• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the associations of non alcoholic fatty liver with metabolic syndrome and the serum carotenoids. Methods : This study was conducted in a general hospital in South Korea from November, 2004 to August, 2005. The study subjects were 350 sampled persons who were aged from 40 years and older (males : 180, females : 170). They were grouped into the normal, mild and severe groups according to fat accumulation in their livers, as determined by ultrasonography. We analyzed the association between non alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic syndrome by multiple logistic regression analysis and we analyzed the association between non alcoholic fatty liver and the serum carotenoids by a general linear model(ANCOVA). Results : After adjustment for the effect of potential covariates, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was associated with fat accumulation in the liver (p trend <0.001). If the odds ratio of normal group is 1.00, then that of the mild group is 2.80 (95% C.I=1.17-6.71) and that of the severe group is 7.29 (95% C.I=2.76-19.30). The prevalence of metabolic alterations fitting the criteria of metabolic syndrome, according to the class of fat accumulation in the liver, was significantly increased, except for criteria of high blood pressure, a large waist circumference and low HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol level (p trend <0.001). The level of serum ${\beta}$-carotene was decreased according to the class of fat accumulation in the liver (p trend=0.036), but the levels of serum ${\alpha}$-carotene, lycopene, ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin and lutein were not decreased. Conclusions : This study shows that non alcoholic fatty liver was associated with metabolic syndrome and with the serum ${\beta}$-carotene level.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2009

Objectives : The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between lifestyle-implementation and metabolic syndrome in an electronics research and development company, and to provide a foundation for health providers of health management programs for setting priorities. Methods : From July 1 to July 16, 2008 we carried out a descriptive cross-sectional survey. Consecutive workers of one R & D company in Seoul, Korea (N=2,079) were enrolled in study. A checklist for lifestyle (from the National Health Insurance Corporation) consisted of questions regarding diet, drinking, smoking and exercise. After the survey, researchers obtained data from health profiles for metabolic syndrome(waist-circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood sugar level). Lifestyle was recorded as good or not good. Statistical analysis of metabolic syndrome and the lifestyle of subjects was done using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results : The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our study gropu was 13.3% (N=277). After adjustment for age, the adjusted odds ratios (odds ratio, 95% confidence intervals) for metabolic syndrome increased in proportion to the number of bad habits: two (1.72, 1.23-2.44), three (2.47, 1.73-3.56), and four (3.63, 2.03-6.34). Relative to subjects eating both vegetables and meat', the OR for 'meat' eaters was 1.66 (1.18-2.31). Compared with 'nonsmokers and ever-smoker', the OR for 'current-smoker' was 1.62 (1.25-2.10). Compared with 'Healthy drinker', the OR for 'unhealthy drinker' was 1.38 (1.05-1.83). Conclusions : Poor lifestyle was associated with an increased likelihood of metabolic syndrome. These findings suggest that lifestyle-based occupational health interventions for young employees should include a specific diet, smoking cessation, and healthy-drinking programs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.547-556
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between frequency of coffee consumption, metabolic biomarkers, and nutrition intake in adult participants in the combined 2007~2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Subjects (2,095 males and 3,297 females) were classified according to sex and frequency of coffee consumption (${\leq}1$ time/month, ${\geq}2$ times/month and ${\leq}6$ times/week, 1 time/day, 2 times/day, 3 times/day) using food frequency questionnaires. Nutrition intake was analyzed using 24 h recall data. The 3 times/day coffee consumption group had a significantly higher age, and frequency of smokers and drinkers compared to the ${\leq}1$ time/month coffee consumption group in both male and female participants. Males in the 3 times/day coffee consumption group had a significantly lower HDL-cholesterol level, but females had a higher waist circumference compared with the ${\leq}1$ time/month coffee consumption group. Males in the 3 times/day coffee consumption group had a significantly lower nutrient density of fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin C, calcium and phosphorus compared with the ${\leq}1$ time/month coffee intake group. Females in the 3 times/day coffee consumption group had a significantly higher nutrient density of fat and niacin, but lower nutrient density of carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, and iron compared with the ${\leq}1$ time/month coffee intake group. In males, the frequency of coffee consumption was not associated with the levels of metabolic biomarkers. In females, the frequency of coffee consumption was positively associated with diastolic blood pressure after adjustments for multiple confounding factors, including age, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity and energy intake. Coffee consumption was associated with decreased diastolic blood pressure in females. These findings suggest the importance of an awareness of the association between coffee consumption and metabolic risk.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.532-538
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• 2016

