• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.608-614
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• 2009

The cation-exchange membrane which was sulfonated styrene-ethylene/buthlene-styrene(SEBS) block copolymer containing the high impact polystyrene (HIPS) was prepared via post-sulfonation and casting method using the epoxidized polybutadiene and divinylbenzene as crosslinking agents. Post-sulfonation was carried out with sulfuric acid as sulfonating agent and silver sulfate as initiator in the nitrogen atmosphere. The basic properties of membranes, degree of sulfonation (DS), water uptake, ion-exchange capacity (IEC), electrical resistance, and modulus have been examined. DS of membrane increased with increasing the sulfonation time. The maximum DS of membrane containing 10 wt% HIPS was 83.6 %. The water uptake and IEC of membranes gradually increased as increasing the DS. The maximum water uptake and IEC of membranes were 43.8 % and 1.14 meq/g, respectively. The lowest electrical resistance of membrane containing the 20 wt% HIPS was $83\;\Omega{\cdot}cm^2$. The electrical conductivity of membrane containing 10 wt% HIPS was $1.22\times10^{-4}S/cm$. The modulus of membrane increased with increasing DS and these values were 153 and $204\;kgf/cm^2$ before and after sulfonation, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.113-118
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• 2005

Recycle methodology was researched on the HIPS(High Impact Poly Styrene) materials which are used in modern industry widely, For the various mixing ratio between virgin pellets of HIPS and recycled ones, tensile strength and shrinkage ratio were analyzed with injection molding experiments and numerical simulations. In addition, the deviations of dimensional accuracy were observed in accordance with various molding conditions. Molding conditions such as mold and melt temperature were changed by 3 steps. Mixing ratio between virgin pellets of HIPS and recycled ones were under controlled with 15%, 30% and 45%.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.687-694
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• 2013

To investigate organoclay, high styrene resin masterbatch (HSR), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), and polystyrene (PS) as reinforcing materials for the improvement of the abrasion resistance of poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS), SBS/organoclay nanocomposites, SBS/HSR, SBS/HIPS, and SBS/PS blends were prepared. The effect of organoclay and blends on the abrasion resistance and mechanical properties of SBS was investigated. Even though intercalations of organoclay are observed for SBS/Cloisite 20A nanocomposites and not for SBS/Cloisite 30B composites, the abrasion resistance of SBS/Cloisite 20A nanocomposites is worse than that of SBS/Cloisite 30B composites. When SBS was blended with HSR, HIPS and PS, the abrasion resistance of the blends increases with increasing of HSR, HIPS and PS content from 0 to 20 wt%.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2008

High impact polystyrene (HIPS)/organoclay nanocomposites via in situ polymerization were synthesized and their rheological properties were investigated. For the study, two types of organoclays were used: a commercially available organoclay, Cloisite 10A (C10A), and a laboratory-prepared organoclay having a reactant group, vinylclay (ODVC). The X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy experiments revealed that the HIPS/ODVC nanocomposite achieved an exfoliated structure, whereas the HIPS/C10A nanocomposite achieved an intercalated structure. In the small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments, both storage modulus and complex viscosity increased with increasing organoclay. A pronounced effect of the organoclay content was observed, resulting in larger storage modulus and stronger yield behavior in the low frequency region when compared to neat HIPS. The crossover frequencies associated with the inverse of a longest relaxation time decreased as the organoclay content increased. Over a certain value of ODVC content, a change of pattern in rheological properties could be found, indicating a solid-like response with storage modulus greater than loss modulus at all frequencies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.259-264
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• 2005

The shrinkage of the product in injection molded part occurs due to the volume change with variation of temperature and pressure and is influenced by the processing conditions of injection molding. Mold designers greatly concerns the shrinkage of parts for a high dimensional accuracy. In this study, bar type HIPS specimen with 15x19 grid on the surface was tested. The amount of shrinkage of flow and transverse directions was examined with respect to the injection molding conditions such as melt temperature, injection speed, holding pressure, mold temperature and cooling time. As the packing pressure increased, the difference of shrinkage of both directions is decreased and the absolute shrinkage value also decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Rheology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.155-158
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• 2002

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.211-217
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• 2011

In this study, ion exchange membranes were prepared using high impact polystyrene(HIPS) with various crosslinking and sulfonation time. Degree of sulfonation(DS) of sulfonated HIPS(SHIPS) membrane was increased with sulfonation time and decreased with crosslinking time. The highest value of DS was 66%. Also, water uptake and ion exchange capacity(IEC) of SHIPS membrane were decreased with degree of crosslinking and increased with sulfonation time. Then their values were 35.2% and 1.55 meq/g, respectively. Electrical resistance and ion conductivity of the membranes were showed more excellent value with sulfonation time. The maximum value of electrical resistance and ion conductivity were $0.4\Omega{\cdot}cm^{2}$ and 0.1 S/cm, respectively. It is indicated that the SHIPS membrane has the higher performance compare with Nafion 117. Durability of SHIPS membranes in a organic solvent was increased with increasing crosslinking time. The surface roughness of HIPS membranes were confirmed with SEM that was become uneven surface with progressing sulfonation.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.40-55
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• 1997

The purpose of this study are to examine the characters of the lower half body shape in the middle aged women and to make slacks patttern on the base of four difference body shapes as follows. The lower half body shapes were classified into 4 types on the basis of their lateral view silhouette, whose characters were summarized as followings. (1) "Type 1" meant the right body shape with the standard protrusion of abdomen and hips. (2) "Type 2" showed the body shape with prominent hips, which had the flat abdominal silhouette and the greatly curved hips silhouette. (3) "Type 3" was the body shape with the prominent abdomen and the flat hips, in which the frontal view silhouette of the abdomen was greatly curved and the rear view silhouette of hips is less curved. (4) "Type 4" was characterized with prominent abdomen and hips. The slaks patterns were based on the lower half body shape characters and resulted in followings. (1) In the type 1, little difference from conventional patterns was seen in experiment pattern, in which the front waist girth was W/4{\times}0.5cm+0.5cm+fold(2.5cm) and the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-0.5cm+dart(3.5cm). The front hip girth was defined as H/4+2.0cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-0.5cm due to its increased ease amount produced by abdominal fat deposition. (2) In the type 2 experimental pattern, the front and back differences of the waist girth and the hip girth were defined as 1.0cm and 2.0cm separately. Accordingly, the front waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+ 1.0cm+fold(2.0cm), the back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-1.0cm+dart(6.5cm), the front hip girth H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. (3) In type 3, the front waist girth was set up as W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+fold (4.5cm) for the increased front fold amount and the back waist girth was W/4+0.5cm+0.5cm+dart(3.0cm). The front hip girth was made as H/4+2.5cm+0.5cm and the back hip girth H/4+2.5cm-0.5cm. (4) In type 4, considered were $\circled1$ the increased fornt fold amount due to the abdonimal protrusion, $\circled2$ the increased back dart amount and the decreased back dart length owing to the hips prominent and $\circled3$ the front and back differences of waist and hip girth for the lateral view silhouette. Therefore the front waist girth was defined as W/4+0.5cm+2.0cm+flod (5.0cm), the back waist girth as W/4+0.5cm-20.cm+dart(4.0cm), the front hip girth as H/4+2.0cm+1.0cm and the back hip girth as H/4+2.0cm-1.0cm. The sensory evaluation of appearance and comfort was appeared more suitable on the experiment pattern than on the conventional pattern.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2000

This study focused on the recycling technology and application of waste polyurethane scrap($5{\sim}7mm$) and waste urethane form from the footware scrap. Firstly we suggest the waste polyurethane can be used as a component of medium for hydroponic rose culture. Secondly, recycled thermoplastic polyurethane(RTPU) was produced and blended it with high impact polystyrene(HIPS). And also, in order to extend application of recycling field, the former was produced with adding the amine foaming agent to RTPU/HIPS alloy. The main purpose of this study is to diverse of the recycling of the waste polyurethane.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.244-252
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• 2005

It is very interesting and important in the academic point of view and in practical use the hydrogen-induced phase separation(HIPS) which appears during hydrogen heat treatment. Since hydrogen can be removed very fast by pumping it out the hydrogen-induced new lattice phase which can not be obtained without hydrogen can be preserved as meta-stable state. In this study it has been investigated whether the HIPS appear in Pd-Al, Pd-Co, Pd-Cr, Pd-Ti, Pd-V and Pd-Zr alloys and discussed thermodynamic representation of the HIPS. The Pd alloys were arc-melted under argon atmosphere and remelted 4 or 5 times for homogenization. The alloys were annealed at 600$^{\circ}C$ under vacuum for 24 hrs and then subjected to pressure-composition isotherm measurements at 100$^{\circ}C$. The hydrogen heat treatment(HHT) of samples was carried out at 600$^{\circ}C$ under hydrogen pressure of 70 bar for 6 days and PC isotherms at 100$^{\circ}C$ were measured. By comparing the PC isotherms measured before and after HHT, occurrence of phase separation was determined. The experimental results showed that the HIPS appeared only in Pd-0.05Co alloy. For Pd-Co alloys with various composition the PC isotherms were measured. By adopting Park-Flanagan model for ternary thermodynamics the Gibbs free energy change for Pd-Co-H solid solution was calculated and subsequently with this the HIPS in Pd-Co alloy was explained fairly.