• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.83-95
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• 2022

This study aims to present primary data for habitat restoration and artificial breeding conditions of L. unmunsana by identifying the habitat conditions and the larvae's food sources. In order to investigate the habitat characteristics of the adult L. unmunsana and land snails, which are the primary food sources for the larvae, field surveys were conducted on a total of 10 habitats in south-central parts of Korea including Sanseongcheon, Jeonju. The results revealed that the L. unmunsana habitat in the Sanseongcheon area had a broadleaf forest with a multi-layered vegetation structure, adjacent water features, and the north/northeast/northwest slopes with little effect of artificial lighting. The adult L. unmunsana in the Sanseongcheon area appeared from the end of May to the end of June, and was especially intensively observed around the middle of June. The most active time was from 23:30 to 00:30 with a temperature range of 19~22℃ and higher than 80% humidity. The peak count of the observed adults L. unmunsana was a total of 774 on June 11, 2021. In the case of land snails, 11 families and 23 species were observed in 10 habitats of L. unmunsana, and Euphaedusa fusaniana was the most extensive and the most observed in the five survey areas. The land snails of L. unmunsana habitats are mostly found under the organic layers of leaves and a fallen tree branch in broadleaf forests, where a thick organic material layer buffers temperature changes and provides high humidity for various snails. These habitat conditions are suitable for the larva of L. unmunsana and land snails to inhabit, feed, hide and hibernate.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide essential data necessary to assess ecological flow requirements by understanding habitat conditions for fish species through monitoring an ecological environment in the Korea stream (Dal Stream) and building related database. On-site surveys were conducted for identifying ecological and habitat conditions at the four monitoring sites. Fish sampling was carried out at the selected four sites (St.) during the period ranging from September, 2008 to September, 2009. At the four sampling sites, we measured water surface elevation, depth and velocity at the cross-sections. Optimal Ecological Flowrates (OEFs) were estimated using the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) established for four fish species Zacco koreanus (St.1), Pungtungia herzi (St.2), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (St.3), and Zacco platypus (St.4) selected as icon species using the Physical HABitat SIMulation system (PHABSIM). Eighteen species (56.3%) including Odontobutis interrupta, Coreoperca herzi and C. splendidus were found endemic out of the 32 species in eight families sampled during this study period. The endangered species was collected Acheilognathus signifier, Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa and Gobiobotia macrocephala, and this relative abundance was 9.4%. The most frequently found one was Z. platypus (31.3%) followed by C. splendidus (17.6%) and Z. koreanus (15.7%). The estimated IBI values ranged from 27.3 to 34.3 with average being 30.3 out of 50, rendering the site ecologically poor to fair health conditions. For C. splendidus (St.3), the dominant fish species in the stream, the favored habitat conditions were estimated to be 0.3-0.5 m for water depth, 0.4-0.7 m/s for flow velocity and sand-cobbles for substrate size, respectively. An OEFs of 8.5 m³/s was recommended for the representative fish species at the St.3.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2001

이 논문은 미국의 중심부인 텍사스주에 위치하는 평화 주택의 실내외 환경을 측정하여 쾌적한 조건을 분석한 기초자료이다. 이 사례연구는 주택의 실내외온도, 습도, 그리고 이산화탄소농도를 측정하여 쾌적한 조건을 만드는 범위에 대하여 검토하였다. 이 논문은 또한 부가적인 비용의 증가 없이 평화 주택이 보다 쾌적한 실내환경을 계획할 때 이용할 수 있는 자료로 활용하는데 연구의 목적이 있다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2000

The primary objective of this study is to estimate the suitable flow in need for conservation and restoration of the fish habitat in running water ecosystem, which has very important status in the instream flow for stream environment. Year, monthly low flows are estimated to properly maintain the fish habitat. Water depth and velocity are simulated, and also water temperature and Dissolved Oxygen(DO) are predicted at gradually varied flow using estimated low flows. These simulated conditions for each low flow are graphically compared with the requirements to maintain fish habitat at each life stage. These processes were applied to 3 riffle transects located at Dalcheon(Dal stream) in the South Han river. Pirami (Zacco platypus) was selected as a representative fish species in Dalcheon. It was shown that the suitable flow for maintaining the representative fish habitat at each life stage depends on hydraulic conditions rather than water quality conditions, and the flow ranges from the 10-year minimum low flow to consecutive 7-day 2.33-year low flow.w flow.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2014

We assessed the physical habitats of Microphysogobio longidorsalis in the Han river basin. Field monitoring was conducted for ecological and habitat conditions for 11 sites from October 2008 to November 2011. Twenty species (50.0%) including M. longidorsalis and Zacco koreanus were found endemic out of the 40 species in 10 families sampled during this study period. The most frequently found species was Z. platypus (26.2%) followed by Z. koreanus (17.7%), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (14.0%) and M. longidorsalis (13.4%). For M. longidorsalis, total fist length showing the highest number of samples were 8~10 cm (50.9%). the favored habitat conditions were estimated to be 0.4~0.5 m (56.1%) for water depth, 0.2~0.9 m/s (90.4%) for flow velocity, sand (0.1~1.0 mm)~cobbles (100.0~300.0 mm)(94.5%) for substrate size and run (60.2%) for habitat type, respectively.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2020

Background: Determining patterns of habitat use is key to understanding of animal ecology. Approximately 1% of bird species use brood parasitism for their breeding strategy, in which they exploit other species' (hosts) parental care by laying eggs in their nests. Brood parasitism may complicate the habitat requirement of brood parasites because they need habitats that support both their host and their own conditions for breeding. Brood parasitism, through changes in reproductive roles of sex or individual, may further diversify habitat use patterns among individuals. However, patterns of habitat use in avian brood parasites have rarely been characterized. In this study, we categorized the habitat preference of a population of brood parasitic lesser cuckoos (Cuculus poliocephalus) breeding on Jeju Island, Korea. By using compositional analyses together with radio-tracking and land cover data, we determined patterns of habitat use and their sexual and diurnal differences. Results: We found that the lesser cuckoo had a relatively large home range and its overall habitat composition (the second-order selection) was similar to those of the study area; open areas such as the field and grassland habitats accounted for 80% of the home range. Nonetheless, their habitat, comprised of 2.54 different habitats per hectare, could be characterized as a mosaic. We also found sexual differences in habitat composition and selection in the core-use area of home ranges (third-order selection). In particular, the forest habitat was preferentially utilized by females, while underutilized by males. However, there was no diurnal change in the pattern of habitat use. Both sexes preferred field habitats at the second-order selection. At the third-order selection, males preferred field habitats followed by grasslands and females preferred grasslands followed by forest habitats. Conclusions: We suggest that the field and grassland habitats represent the two most important areas for the lesser cuckoo on Jeju Island. Nevertheless, this study shows that habitat preference may differ between sexes, likely due to differences in sex roles, sex-based energy demands, and potential sexual conflict.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.433-442
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• 2017

As a result of the Four-River Restoration Project in Korea, the habitat of endangered plant species of Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae and Polygonatum stenophyllum, which had been natively grown in the riparian zone of Namhan River, was destroyed and artificial replacement habitats were created. In this study, Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) was used to determine whether the replacement habitats are suitable for each species or not. From October 2015 to July 2016, Habitat Evaluate Procedures (HEP) were conducted on two replacement habitats of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae (Gangcheonsum and Sum-River) and on two replacement habitats of P. stenophyllum (Gangcheonsum and Youngjuk) in the Namhan River watershed. As evaluation parameters for A. altaicus var. uchiyamae habitat, habitat matrix (ratio of unburied gravel), height above the ordinary water level, soil nutrients, and light conditions were selected and for P. stenophyllum habitat, soil texture, light conditions, and coverage of companion species were selected. HSI was applied to evaluate the suitability of each replacement habitat. According to the result of the evaluation, replacement habitats of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae and P. stenophyllum located in Gangcheonsum have relatively high HSI values as 0.839 and 0.846, respectively. On the other hand, replacement habitats of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae in Sum-River and P. stenophyllum in Youngjuk zone have HSI value of 0, indicating unsuitable habitats for these species. This is the first attempt to apply HSI for plant species in Korea and proved the usefulness of HSI on plants.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.481-491
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• 2009

In this study, a comprehensive field monitoring was conducted to understand habitat conditions of fish species in the upper Geum river. Based on the monitoring data, riverine health conditions such as composition ratio of fish species, richness and dominance indexes, bio-diversity (dominance index, diversity, evenness and richness), and index of biological integrity were assessed, and optimal ecological flowrates were estimated using the habitat suitability indexes established for three fish species Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Zacco platypus and Pseudopungtungia nigra selected as icon species using the physical habitat simulation system (PHABSIM). The total number of species sampled was 20 species, and two sensitive species of C. splendidus (22.4%) and Z. platypus (22.0%) dominated the fish community. The estimated IBI values ranged from 34 to 42 with average being 38 out of 50, rendering the site ecologically fair to good health conditions. An optimal ecological flowrate of 9.0 cms was recommended for the representative fish species at the site.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.214-222
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth conditions and vegetation of Peucedanum japonicum habitat in uninhabited islands of Incheon Korea. The emergence area of Peucedanum japonicum was 4.9 m distance in coastline, and altitude and slope was 7.4m and 47.5%. Soil pH, organic matter and $P_2O_5$ of habitat were 7.1, 8.3% and 29.0 mg/kg, and contents of K, Ca, Mg and Na were 0.66, 4.9, 3.4 and $1.13cmol^+/kg$, respectively. Growth plants with Peucedanum japonicum were total 55 taxa, and Gakeuldo in uninhabited islands was the most as 25 taxa. In growth plants with Peucedanum japonicum, plants of over 25% frequence per plot were Miscanthus sinensis, Dendranthema boreale, Lilium lancifolium, Hemerocallis middendorffii, Elymus dahuricus, Cirsium japonicum var. maackii, Asparagus schoberioides, Gypsophila oldhamiana, Cocculus trilobus, Silene aprica var. oldhamiana, Artemisia capillaris, Crepidiastrum denticulatum and Sedum oryzifolium. The vegetation of Peucedanum japonicum habitat was classified into Aster spathulifolius community, Miscanthus sinensis community, Dendranthema boreale community, Setaria viridis var. pachystachys community, Cirsium japonicum var. maackii community and Hemerocallis middendorffii community. According to general condition of habitat, suitable growing areas was determined to slightly acidic from mild alkaline soils.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.115-124
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• 2013

This study was conducted to make a biotop planning and construct 3 types of biotop by each site conditions. Three sites of different types in ecological and scenery conservation area of the Dong-gang river were selected by expert brain-storming process and constructed terrestrial biotops and aquatic biotops. Targets of 3 sites were set up such as constructing a habitat for Kaloula borealis and an ecological education place, building a terrestrial biotopes and monitoring the natural vegetation succession, and constructing a habitat for Luciola unmunsana Doi. The study results can be applied hereafter to ecological restoration projects, after construction of habitat, the priority should be prepare measures of monitoring and maintenance, hereafter continuous study on ecological restoration should be performed actively through construction of biotope and wild animals and plants habitat.