• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.190-198
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• 2018

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by microbial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), destroying gingival tissues and alveolar bone in the periodontium. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastic effects of panduratin A, a chalcone compound isolated from Boesenbergia pandurata, in human gingival fibroblast-1 (HGF-1) and RAW 264.7 cells. Treatment of panduratin A to LPS-stimulated HGF-1 significantly reduced the expression of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$), subsequently leading to the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-8 compared with that in the LPS control ($^{**}p$ < 0.01). These anti-inflammatory responses were mediated by suppressing the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and activator protein-1 complex formation pathways. Moreover, receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with panduratin A showed significant inhibition of osteoclastic transcription factors such as nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1 and c-Fos as well as osteoclastic enzymes such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and cathepsin K compared with those in the RANKL control ($^{**}p$ < 0.01). Similar to HGF-1, panduratin A suppressed osteoclastogenesis by controlling MAPK signaling pathways. Taken together, these results suggest that panduratin A could be a potential candidate for development as a natural anti-periodontitis agent.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.228-234
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• 2021

Hwangryunhaedoktang is one of the prescriptions used in traditional medicine for skin diseases. In this study, Hwangryunhaedoktang-Gamibang (HG) was fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a probiotic lactic acid bacterium, to evaluate its potential as a functional cosmetic composition. Strains with anti-inflammatory activity were selected by isolating lactic acid bacteria from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. HG was inoculated with lactic acid bacteria and the viability was measured. The supernatant was obtained by centrifugation of fermented Hwangryunhaedoktang-Gamibang (HGF) and HG, and the filtered supernatant was freeze-dried and used in the experiment. By measuring DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity, it was confirmed that the antioxidant activity was increased. RAW264.7 cells were inoculated with HG and HGF to confirm anti-inflammatory activity through NO assay, and production levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were measured through ELISA assay. It was confirmed that HGF had a greater decrease in production than HG. Through lactobacilli fermentation, the beneficial probiotic properties and antioxidant and pro-inflammatory activities of lactic acid bacteria suggest potential clinical or technical applications.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.633-638
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• 2022

Liver regeneration is a well-known systemic homeostatic phenomenon. The N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification pathway has been associated with liver regeneration and hepatocellular carcinoma. m⁶A methyltransferases, such as methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase 14 (METTL14), are involved in the hepatocyte-specific-regenerative pathway. To illustrate the role of METTL14, secreted from non-parenchymal liver cells, in the initiation phase of liver regeneration, we performed 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) in Mettl14 heterozygous (HET) and wild-type (WT) mice. Next, we analyzed the ratio of liver weight to body weight and the expression of mitogenic stimulators derived from non-parenchymal liver cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression of cell cycle-related genes and the hepatocyte proliferation rate via MKI67-immunostaining. During regeneration after PH, the weight ratio was lower in Mettl14 HET mice compared to WT mice. The expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, mitogens derived from non-parenchymal liver cells that stimulate the cell cycle, as well as the expressions of cyclin B1 and D1, which regulate the cell cycle, and the number of MKI67-positive cells, which indicate proliferative hepatocyte in the late G1-M phase, were significantly reduced in Mettl14 HET mice 72 h after PH. Our findings demonstrate that global Mettl14 mutation may interrupt the homeostasis of liver regeneration after an acute injury like PH by restraining certain mitogens, such as HGF and TNF-α, derived from sinusoidal endothelial cells, stellate cells, and Kupffer cells. These results provide new insights into the role of METTL14 in the clinical treatment strategies of liver disease.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

Purpose : Human gingival fibroblast cell is one of the the main cell types in periodontal tissue, which they can show anti-inflammatory activity through the production of numerous lines of inflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and interleukins. Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the oral pathogens, has reported to play a critical role in the development of periodontal diseases. This study aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of Gracilaria textorii ethanol extract (GTEE) in P. gingivalis derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS-PG) stimulated human gingival fibroblast (HGF)-1 cell line. Methods : In order to analyze anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of GTEE in HGF-1 cell line, NOS enzyme activity, expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase (NQO)1 and their transcription factors were estimated by Griess reaction and western hybridization. Results : LPS-PG induced overexpression of iNOS and COX-2, which was significantly attenuated by GTEE treatment in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. In addition, intracellular NOS activity was in accordance with the result of iNOS expression. Due to important role in the regulation of inflammatory responses, phosphorylated status of p65 and c-jun, each subunit of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein (AP)-1, was also dose-dependently ameliorated by GTEE treatment. One of phase II enzymes, NQO1, and its transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), were analyzed since elevated phase II enzyme expression inhibited inflammatory response, which was significantly elevated by GTEE treatment in HGF-1 cell line. Conclusion : In conclusion, GTEE mitigated LPS-PG-stimulated inflammatory responses by attenuating NF-κB and AP-1 activation as well as accelerating NQO1 and Nrf2 expression in HGF-1 cell line. These results indicate that GTEE might be utilized a promising strategy for potential anti-inflammatory agent in periodontal diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.289-295
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• 2006

Sodium fluoride (NaF) has been shown to be cytotoxic and elicit inflammatory response in human. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying NaF-induced cytotoxicity in periodontal tissues have not yet been elucidated. This study is aimed to investigate the mechanisms of NaF-induced apoptosis in human gingival fibroblast (HGF). NaF decreased the cell viability of HGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner. NaF gave rise to apoptotic morphological changes including cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation. However, NaF did not affect the production of ROS. In addition, NaF augumented cytochrome c release from mitochondria into the cytosol, and enhanced caspase -9 and -3 activities., cleavage (85 kDa fragments) of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and upregulation of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) 1. These results demonstrated that NaF-induced apoptosis in HGF may be mediated with mitochondria. Furthermore, NaF elevated caspase-8 activity and upregulated Fas-ligand (Fas-L), suggesting involvement of death receptor mediated pathway in NaF-induced apoptosis. Expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, was downregulated, whereas expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, was not affected in NaF-treated HGF. These results suggest that NaF induces apoptosis in HGF through both mitochondria- and death receptor-mediated pathway mediated by Bcl-2 family.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.243-254
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• 2002

For the purpose of evaluating the biocompatability of 3 kinds of metallic materials frequently used in pediatric dentistry (stainless steel crown, orthodontic band, orthodontic wire), cellular and molecular studies, including cell growth and proliferation, screening of cell death with determination of types whether necrosis or apoptosis and changes in expressions of related signaling molecules were examined, using cultured human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1), HGF-1 was cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. among which the 3rd to 6th generations of HGF-1 were used. The specimen were divided into stainless steel crown (R), band (B) and wire (W). The immunocytochemical study was done for the detection of anti-PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) labeling. With extracted protein, western blot was done for the detection of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, using individual antibodies. Cultured cells proliferated, remarkably till 7 day and slightly at 11 day. There was no statistical significance in the counts of proliferating HGF-1 between control and experimental groups (p>0.05). Relative growth rates were no statistically significant difference between control and experimental groups (p>0.05). PCNA labeling indexes showing similar patterns in control and experimental groups. The expressions of ERK1 and ERK2, p38 were similar in control and experimental groups. The expression of JNK increased at 1st day, slightly decreased at 4th day and markedly increased at 7th and 11 day. Although the patterns of control and experimental groups were similar, the increased expressions of JNK at late period suggest a possible stress due to inhibited cell growth and proliferation, and worse culture condition. Conclusively, the 3 kinds of metal specimens used in this study did not induce cellular and molecular hazards during short term culture of HGF-1. But, for the better clinical stability, the establishment of long period culture and animal experiment was thought necessary.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.191-194
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of Australia propolis against cariogenic and periodontopathic bacteria. Antimicrobial activity was determined by evaluating the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Cell cytotoxicity of propolis extract on normal human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) cells was observed using the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The data indicated that, with the exception of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (KCOM 1306), the MBC values of the propolis strains were 0.25-1% without HGF-1 cell cytotoxicity. These results suggest that propolis can be used to develop oral hygiene products for the prevention of oral infectious disease.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Several studies have investigated the various effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Previously, we reported that co-treatment with L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 maintained differentiation potential in MSCs through expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex on the proliferation and differentiation potential of MSCs during a 2-month culture period. Co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased approximately a 4.7-fold higher accumulation rate of MSC numbers than that by FGF-2 single treatment during a 2-month culture period. Interestingly, co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex increased expression of HGF and maintained adipogenic differentiation potential during this culture period. These results suggest that co-treatment with FGF-2 and Dex preserves the proliferation and differentiation potential during long-term culture.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of bamboo charcoal on Streptococcus mutans which is one of the most important causative agents of dental caries. Methods : S. mutans was incubated with or without bamboo charcoal and then changes were observed in its cell viability and antibacterial effect. Oral epithelial cells viabillity(human gingival fibroblast, HGF) was performed using MTT assay. Antibacterial effect was analyzed using a dilution plating method and agar diffusion method. Results : Oral epithelial cells, human gingival fibroblast (HGF) showed a tendency to increase in bamboo charcoal treatment solution concentrations(0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10%). The bamboo charcoal had an antibacterial effect on S. mutans. Antibacterial effect of bamboo charcoal for the bacterium was 58%. Charcoal concentration of 2% and 5% in the inhibition zone showed a minimal growth, but the concentration of 10% bamboo charcoal in inhibition zone revealed a conspicuous antibacterial activity. Conclusions : Overall results suggested that the bamboo charcoal proved to be bactericidal effect on S. mutans.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2014

Purpose: Current common method of cytotoxicity evaluation for elastomeric impression materials use animal based cell lines, which the clinical relevance has been often questioned. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the difference in results with both human based and animal based fibroblast cell line. Materials and Methods: Three types of fibroblast cells were used in this study; conventional mouse fibroblasts of L929, human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1), and immortalized human oral fibrobalsts (hTERT-hNOF). Test on extract and test by direct contact using different commercially available elastomeric impression materials were carried out according to the international standards. Result: There was significant difference in cell viability between types of fibroblasts cell used, where HGF-1 showed highest cell viability and L929 the lowest. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, careful consideration must be given when selecting the cells and interpreting the results for cytotoxicity evaluation of elastomeric impression materials, where use of human based cell lines such as hTERT-hNOF would be appropriate for both ease of cytotoxicity test and clinical relevance.