• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.888-894
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• 2006

Objectives : For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Ricinus communis were tested for their inhibitory effects on essential enzymes reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and alpha-glucosidase. Inhibition activity of major compounds of Ricinus communis were predicted from quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) in silico. Methods and Results : In the anti-HIV-1 RT using enzyme-linked oligonucleotide sorbent assay (ELOSA) method, water and methanol extracts (100ug/ml) of Ricinus communis showed strong activity of 94.2% and 82.7%, respectively. In the HIV-1 protease and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay, neither water nor methanol extracts of Ricinus communis inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave any substrates as oligopeptides and oligosaccharides. Conclusions : We found that for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the RT in vitro is due to the secondary metabolites of Ricinus communis such as ricinine and quercetin. It would beof great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agents up to date are RT inhibitors.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2004

For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Solanum nigrum L. were tested for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication and its essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase. In the assay of HIV-1-infected human T-cell line, water extracts inhibited the HIV- 1 -induced cytopathic effects with IC (inhibitory concentration) of 100 ug/ml. Moreover water extracts (100ug/ml) of aerial parts showed strong activity of 32.6% on anti-HIV-1 PR using the activity of the enzyme to cleave an oligopeptide. In the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition assay, aqueous extract a inhibited 17.4%, but no glucosidase inhibitory activities. We found out this result, for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the viral replication in vitro is due to the inhibition at least one of PR and RT. It would be of great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agent up to date are PR, RT and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitors.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2006

Objectives : For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Actinidia arguta were tested for their inhibitory effects on essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and ${\alpha}-\;glucosidase$. And we predicted inhibition activity of major compounds of Actinidia arguta using Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR). Methods : In this assay the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is measured as the formation of a strand of copy-DNA (cDNA) using RNA as a template. The activity of HIV-1 protease is measured as the cleavage of an oligopeptide by HIV-1 protease. Results : In the anti-HIV-1 RT using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Sorbent Assay (ELOSA) method, water extracts (100ug/ml) of stem and leaf showed strong activity of 93.9% and 91.9%, respectively. In the HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave an oligopeptide, resembling one of the cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein which can only be processed by HIV-1 protease with 56.8%. In the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract showed activity of 73.1%. Conclusion : We found out this result, for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the viral replication in vitro is due to the inhibition at least one of RT and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. It would be of great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agent up to date are RT, PR and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitors.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1129-1133
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• 2004

For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Kalopanax pictus were tested for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication and its essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT). protease and α-glucosidase. In the assay of HIV-1-infected human T-cell line, water extracts of stem and leafstalk inhibited the HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects with Ie (inhibitory concentration) of 25 and 50㎍/㎖, respectively. Moreover water extracts (100㎍/㎖) of stem and leafstalk showed strong activity of 80% and 90% on anti-HIV-1 RT using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Sorbent Assay (ELOSA) method. In the HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave an oligopeptide, resembling one of the cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein which can only be processed by HIV-1 protease with 58%, but no glucosidase inhibitory activities. We found out this result, for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the viral replication in vitro is due to the inhibition at least one of RT and protease. It would be of great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agent up to date are RT, PR and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2012

능소화 추출물의 HIV-1에 대한 항바이러스 효과를 복제 관련 효소에 대한 억제실험과 바이러스 복제억제 실험을 통하여 살펴보았다. 역전사효소 억제활성을 ELOSA 방법으로 실험한 결과 능소화 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 각각 37.9%의 활성을 나타내었고, 능소화 잎과 줄기의 메탄올 추출물에서 33.6% 및 31.5%의 HIV-1 protease 억제활성 나타 내었다. 그리고 HIV-1 복제 억제활성은 MT-4 세포에 대한 HIV-1 유도 세포변성억제를 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 살펴본 결과 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 HIV-1 바이러스 증식을 완전히 억제하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.338-346
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• 1998

In order to elucidate the relationship between anti-HIV-1 enzyme activity and inhibition of HIV-1 replication by natural sources, extracts from some plants using the foods and oriental medicines were tested for inhibitory effects on the viral replication, reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. In the anti-RT test, water extracts of Ficus carica (leaf), Houttuynia cordata (aerial part) and Ixeris tamagawaensis (aerial part) showed more than 79% inhitibion at a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. The protease and ${\alpha}-glucosidase-inhibiting$ samples in the screening were water extract of Syringa dilatata (leaf) and methanol extract of Hibiscus syriacus (leaf and stem), which showed more than 40% inhibition at a concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. In the primary anti-HIV-1 test, water extracts of Equisetum arvense (aerial part), Hibiscus syriacus (leaf), Ixeris tamagawaensis (aerial part) and Pueraira thunbergiana (leaf) showed the potent inhibition against HIV-1 induced cytopathic effects.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.36-56
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• 2003

Selenium(Se) is an essential trace element in the human body. Main function of this element is a catalytic part of antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the attacks of free radicals that are produced during normal metabolism of the body. Se is also essential for normal function of the immune system and thyroid gland. It also appears to be a key nutrient in counteracting the development of virulence and inhibiting HIV(human immunodeficiency virus) progression to AIDS. It is also required for sperm motility and reduces the depression. Therefore, it is very meaningful that livestock producers generate Se-fortified animal products, such as Se-egg, Se-milk, Se-pork, Se-chicken and Se-beef from the point of producers as well as human heath. However, regulation on Se usage and Se-fortified food/feed is far from being clear in Korea even though Se should be carefully monitored because of its toxicity. Thus, one has to be aware of Se properties when designing Se-fortified animal products.