난소의 노화에 의해 폐경이 시작되면 에스트로겐 분비가 중단되어 여러 폐경 증상들을 겪게 되는데 이것으로 인해 발병되는 성인병 질환에 대한 치료 또는 예방에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 난소절제술을 통해 폐경을 유도한 흰 쥐 모델에서 골담초 열수 추출물의 체내 물질 대사 관련 여부 및 개선 효과를 검토하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였다. Sprague-Dawley 암컷 쥐30마리를 비절제난소군(SHAM), 난소제거군(OVX) 그리고 골담초 추출물을 급여한 OVX-CS군으로 각각 10리씩 나누어 8주간 사육하였다. 체중 및 체중증가량 그리고 지방조직무게는 OVX군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며 OVX-CS 군에서 감소하였다. 에스트로겐 결핍으로 인한 혈장 중성지질, 총콜레스테롤 수준은 골담초 추출물 급여에 따라 감소하고 HDL 콜레스테롤 수준은 증가하였다. 또한 지방산 합성 관련 효소 활성도인 ME는 간조직에서는 OVX-CS군에서 유의적으로 감소하였고 G6PD 활성은 OVX 군들 간에는 차이가 없었다. 당신생합성 관련 효소인 G6pase 활성은 골담초 추출물 섭취에 따라 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. 혈장 아디포카인 측정 결과 렙틴 농도는 OVX-CS군이 정상군 수치만큼 감소하였으며, 아디포넥틴도 정상수준으로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 난소제거를 통해 폐경이 유도된 흰쥐모델에서 골담초 추출물 급여가 에스트로겐 결핍으로 인한 체중증가를 억제하고, 지질 및 당질 대사에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐 건강기능성 소재로서의 가능성이 높은 것으로 보이며, 추후 골담초의 구체적인 생활성물질을 추적하여 그 과학적 기전을 밝히는 것이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2004

폐경 전후 여성에서의 갱년기 증상 등은 흔하게 발생되는 문제이며 이에 대한 해결책으로서 오랜 기간 동안 여성 호르몬 대체요법이 사용되어져 왔다. 그러나 최근 여성호르몬 대체 요법에 따른 유방암 및 심혈관 질환 위험 증가로, 자연 여성호르몬 대체요법의 사용 효과에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이 연구는 자연 생약 추출물이 갱년기 증상에 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 복합 자연 요법의 유용성을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구 시점에서 실험군과 대조군간의 기초적인 신체 특성과 혈중 호르몬 수치, 골대사지표, 그리고 혈중 지질은 차이가 없었다. 성장호르몬 수치로서 IGF-1 혈중농도가 실험군에서 증가하였으나, 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 연구시점에 갱년기증상을 가지고 있었던 대상자중 실험군에서는 57.1%, 대조군에서는 16.7%에서 증상이 개선되었으며 (OR=6.67, 95% C.I.0.49-91.33), 연구 개시점에는 특별한 증상을 느끼지는 않았으나 연구 종료 시점에서 이전에 비해 개선된 효과를 보였다고 대답한 대상자는 실험군에서 58.3%, 대조군에서는 21.7%로서 실험군에서 개선된 비율이 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았다(OR=5.04, 95% C.I. 1.40-18.14). 치료 후 3개월에 시행한 실험군과 대조군 사이의 체질량지수, 혈압, 혈중, E2, FSH, Osteocalcin, Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG 등은 연구개시점과 연구종료 시점 사이에서의 평균변화는 통계학적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 골생성 지표인 혈중 ALKP는 시험제 투여 3개월 이후 실험군에서 통계학적으로 유의한 감소를 보여 1년 후 골밀도의 상승효과가 기대되었다(p＜0.01). 혈중 중성지방 (TG)은 시험제 투여 1개월 후 대조군에서는 투여전 대비 26.9$\pm$62 (mg%) 증가하였고, 3개월 후 12.852 (mg%) 증가하였으나, 실험군에서는 1개월후 -8.040 (mg%) 감소하였고, 3개월 후 -4.436 (mg%) 감소하여 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p＜0.01, Student t-test). 시험제 3개월 치료 후 실험군의 체중, 수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압은 대조군에 비하여 감소하는 비율이 높았으나 통계학적인 유의성은 보이지 않았다(p＞0.05). 연구시점에 고혈압 상태였으나 시험 제 투여 3개월 후 정상혈압으로 판정 된 사람의 비율은 실험 군에서 대조군에 비해 더 많았으나 통계학적인 의미는 없었다(p＞0.05).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2013

