• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 1995

The cDNA, encoding human lysozyme (HLY) which was isolated from a human placenta cDNA library, has been well characterized (Yoshimura et al., 1988). Based on the communication, we have prepared an artificial HLY gene from chemically synthesized 38-oligomer with high codon usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For directing the synthesis and secretion of HLY in S. cerevisiae, an expression vector, pHKl was constructed by inserting the HLY gene, containing a synthetic HLY secretion signal sequence, between the yeast GAP promoter and PH05 terminator. From a lysoplate assay, we have confirmed an yeast transformant harboring a pHK1 which makes a clearing zone on the overlayed Micrococcus luteus. This result means a chemically synthesized HLY gene which was normally expressed and secreted in yeast.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.329-333
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• 2004

Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) head kidney (HK) leukocytes were incubated with $10^3$ to $10^{-3}$ ng levamisole/ml for 4, 24 or 48 h and then assayed for their natural cytotoxic activity against xenogeneic tumor cells. This activity was slightly increased after 24 h of incubation. In a second experiment, fish were fed 0, 75, 150 or 300 mg levamisole/kg diet for 10 consecutive days. The fish were then fed a commercial non-supplemented diet and sampled 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 weeks post-administration of levamisole. The cytotoxic activity was found to be increased with increasing levamisole dose and remained greatly enhanced until the end of the experiment. In conclusion, levamisole enhanced flounder natural cytotoxic cell activity both in vitro and in vivo and had a great lasting action when administered by feeding.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.186-190
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• 1997

We measured an anisotropy inhomogeniety and dispersion of rf sputterd permalloy thin films by TBP(Transverse Biased Permeability) measurement method. Angular distribution function had a shape similar to the Lorentzian distribution, but magnitude distribution function deviates from the sysmetric Lorentzian distribution because of long tail to the region of a high Hk value. With increasing film thickness, the angular and magnitude anisotropy dispersion increased. The increase of angular dispersion was due to both the increase of grain size and local anisotropy in thicker films.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.922-938
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• 2008

Objectives : Rhodiola rosea has been used in herbal medicine to treat various conditions, such as antimelancholia, antifatigue, improvement of work competence and prevention of altitude sickness. In this study, we investigated effects of Rhodiola rosea extract (KH101) on fatigue in forced swimming rats. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with fatigue by forced swimming, then rats in each group were treated with KH101. We observed changes of glucose, LDH and cortisol in serum and LDH, glycogen, hexokinase, citrate synthase MDH, SDH and CK in muscle. Results : Obtained results were as follows: 1. Continuance times of exercise significantly increased in all groups at day 1, in the 50 mg/kg concentration group at day 2, in all groups at day 3 and in the 50 mg/kg conc. group at day 4. 2. In serum, glucose significantly decreased in all concentration groups. 3. In the soleus muscle, LDH significantly decreased in the 50 mg/kg concentration group. HK significantly decreased in the 100 mg/kg conc. group. SDH significantly increased in the 100 mg/kg conc. MDH were significantly decreased in all conc. groups. 4. In the gastrocnemius muscle, HK significantly decreased in all concentration groups, while MDH significantly increased all conc. groups. Conclusions : It is concluded that the KH101 has and anti-fatigue effect in rats. Additional studies are needed to find the mechanism of the association between each single herb.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1764-1772
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• 2017

Objective: This study investigated the effects of different dietary energy sources on early postmortem muscle metabolism of finishing pigs. Methods: Seventy-two barrow ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$, DLY) pigs ($65.0{\pm}2.0kg$) were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets: A (44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat, and 12.6% neutral detergent fibre [NDF]), B (37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat, and 15.4% NDF) or C (30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat, and 17.8% NDF). After the duration of 28-day feeding experiment, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered and the M. longissimus lumborum (LL) samples at 45 min postmortem were collected. Results: Compared with diet A, diet C resulted in greater adenosine triphosphate and decreased phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations, greater activity of creatine kinase and reduced percentage bound activities of hexokinase (HK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) in LL muscles (p<0.05). Moreover, diet C decreased the phosphor-AKT level and increased the hydroxy-hypoxia-inducible $factor-1{\alpha}$ ($HIF-1{\alpha}$) level, as well as decreased the bound protein expressions of HK II, PKM2, and lactate dehydrogenase A (p<0.05). Conclusion: Diet C with the lowest level of starch and the highest levels of fat and NDF could enhance the PCr utilization and attenuate glycolysis early postmortem in LL muscle of finishing pigs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1316-1324
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• 2014

Most beta-glucans obtained from various fruit bodies of mushrooms and mushroom mycelial cultures have high-molecular weight glycoproteins, conjugated with beta-glucans. We report that isoflavone-conjugated glycolproteins (designated as gluvone) were isolated and exhibited stronger anticarcinogenic activities. Agaricus blazei mycelia (ABM) was cultured in a liquid medium containing soybean flakes for 14 days. The liquid culture was autolyzed by incubating at $53^{\circ}C$ (pH 5.5) for 3 h. A crude glycoprotein (CGP) fraction with a cytotoxic effect on a mouse ascite cancer cell line (S-180) and a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was isolated from the autolyzed ABM cultures by 80% ethanol treatment. Gluvone was isolated from the CGP with Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. It exhibited a stronger anticancer effect than CGP against the S-180 cell-induced female ICR mouse ascites carcinogenesis. Gluvone with 9,400 daltons was identified as a glycoprotein conjugated with isoflavone. According to HPLC and GC analysis, in conjunction with $^1H$-NMR spectral analysis, it contained 60% carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, and ribose), 31% protein, and 2% isoflavone (daidzein and genistein), which is a novel material. These results indicate that a strong anticarcinogenic gluvone was isolated from the autolyzed product of a submerged liquid culture of ABM, suggesting that autolysis could be a useful tool to produce antitumor agents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1077-1082
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• 2013

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis. We aimed to explore whether the expression of Long Non-Coding RNA (LncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is associated with RCC genesis. Methods: We selected twelve clinical samples diagnosed for renal clear cell carcinoma and found that the LncRNA GAS5 transcript levels were significantly reduced relative to those in adjacent unaffected normal renal tissues. Results: In addition, expression of GAS5 was lower in the RCC cell line A498 than that in normal renal cell line HK-2. Furthermore, using functional expression cloning, we found that overexpression of GAS5 in A498 cells inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycling. At the same time, the migration and invasion potential of A498 cells were inhibited compared to control groups. Conclusion: Our study provided the first evidence that a decrease in GAS5 expression is associated with RCC genesis and progression and overexpression of GAS5 can act as a tumor suppressor for RCC, providing a potential attractive therapeutic approach for this malignancy.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2020

Clerodendrum trichotomum is a folk medicine exhibiting anti-hypertension, anti-arthritis, and anti-rheumatism properties. However, little is known about whether the material might prevent hyperuricemia and associated inflammation. In this study, we explored whether C. trichotomum leaf extract (CTE) prevented hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonate (PO) in mice. CTE (400 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the serum uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine levels and increased urine UA and creatinine levels. CTE ameliorated PO-induced inflammation and apoptosis by reducing the levels of relevant proteins in kidney tissues. Also, CTE ameliorated both UA-induced inflammatory response in RAW 263.7 cells and UA-induced cytotoxicity in HK-2 cells. In addition, liver transcriptome analysis showed that CTE enriched mainly the genes for mediating positive regulation of MAPK cascade and apoptotic signaling pathways. Together, the results show that CTE effectively prevents hyperuricemia and associated inflammation in PO-induced mice.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.4 no.S2
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• pp.131-138
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• 1995

The broad beam ion sources of hot filament plasma type have widely used for modifications of materials and thin films, and the new type intensive current broad beam metal ion source including reactive gaseous ion beams is needed for preparing the hard coating films such as DLC, $\beta-C_3N_4$ Carbides, Nitrides, Borides etc. Now a electorn beam evaporation(EBE) broad beam metal ion source has been developed for this purpose in our lab. CN film has been formed by the EBE ion source. Study of the CN film shows that it has high hardness(HK=5800kgf/$\textrm {mm}^2$)and good adhesion. This method can widely changes the ratio of C/N atom's concentrations from 0.14 to 0.6 and has high coating rate. The low energy pocket ion source which was specially designed for surface texturing of medical silicon rubber was also developed. It has high efficiency and large uniform working zone. Both nature texturing and mesh masked texturing of silicon rubbers were performed. The biocompatibility was tested by culture of monocytes, and the results showed improved biocompatibility for the treated silicon rubbers. In addition, the TiB2 film synthesized by IBED is being studied recently in our lab. In this paper, the results which include the hardness, thickness of the films and the AES, XRD analysis as well as the tests of the oxidation of high temperature and erosion will be presented.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.220-226
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• 2009

Cr-O-N coatings having different oxygen contents were deposited on Si wafer and SUS 304 substrates by an arc ion plating technique using Cr target in $Ar/O_2/N_2$ gaseous atmosphere. As increasing oxygen content in the coating, the microstructure of Cr-O-N coating changed from polycrystalline having NaCl structure to amorphous structure. Further increase of oxygen content resulted in phase transformation from amorphous to rhombohedral structure. From the variations of d value and average grain size, it was revealed that the maximum solubility of oxygen in Cr-O-N coating was about 21 at.%. And the maximum micro-hardness of 2751HK was obtained in this composition. The lowest friction coefficient was measured in the coating having 34.8 at.% of oxygen. However, more narrow width of wear track was found in the coating having 30.1 at.% of oxygen.