• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.536-552
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how homeless shelter worker and public health nurses perceive health status and health care of homeless shelter residents (HSRs). Methods: Data collected through focus group interviews. In Focus group, in-depth discussions were between 150 to 160 minutes. Data analyzed using Krueger (1998) step analysis. Participants were seven experienced clinical social workers, nurses working homeless shelters, and public health center nurses for dosshouse people. Results: The results were 4 themes and 15 sub-themes: Characteristics of HSRs, perception of health and health problem of HSRs (alcohol related disease, hypertension Diabetics, gastro-intestinal disease, dental disease and infectios disease such as Tuberculosis, musculo-skeletal disease, prostate problem), health care status of HSRs(insufficient health care service, discrimination of medical staff, lack of health care management, low satisfaction community health care services), and the health care proposal of HSRs(nurse in homeless shelter, integrated health care system, understanding of homeless) Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, health care programs focusing on understanding of HSRs and chronic diseases of HSRs increasing steadily although the management system is limited. Therefore, more systemized health care plan and health referral system for homeless people.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.312-312
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• 2011

In SiH4/H2 discharge for growth process of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), silane polymers, produced by SiH2 + Sin-1H2n ${\rightarrow}$ SinH2n+2, have no reactivity on the film-growing surface. However, under the SiH2 rich condition, high silane reactive species (HSRS) can be produced by electron collision to silane polymers. HSRS, having relatively strong reactivity on the surface, can react with dangling bond and form Si-H2 networks which have a close correlation with photo-induced degradation of a-Si:H thin film solar cell [1]. To find contributions of suggested several external plasma conditions (pressure, frequency and ratio of mixture gas) [2,3] to suppressing productions of HSRS, some plasma characteristics are studied by numerical methods. For this study, a zero-dimensional global model for SiH4/H2 discharge and a one-dimensional particle-in-cell Monte-Carlo-collision model (PIC-MCC) for pure SiH4 discharge have been developed. Densities of important reactive species of SiH4/H2 discharge are observed by means of the global model, dealing 30 species and 136 reactions, and electron energy probability functions (EEPFs) of pure SiH4 discharge are obtained from the PIC-MCC model, containing 5 charged species and 15 reactions. Using global model, SiH2/SiH3 values were calculated when pressure and driving frequency vary from 0.1 Torr to 10 Torr, from 13.56 MHz to 60 MHz respectively and when the portion of hydrogen changes. Due to the limitation of global model, frequency effects can be explained by PIC-MCC model. Through PIC-MCC model for pure SiH4, EEPFs are obtained in the specific range responsible for forming SiH2 and SiH3: from 8.75 eV to 9.47 eV [4]. Through densities of reactive species and EEPFs, polymerization reactions and production of HSRS are discussed.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 1997

Neuroblastoma, a pediatric malignant neoplasm of neural crest origin, has a wide range of clinical virulence. The mechanisms contributing to the development of neuroblastomas are largely unclear, but non-random chromosomal changes identified over the past years suggest the involvement of genetic alterations. Amplification of the human N-myc proto-oncogene is frequently seen either in extrachromosomal double minutes or in homogeneously staining regions (HSRs) of aggressively growing neuroblastomas. N-myc maps to chromosome 2 band 24, but HSR have never been observed at this band, suggesting transposition of N-myc during amplification. We have constructed and analyzed the region-specific painting probe for HSR in neuroblastoma IMR-32 to determine the derivative chromosomes. Microdissection was performed on HSR using an inverted microscope with the help of microglass needles and an micromanipulator. We pretreated the microdissected fragments with Topoisomerase I which catalyzes the relaxation of supercolled DNA, and performed two initial rounds of DNA synthesis with T7 DNA polymerase followed by conventional PCR to enable the reliable preparation of Fluorescent in situ hybridization probe from a single microdissected chromosome. With this method, it was possible to construct the region-specific painting probe for HSR. The probe hybridized specifically to the HSRs of IMR-32, and to 2p24, 2p13 of normal chromosome. Our results suggest there was coamplification of N-myc together with DNA of the chromosome 2p24 and 2p13. Moreover, the fluorescent signals for the amplified chromosomal regions in IMR-32 cells were also easily recognized at a Thus this painting probe can be applied to detect the similar amplification of N-myc in neuroblastoma tissue, and the probe pool for HSR may be used to identify the cancer-relevant genes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.349-350
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• 2015

국내 입원 스트레스와 관련된 연구는 1970년대 중반부터 꾸준히 지속되어 2000년 중반 이후 급증하였으며, 대다수의 연구가 장기 입원환자를 대상으로 한 서술적 연구였고, 대부분의 연구에서 오래 전에 개발된 Volicer et al.의 HSRS(Hospital Stress Rating Scale)에 기반하여 입원 스트레스를 측정하고 있었다. 따라서 향후에는 한국인의 사회 문화적 특성과 고유한 정서에 맞고 현재 우리나라 의료 실정에 근거한 입원 스트레스를 규명하는 질적연구를 통해 이론적인 지식체를 축적하여야 하며, 이러한 연구결과의 함의에 맞는 측정 도구의 개발로 국외에서 개발된 오래된 측정도구들을 대치할 수 있어야 할 것이다. 또한 단기 입원 환자를 대상으로 입원 스트레스를 경감시키기 위한 중재와 그 효과를 측정할 수 있는 실험연구가 보다 많이 진행되어져야 하겠다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.35.1-40
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• 2001

This study is on the behavior analysis which can define and verify a system requirement through a behavior diagram for High speed rail system. The model considered in this study is limited to the preconditioning control of the control system specification for HSRS. To build an executable model, requirements should be decomposed first into leaf node requirements. The behavior model is composed of input, output, and functions which are linked with leaf node requirements. It is important that a single requirement must specify a single Auction. Using the developed executable model and the traceability between requirements and functions, this study found out a lot of static and dynamic inconsistency, missed and derived requirements. This is to develop and executable behavior model to do functional analysis and be able to verify the integrity of a specification.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.345-349
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• 2009

In Part II, the paper will describe a three-phase alumina-based nanoceramic composite demonstrating superplasticity at a surprisingly lower temperature and higher strain rate. One important factor in the processing of these nanocomposites was the use of the electrical field assisted sintering method, SPS. These improvements in mechanical properties were briefly discussed in the context of the results from the microstructural investigations. SPS forming approach provides a new route for low temperature and high-strain-rate superplasticity for nanostructured materials and should impact and interest a broad range of scientists in materials research and superplastic forming technology.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.148-156
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• 2016

This study proposes the structural model of inpatient's satisfaction with their room. Relationship among patients' privacy, patients' stress, and patients' satisfaction were evaluated and were discussed. Survey research followed the literature review, in which the subjects answered questions of the 12 items for the patients' privacy requirements, 10 items selected from the HSRS, and an item of patients' satisfaction. A total of 120 copies were analyzed through the statistical process using the SPSS Win Program 20.0 and SEM by the AMOS 20.0. Results and conclusions are as follows: (1) the inpatients' privacy requirements was subdivided into 'the reserve factor', 'the territoriality factor', and 'the solitude factor'. (2) The inpatients' stress level was subdivided into 'the relationship factor', 'the unfamiliarity factor', and 'the control factor'. (3) The model of relationship among the subjects' privacy requirements, stress level and their satisfaction with the patients' room showed that the subjects' stress level affected their satisfaction with the patients' room directly and the subjects' privacy requirements gave an direct and indirect effect on their' stress level and an indirect effect on their satisfaction with patients' room.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.4061-4076
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• 2017

With the development of high-speed railway technologies, train velocities can now reach speeds up to 350 km/h, and higher in the future. In high-speed railway systems (HSRs), loss of communication can result in serious accidents, especially when the train is controlled through wireless communications. For to this reason, operators of Long Term Evolution for Railway (LTE-R) communication systems install eNodeBs (eNBs) with high density to achieve highly reliable communications. However, densely located eNBs can result in unnecessary frequent handovers (HOs) resulting in instability because, during every HO process, there is a period of time in which the communication link is disconnected. To solve this problem, in this paper, an HO scheme based on the maximum cell residence time (CRT) and adaptive time to trigger (aTTT), which are collectively called CaT, is proposed to reduce unnecessary HOs (using CRT estimations) and decrease HO failures by improving the handover command transmission point (HCTP) in LTE-R HSR communications.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

This paper analyzes optimal watershed management focusing on reservoir-level sediment removal techniques. Although dams and reservoirs provide several benefits, sedimentation may reduce their storage capacity. As of today, the Aswan High Dam (AHD) in Egypt faces approximately 76% reduced life of the reservoir. Since the AHD is the major fresh water source in Egypt, sustainable use of this resource is extremely important. A model is developed to simultaneously determine optimal sediment removal strategies for upstream soil conservation efforts and reservoir-level sediment control. Two sediment removal techniques are considered: mechanical dredging and hydro-suction sediment removal system (HSRS). Moreover, different levels of upstream soil conservation efforts have introduced to control soil erosion, which is a major contributor of reservoir storage capacity reduction. We compare a baseline case, which implies no management alternative, to non-cooperative and social planners' solution. Our empirical results indicate that the socially optimal sediment removal technique is a mechanical dredging with unconstrained amount with providing a sustainable life of the reservoir. From the empirical results, we find that social welfare can be as high as $151.01 billion, and is sensitive to interest rates and agricultural soil loss.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.374-386
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• 2023

Thermal stress induces dynamic changes in nuclear proteins and relevant physiology as a part of the heat shock response (HSR). However, how the nuclear HSR is fine-tuned for cellular homeostasis remains elusive. Here, we show that mitochondrial activity plays an important role in nuclear proteostasis and genome stability through two distinct HSR pathways. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRP) depletion enhanced the nucleolar granule formation of HSP70 and ubiquitin during HSR while facilitating the recovery of damaged nuclear proteins and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport. Treatment of the mitochondrial proton gradient uncoupler masked MRP-depletion effects, implicating oxidative phosphorylation in these nuclear HSRs. On the other hand, MRP depletion and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger non-additively decreased mitochondrial ROS generation during HSR, thereby protecting the nuclear genome from DNA damage. These results suggest that suboptimal mitochondrial activity sustains nuclear homeostasis under cellular stress, providing plausible evidence for optimal endosymbiotic evolution via mitochondria-to-nuclear communication.