본 연구는 흰쥐에서 저분자량(1~3 kDa) 키토올리고당(chitooligosaccharide, COS)이 장내 미생물에 미치는 항균활성과 지질 개선에 관한 용량-반응 효과를 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 4주령 된 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 32마리를 1주일 동안 사육 환경에 적응시킨 후 군당 8마리씩 4군으로 나누어서 고지방식이에 키토올리고당을 0%(대조식이), 0.5%, 2%, 5% 수준으로 첨가한 식이를 5주 동안 자유롭게 급여하였다. 실험식이 5주째에 장 통과시간을 측정하였고, 신선한 분변을 취하여 장내 균수를 측정하였으며, 희생 후 혈장 지질, 간 지질, GPT 활성, 분변 지질을 측정하였다. 체중 증가량과 식이섭취량은 COS 5% 첨가군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 분변 중 bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, bacteroides, total anaerobes, total aerobes 수는 대조군, COS 0.5% 첨가군과 COS 2% 첨가군 사이에 차이가 없었으나, COS 5% 첨가군에서는 모두 유의하게 감소하였다. 혈장 총 콜레스테롤, HDL-C 및 LDL-C 농도는 군간 차이가 없었으나, 중성지방 농도는 COS 2% 첨가군과 COS 5% 첨가군에서 유의하게 낮았으며, 키토올리고당의 용량이 높아질수록 낮았다. 간 조직의 중성지방 농도는 COS 5% 첨가군에서 낮았으며, 반면에 분변의 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 농도는 COS 5% 첨가군에서 높았으나 담즙산은 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 저분자량(1~3 kDa) 키토올리고당을 5% 첨가한 식이는 흰쥐의 식이섭취량, 체중증가량, 혈장 중성지방을 낮추어 지질 개선효과를 보였고, 분변의 혐기성균 중에 bacteroides의 균수를 크게 감소시켰으며 bifidobacteria와 lactobacilli 균수도 억제함으로써 장 미생물생태 변화를 초래하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.555-568
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• 1992

This study was to compare the effects of dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and fat unsaturation on plasma lipids and chemical composition of VLDL and LDL fraction and lipogenic enzymes activity in rat liver under the conditions providing 1) a similar amount of n-6, n-3 fatty acids(LA, ALA, EPA+DHA) in diets and 2) the various degree of fat unsaturation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 420g were treated for 6-n with six experimental diets providing 25% of energy as fat and which were different only in fatty acid composition. The fats used for a source of each fatty acid were beet tallow for saturated fatty acid corn oil for n-6 linoleic acid(LA) perilla oil for n-3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid(ALA) and fish oil n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-3 docosahexaenoic acid(DHA). Plasma cholesterol level was increased by corn oil to compare with beef tallow but was decreased by perilla oil or fish oil. Plasma TG level was significantly decreased by perilla oil or fish oil. Fish oil significantly reduced the level of HDL-Chol and the proportion of Chol in LDL fraction and that of TG in vVLDL fraction. Overall there was a singificant negative correlation between the level of each plasma lipid(Chol TG, VLDL-TG, LDL-C) and the degree of fat unsaturation. However this rerlationship is not always true when compared the hypolipidemic effect of each fatty acid at a similar level of fat unsaturation. There was a trend such taht glucose 6-P dehydrogenase 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme activites were reduced by n-3 fatty acids. Perilla oil significantly increased the incorporation of c20:5 and c22:5 into liver tissue and fish oil suignificantly increased the incorporation of c20:5, c22:6 into liver tissue and the effect of long chain n-3 fatty acid incorporation was greater by fish oil. therefore the hypotriglyceridemic effect of n-3 fatty acid could be resulted from the interference of hepatic lipogenesis by long-chain n-3 fatty acids and the reduced proportion of TG in VLDL fraction and its effect was greater by n-3 EPA+DHA than n-3 ALA even though plasma Chol and TG levels were also influenced by the degree of dietary fat unsaturation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.703-707
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• 2007

