• Title/Summary/Keyword: HARA

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Basic Design of ECU Hardware for the Functional Safety of In-Vehicle Network Communication (차량 내 네트워크 통신의 기능안전성을 위한 하드웨어 기본 설계)

  • Koag, Hyun Chul;Ahn, Hyun-Sik
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.66 no.9
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    • pp.1373-1378
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    • 2017
  • This paper presents a basic ECU(Electronic Control Unit) hardware development procedure for the functional safety of in-vehicle network systems. We consider complete hardware redundancy as a safety mechanism for in-vehicle communication network under the assumption of the wired network failure such as disconnection of a CAN bus. An ESC (Electronic Stability Control) system is selected as an item and the required ASIL(Automotive Safety Integrity Level) for this item is assigned by performing the HARA(Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment). The basic hardware architecture of the ESC system is designed with a microcontroller, passive components, and communication transceivers. The required ASIL for ESC system is shown to be satisfied with the designed safety mechanism by calculation of hardware architecture metrics such as the SPFM(Single Point Fault Metric) and the LFM(Latent Fault Metric).

Quantitative and Classification Analyses of Lupenone and ${\beta}$-Sitosterol by GC-FID in Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara and Codonopsis lanceolata

  • Kim, Won Il;Zhao, Bing Tian;Lee, Je Hyun;Lee, Dong-Ung;Kim, Young Shik;Min, Byung Sun;Son, Jong Keun;Woo, Mi Hee
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2014
  • A simple GC method with a FID detector was developed in order to determine two main compounds (${\beta}$-sitosterol and lupenone) for Adenophorae Radix. ${\beta}$-Sitosterol and lupenone were analyzed by the gradient thermal ramping method. Nitrogen was used as the carrier gas at 108 kPa. The flow rate of gas was 2.0 mL/min; $2{\mu}L$ of filtered sample was injected at a split ratio of 1 : 80. This method was fully validated with respect to linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. Further, this GC-FID method was applied successfully in order to quantify two compounds in an Adenophorae Radix extract. The GC analytical method for classification analysis was performed by repeated analysis of 59 reference samples in order to differentiate between Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara and 14 Codonopsis lanceolata. The results indicate that the GC-FID method is suitable and reliable for the quality evaluation of Adenophorae Radix.

An Unrecorded Species from Korean Flora: Vallisneria spinulosa (Hydrocharitaceae) (한국산 미기록 식물: 낙동나사말(자라풀과))

  • Na, Hye Ryun;Shin, Hyunchur;Choi, Hong-Keun
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.69-77
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    • 2008
  • We report Vallisneria spinulosa S. Z. Yan (Hydrocharitaceae) as an unrecorded species from the flora of Korea. This aquatic vascular plant occurs in reservoirs, streams, and ditches at Changnyeong, Changwon, and Gimhae which belong to Nakdong river basin. Vallisneria spinulosa is distinguishable from V. natans (Lour.) Hara already known to Korean flora by the presence of turion and hairs at base of stamen, adnation between pistil and staminodia, the number of stamen, and shape of fruit and seed. V. spinulosa is similar to V. desnseserrulata Makino in the viewpoint of distribution (Japan and southern China), but V. spinulosa has three to five epidermal wings on the surface of seed.

Design and Verification of the Hardware Architecture for the Active Seat Belt Control System Compliant to ISO 26262 (ISO 26262에 부합한 능동형 안전벨트 제어 시스템의 하드웨어 아키텍처 설계 및 검증)

  • Lee, Jun Hyok;Koag, Hyun Chul;Lee, Kyung-Jung;Ahn, Hyun-Sik
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.65 no.12
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    • pp.2030-2036
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    • 2016
  • This paper presents a hardware development procedure of the ASB(Active Seat Belt) control system to comply with ISO 26262. The ASIL(Automotive Safety Integrity Level) of an ASB system is determined through the HARA(Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment) and the safety mechanism is applied to meet the reqired ASIL. The hardware architecture of the controller consists of a microcontroller, H-bridge circuits, passive components, and current sensors which are used for the input comparison. The required ASIL for the control systems is shown to be satisfied with the safety mechanism by calculation of the SPFM(Single Point Fault Metric) and the LFM(Latent Fault Metric) for the design circuits.

Quality Characteristics of Pound Cakes Added with Perilla Leaves (Perilla frutescens var. japonica HARA) Powder (들깻잎 분말을 첨가한 파운드케이크의 품질 특성)

  • Kim, Na-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.267-273
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    • 2011
  • The study investigated the quality of pound cake added with various concentrations of perilla leaves (Perilla frutescens var. japonica HARA) powder. Pound cake were prepared by addition of 0, 5, 10 and 15% powder to the flour of basic formulation. The pH of the batter and cake decreased with increasing perilla leaves powder concentration. The baking loss rate of the pound cake tended to increase by 7.13~7.42%. The height of pound cake added with perilla leaves powder decreased with increasing powder concentration. The lightness, redness, and yellowness values were significantly decreased with increases in perilla leaves powder except for redness of pound cake crumb. The pound cakes containing 5% perilla leaves powder had acceptable sensory evaluation, such as flavor, taste, moistureness, and overall preference. The hardness and gumminess tended to increase, while springiness and cohesiveness decreased with increases in perilla leaves powder. The retrogradation degree of pound cake prepared with perilla leaves powder for 7 days at $25^{\circ}C$ was higher than the control but there were no significant differences. For the antioxidative activity measured by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, pound cake added with 10% and 15% added perilla leaves powder showed high antioxidant activities. The results exhibited that adding the perilla leaves powder into the pound cake increased antioxidant activity with the highest quality improvement obtained by incorporating 5% (w/w) of perilla leaves powder into the pound cake formula.

Hazard Analysis of Autonomous Vehicle due to V2I Malfunction (V2I 오작동에 의한 자율주행자동차의 위험성 분석)

  • Ahn, Dae-ryong;Shin, Seong-geun;Baek, Yun-soek;Lee, Hyuck-kee
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.251-261
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    • 2019
  • The importance of autonomous driving systems that utilize V2X services such as V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle) and V2I(Vehicle to Infrastructure) for safer and more comfortable driving is increasing with the recent development of autonomous vehicles. Partly autonomous vehicles based on environmental sensors have limitations for predicting and determining areas beyond the recognition distance of the mounted sensors and in response to atypical objects that are difficult to detect. Therefore, it is important to utilize the V2X service to improve the limit of sensor detection performance and to make driving safer and more comfortable. However, there may be an accident risk of autonomous vehicles due to incorrect information provided by V2X. Thus, the application of technology to prevent this needs to be considered. In this pater, we used the ISO-26262 Part3 Process and performed HARA (Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment) to derive the risk sources of autonomous vehicles due to V2I malfunctions by using the communication between vehicles and infrastructure among V2X. We also developed ASIL ratings based on the simulations and real vehicle tests of the malfunctions of major cases of usnig V2I.

Effect of NaCl Treatment on Growth and Physiologycal Activity of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara (NaCl 처리가 눈개승마[Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara]의 생육과 생리활성에 미치는 영향)

  • Nam, Hyeon-Hwa;Lee, Joo-Hee;Choo, Byung-Kil
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.789-804
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to investigate the growth and physiologycal activitis of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara under the NaCl treatment conditions (0, 100, 200, 300 mM). After 30 days treatment, the growth and physiologycal activitis were investigated. In the growth of plants, the plant height, leaf width, leaf length and ion level were reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM. The total polyphenol content was decreased by NaCl in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control group. The contents of total flavonoids did not show any difference at the concentration of 200 mM and 300 mM. However, the content of total flavonoid decreased compared with that of control. In antioxidant activity, the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity were decreased by NaCl concentration compared to the control. When changes in the content of NO production was monitored by ELISA, production inhibitory effect was 94.5%, 70%, 63%, 56.9% in NaCl concentration of 0, 100, 200, 300 mM, respectively. The growth, ion level, antioxidant and anti-inflammation activity of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus was reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM.