the relationship between smoking and the attitude and the behavior of smoking students toward their health, including proper eating habits. Since the results revealed that the majority of smoking students had previously attempted or thought about quitting to smoke, proper support programs that are more comprehensive and not temporal need to be developed.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 1987

Plasma levels of lipids were observed in vegetarians and non-vegetarians in order compare the values between the two groups with different dietary habits, and among different age groups. All 162 vegetarians and 95 non-vegetarians were selected for this study. In detail, male vegetarians subjects were devided into three groups according to their ages, 20's, 30's and 40's. And three control groups were also selected at matching basis. Two groups each were selected for female subjects in their 20's and 40's. All ten groups were adopted and the lipids levels were compared appropriately. Dietary habits of vegetarians were shown to be fairly strict. They consumed almost no animal foods and depended largely upon plant foods with emphasis on unrefined cereals and legumes. on the other hand, non-vegetarians consumed meats, fish egg and milk frequently. Most of plasma lipid levels measured were found to be lower in vegetarians and tended to be higher for the higher age groups of both vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Although the lipids levels of non-vegetarians were higher than the ones for vegetarians, the levels were within optimal range, and it can be concluded in this study that the plasma lipid levels of non-vegetarians under Korean dietary pattern are quite acceptable.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.789-804
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 21세기 과학적 소양을 탐색하기 위한 평가 기준을 개발하고, 이를 교과서 내용 분석에 적용하였다. 21세기 과학적 소양의 하위 영역으로 과학적 사고습관(habits of mind), 과학에서의 가치관(character and value), 과학 본성의 이해(science as human endeavor)를 설정하고, 각 하위 영역에 대한 평가 요소와 평가 기준을 개발하였다. 개발된 평가 기준은 21세기 과학적 소양이 교육 상황에서 실제 실현되고 있는가를 확인할 수 있는 지표이다. 개발된 평가 도구를 사용하여 2009 개정 교육과정에 기반을 둔 과학 교과서 내용에서 21세기 과학적 소양의 3개 영역에 관련된 내용이 포함되어 있음을 확인하였다. 이 중 과학적 사고 습관에 관련된 내용이 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였으며 과학에서의 가치관과 과학본성의 이해에 관련된 내용은 상대적으로 부족한 것을 알 수 있었다. 개발된 21세기 과학적 소양 평가 기준은 교과서 내용 분석 외에도 교실 수업 평가, 교사 평가, 교수-학습 자료의 평가에 활용하여 현장 과학 수업 실행에 대한 실질적인 이해를 가져올 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.89-93
• /
• 2018

고염식식습관은 다양한 질병을 일으키고 공중보건을 위협할 수 있다. 그 동안 고염식식습관을 통제하기 위한 다양한 시도가 이루어져 왔으나 건강커뮤니케이션을 통해 고염식식습관을 변화시킬 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 아직 이루어지지 못하였다. 본 연구는 고염식의위험성과 식습관의 통제가능성에 대한 인식이 고염식식습관을 얼마나 예측하는지를 검토함으로써 식습관 개선 교육을 위한 시사점을 찾고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 보호동기 이론의 하위요인인심각성, 취약성, 효율성, 효능 및 행동 경향을 측정하기 위한 설문지를 개발하였으며 설문지를 충남소재 대학의 대학생들과 그들의 가족을 대상으로 배포하였다. 설문결과를 SPSS프로그램으로 분석한 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청년층은 장년층보다 나트륨섭취가 더 많았다. 둘째, 상관관계분석에서 장년층은 고염식으로 인한 위험에 취약하다는 것을 알고 있지만 고염식을 억제할 수 있다고 확신할 때 까지는 식습관을 바꾸지 않는다. 셋째, 구조모델분석에 따르면 대처지각이 높을수록 고염식식습관의 경향성이 낮아지는 경향을 보인다. 이 결과는 고염식식습관을 줄이기 위해서는 실행 가능한 정보를 제공하고 저염식을 하였을 때 어떤 변화가 발생하는지를 인식 시킴으로써 대처지각을 높이는 방안이 더 효과적임을 시사한다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of body weight control program for obese children. The program included nutrition education, exercise and behavioral therapy for 20 weekly sessions. The results from this study were as follows. The average age of the subjects was 11.3 years, mean height and weight were 146.12cm and 59.42kg respectively. After weight control preogram, Rohrer index(Rl) was significantly decreased from 186.78 to 182.72(p<0.001). There were not significant differences in body fat percent(%) and fat weight(kg) but it showed decreased pattern. In the change of body circumferences, chest circumference was significantly increased(p<0.01) and mid-arm circumference was significantly decreased(p<0.001) after weight control program. Triglyceride(TG) level in serum was significantly decreased from 113.79 to 80.36(p<0.01) and total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level showed declind pattern. The food habits of obese children significantly improved(p<0.001) after weight control prgram. And there were desirable changes of food attitude, excercise and life habits. These results suggest that weight control program including nutrition education, exercise and behavioral therapy may be effective for helping obese children.