본 연구는 누에고치를 가수분해하여 얻은 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물이 비만형 당뇨병 모델인 OLETF 쥐의 당뇨병 개선에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 27주령의 OLETF 쥐를 당뇨대조군과 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물 0.5%, 0.8% 섭취군으로 나누어 19주 동안 음수로 섭취시켰다. 19주 동안 실험동물의 체중, 식이 섭취량, 음수 섭취량을 측정하고, 매주 2회씩 비공복과 공복 혈당변화를 관찰하였으며, 19주 후 모든 동물을 희생시킨 후 혈액을 채취하여 혈청지질과 인슐린 및 렙틴의 농도를 분석하였다. 당뇨대조군의 체중은 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물 섭취군에 비해 크게 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 총 콜레스테롤은 농도 의존적으로 그 수치가 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 유의적 차이는 없었다. 또한 중성지질이나 HDL-cholesterol 함량 변화에도 큰 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물 섭취군은 대조군에 비하여 혈당 상승이 유의적으로 억제되었다. 17주 후 내당능 측정결과 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물 섭취군의 최고 혈당치가 농도 의존적으로 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였으며 회복도 빨랐다. 인슐린과 렙틴은 농도 의존적으로 증가하였으며, 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 실크단백질 효소 가수분해물의 섭취는 인슐린과 렙틴의 대사에 관여하여 혈당상승을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2016

Objectives: To investigate the effect of a worksite-based dietary intervention program for the management of metabolic syndrome (MS) among male employees. Methods: A dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was implemented targeting white-collar employees at a worksite located in Seoul for 10 weeks. Out of 104 employees having agreed to participate in the program, those having three or more out of five components of MS and having two components, including a waist circumference component were classified into "the high risk group" (n=41) and received group nutrition education and individual nutrition counseling three times each. The rest of the study subjects were considered as "the low risk group" (n=63). The food environment at the worksite, where both the high and low risk groups were exposed, was changed to promote healthy eating. Physical data including MS components were collected and a questionnaire on dietary behaviors was administered before and after the intervention. The data from the high risk group (n=17) and the low risk group (n=20), excluding the subjects ineligible for or failed to complete the study (n=67), were analyzed. The difference before and after intervention was tested for significance by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, and HbA1c and the healthy dietary practice score improved significantly after intervention in the high risk group. The median number of MS components decreased significantly from 3.0 to 1.0 in the high risk group. In the low risk group, only HbA1c significantly decreased. Conclusions: The 10-week worksite-based dietary intervention program combining individual and environmental approach was found to be effective for managing MS of male employees.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.685-694
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• 2009

This experimental study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of ethanol extract of modified Yukgunja-tang(mYGJT) on high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia in Sprague-Dawley rats, Animals were divided into normal, control, mYGJT(100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) treated groups. Obesity with hyperlipidemia was induced by high fat diet treatment for 6 weeks. mYGJT was given to the amimals by oral gavage for 4 weeks, starting at the high-fat diet regimen, The effect of mYGJT on the differentiation of 3T3 L1 adipocytes in vitro and serological paramamters for obesity and hyperlipidemia in vivo were evaluated, mYGJT significnatly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3 L1 adipocytes in a concentration dependent manner. mYGJT treatment siginficantly reduced body weight, abdominal and epididymal fat weight, and FER(Food Efficiency Ratio) compared with control group in a dose dependent manner. It also signficantly inhibited the levels of serum total lipid, triglyceride, phospholipid, total cholesterol, LDL, AI(Atherosclerosis Index) and returned the serum HDL to normal. Total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterols in the liver, as well as malondialdehyde(MDA) and hydroxy radical in the serum were significantly reduced. However, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity was significantly increased in mYGJT treated group compared with control group. Finally, mYGJT treatment signficantly decreased the MDA and protein carbonyl concentrations of the hepatic homogenate but signficantly increased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and Catalase. Taken together, these results suggest that mYGJT can be clinically useful in inhibiting high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia.