• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.56 no.11
• /
• pp.765-774
• /
• 2023

Due to climatechange, precipitation variability has increased, leading to more frequentoccurrences of droughts and floods. To establish measures for managing waterresources in response to the increasing uncertainties of climate conditions, itis necessary to understand the variability of natural river discharge and theimpact of reservoir operation modeling considering dam inflow and artificialwater supply. In this study, an integrated rainfall-runoff and reservoiroperation modeling was applied to analyze the water supply reliability andflood risk for a multipurpose dam catchment under climate change conditions. Therainfall-runoff model employed was the modèle du Génie Rural à 4 paramètresJournalier (GR4J) model, and the reservoir operation model used was an R-basedmodel with the structure of HEC-Ressim. Applying the climate change scenariosuntil 2100 to the established integrated model, the changes in water supplyreliability and flood risk of the Happcheon Dam were quantitatively analyzed.The results of the water supply reliability analysis showed that under SSP2-4.5conditions, the water supply reliability was higher than that under SSP5-8.5conditions. Particularly, in the far-future period, the range of flood risk widened,and both SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios showed the highest median flood riskvalues. While precipitation and runoff were expected to increase by less than10%, dam-released flood discharge was projected to surge by over 120% comparedto the baseline

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.174-189
• /
• 2015

The objective of this study was to reconstruct spatial information using the results of the investigation and evaluation of the health of the living organisms, habitat, and water quality at the investigation points for the aquatic ecosystem health of the Nakdong River basin, to support the rational decision making of the aquatic ecosystem preservation and restoration policies of the Nakdong River basin using spatial analysis techniques, and to present efficient management methods. To analyze the aquatic ecosystem health of the Nakdong River basin, punctiform data were constructed based on the position information of each point with the aquatic ecosystem health investigation and evaluation results of 250 investigation sections. To apply the spatial analysis technique, the data need to be reconstructed into areal data. For this purpose, spatial influence and trends were analyzed using the Kriging interpolation(ArcGIS 10.1, Geostatistical Analysis), and were reconstructed into areal data. To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the Nakdong River basin health based on these analytical results, hotspot(Getis-Ord Gi, $G^*_i$), LISA(Local Indicator of Spatial Association), and standard deviational ellipse analyses were used. The hotspot analysis results showed that the hotspot basins of the biotic indices(TDI, BMI, FAI) were the Andong Dam upstream, Wangpicheon, and the Imha Dam basin, and that the health grades of their biotic indices were good. The coldspot basins were Nakdong River Namhae, the Nakdong River mouth, and the Suyeong River basin. The LISA analysis results showed that the exceptional areas were Gahwacheon, the Hapcheon Dam, and the Yeong River upstream basin. These areas had high bio-health indices, but their surrounding basins were low and required management for aquatic ecosystem health. The hotspot basins of the physicochemical factor(BOD) were the Nakdong River downstream basin, Suyeong River, Hoeya River, and the Nakdong River Namhae basin, whereas the coldspot basins were the upstream basins of the Nakdong River tributaries, including Andong Dam, Imha Dam, and Yeong River. The hotspots of the habitat and riverside environment factor(HRI) were different from the hotspots and coldspots of each factor in the LISA analysis results. In general, the habitat and riverside environment of the Nakdong River mainstream and tributaries, including the Nakdong river upstream, Andong Dam, Imha Dam, and the Hapcheon Dam basin, had good health. The coldspot basins of the habitat and riverside environment also showed low health indices of the biotic indices and physicochemical factors, thus requiring management of the habitat and riverside environment. As a result of the time-series analysis with a standard deviation ellipsoid, the areas with good aquatic ecosystem health of the organisms, habitat, and riverside environment showed a tendency to move northward, and the BOD results showed different directions and concentrations by the year of investigation. These aquatic ecosystem health analysis results can provide not only the health management information for each investigation spot but also information for managing the aquatic ecosystem in the catchment unit for the working research staff as well as for the water environment researchers in the future, based on spatial information.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.312-317
• /
• 2017

In this paper, the effects of environmental variables on the output of the floating photovoltaic water systems, which were installed at the Hapcheon dam in South Korea, were investigated, and the correlations between them were analyzed. The system output was linearly proportional to the solar radiation or irradiance. The output was large in spring and autumn because of high irradiance, but low in the summer when the solar module temperature was high. The influence of the module temperature on the system output was limited in the summer, during which the module temperature change affected the system output more than the change of the irradiance did. In addition, in winter and summer, the module temperature tended to decrease with increasing windspeed, but windspeed did not affect module temperature significantly in the spring and autumn. On the other hand, in winter and spring, the irradiance decreased as the windspeed increased because of movement (or circulation) of the photovoltaic modules.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.948-948
• /
• 2012

합천댐유역에 대한 기후변화에 따른 수문학적 영향을 정량적으로 분석하기 위해, 기상청에서 제공하는 공간해상도 27km의 MM5 RCM(Regional Climate Model)을 사용하였다. RCM의 기상변수들은 공간적 스케일의 상이성과 RCM 기후변수들의 불확실성 때문에 유출모형인 SWAT의 입력자료로 사용하기에는 어려움이 있다. 특히, RCM 변수들 중 강수량의 경우 한반도 지역의 6월과 10월 사이에 연강수량의 67%이상이 집중되는 계절성을 반영하지 못하고 있는 실정이기 때문에 국내 유역의 유출량 산정에 사용하기 위해서는 지역적 상세화(Downscaling)가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 RCM 기후변수에 내포된 공간적 스케일의 상이성과 불확실성을 최소화하기 위해 강우관측소 지점을 단위로 한 다지점 인공신경망 기법을 적용하여 강수량, 습도, 최고기온 및 최저기온에 대한 상세화를 실시하였다. 강수의 경우 여름철 태풍사상을 모의하기 위한 Stochastic Typhoon Simulation기법과 Baseline(1991~2010)과 Projection(2011~2100) 사이의 강수량 보정을 위한 Dynamic Quantile Mapping 기법을 적용하여, 강수량의 불확실성을 최소화 하고자 하였다. 상세화된 기후자료를 이용한 SWAT 모형의 일(Daily) 단위 강우-유출 모의결과를 2011~2040년, 2041~2070년, 2071~2100년으로 구분하여 추세분석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.443-452
• /
• 2021

The authors obtained the discrete hedging rule for a reservoir's water supply operation by applying mixed-integer programming to save more water by earlier rationing of water supply for a drought period. The 'water supply adjustment guide' is the current operational method applied to the multipurpose reservoirs, and it was derived by a simulation method. Applying the two rules to the Hapcheon multipurpose dam's reservoir simulations with the inflow record from 2003 to 2018, the water supply deficit occurred for the long drought from 2015 to 2018. Especially, the no water supply or intermittent water supply persisted for the second half of 2017. The water supply adjustment guide had the 'normal water supply recovery threshold on storage,' which resulted in the water supply being unavailable in July 2017; then, the water supply suspension occurred until January 2018, when the reservoir storage was greater than the normal water supply recovery threshold. Despite the storage increasing due to the inflow of water into the reservoir, the suspension occurrence needs to be improved in practice. The current water supply adjustment guide and the discrete hedging rule for a reservoir's water supply operation are useful and realistic as the reservoir operation guide, which shows the concept of reducing water supply during the drought phase as scientific figures. However, to improve the reservoir simulation results, which do not provide any or intermittent water for several months, it is necessary to increase the current water supply reduction for drought phases.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.41 no.7
• /
• pp.737-746
• /
• 2008

The purpose of developing a rainfall-runoff and reservoir model is to provide an analysis tool for hydrological engineers in order to forecast discharge of rivers and to accomplish reservoir operations easily and accurately. In this study, based on the short-term rainfall-runoff storage function model which has gained popularity for real time flood forecast in practical water management affairs, a long-term runoff model was developed for the improvement of the calculation method of effective rainfall and percolation at the infiltration area. Annual discharge was simulated for three dam watersheds(Andong, Hapcheon, Milyang) in Nakdong River basin to analyze the accuracy of the developed model and compare it to SSARR model, which is used as the long-term runoff model in current practical water management affairs. As the result of the comparison of hydrographs, SSARR model showed relatively better results. However, it is possible for the developed model to simulate reliable long-term runoff using relatively little available data and is useful for hydrological engineers in practical affairs.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.373-384
• /
• 2020

Hydrological models are based on a combination of parameters that describe the hydrological characteristics and processes within a watershed. For this reason, the model performance and accuracy are highly dependent on the parameters. However, model uncertainties caused by parameters with stochastic characteristics need to be considered. As a follow-up to the study conducted by Choi et al (2020), who developed a relatively simple semi-distributed hydrological model, we propose a tool to estimate the posterior distribution of model parameters using the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, a type of Markov-Chain Monte Carlo technique, and analyze the uncertainty of model parameters and simulated stream flow. In addition, the uncertainty caused by the parameters of each version is investigated using the lumped and semi-distributed versions of the applied model to the Hapcheon Dam watershed. The results suggest that the uncertainty of the semi-distributed model parameters was relatively higher than that of the lumped model parameters because the spatial variability of input data such as geomorphological and hydrometeorological parameters was inherent to the posterior distribution of the semi-distributed model parameters. Meanwhile, no significant difference existed between the two models in terms of uncertainty of the simulation outputs. The statistical goodness of fit of the simulated stream flows against the observed stream flows showed satisfactory reliability in both the semi-distributed and the lumped models, but the seasonality of the stream flow was reproduced relatively better by the distributed model.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.4447-4454
• /
• 2013

In October 2011, a commercialized 100kW class floating photovoltaic system positive plant was installed at Hapcheon dam a multi-purpose reservoir the first time ever in the nation. Floating photovoltaic system differs in water float, mooring device and underwater cable process from land photovoltaic system. As for land and building photovoltaic power generation equipments, many installation cases and skilled experiences are available, and thus installation is not difficult. However, commercial power generation floating photovoltaic system, which is attempted for the first time in the nation, requires to be designed and installed through a series of processes like technical review and verification of data by process in comparison with similar cases. The structure of floating photovoltaic system, an equipment for float photovoltaic module and other electrical equipment, is required to withstand weather environments like wind or typhoon etc and yet not affect water quality negatively, and for implementation of this system, construction efficiency and economy etc should be considered comprehensively. In this paper, the techniques of installing floating photovoltaic structure, mooring device, underwater cable, electrical equipment and remote monitoring control system are explained. The 100kW floating PV system is operating with 15% average capacity factor.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.491-491
• /
• 2017

K-water에서는 가뭄으로 인한 피해를 완화시키기 위해 '댐 용수공급 조정 기준'을 만들어 전국 다목적 댐들을 대상으로 시범적으로 적용하고 있다. 그런데 가뭄 기간(2008~2009)에 대하여 합천댐의 용수공급 조정기준을 이용해 저수지를 모의운영한 결과, 이 기준은 가뭄에 효과적으로 대응하지 못할 수도 있다고 판단되었고, 그에 따라 대안 기준을 제시하고자 한다. 용수공급 조정기준은 가뭄 대응 단계를 4단계(관심, 주의, 경계, 심각)로 나누고 있으며, 순단위로 각 단계별 감량공급 실행 저수량과 감량 공급량을 제시하고 있다. 이기준을 이용한 합천댐의 모의 운영 결과, 가뭄기간동안 용수공급에 실패한 경우가 발생하였다. 이는 K-water의 합천댐 용수공급 조정 기준이 가뭄 대응에 적합하지 못할 수도 있다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구에서 제시하고자 하는 대안은 이산화 용수 감량공급 기법에서 도출된 용수 감량공급 현 저수량 기준곡선이다. 과거 심각한 가뭄이 발생한 1994년과 1995년을 대상으로 하여 기준곡선을 도출하였으며, 각 단계별 감량공급 실행 저수량은 혼합정수계획법을 이용해 결정하였다. 또한, 이 기준곡선을 이용하여 동일한 가뭄 기간 (2008~2009)에 대해 저수지 모의운영을 실시하였다. 그 결과 K-water의 합천댐 용수공급 조정 기준을 적용한 모의운영 결과에서는 용수공급 실패가 발생한데 비해 대안으로 제시하는 기준곡선을 적용한 모의운영 결과에서는 용수공급을 실패한 경우가 없었다. 이는 대안으로 제시한 기준곡선이 K-water의 기준곡선에 비해 가뭄 대응에 보다 적합한 것을 의미한다. 그 이유로는 대안으로 제시한 기준곡선의 감량공급 실행 저수량이 댐 용수공급 조정 기준의 값들보다 커 미리 감량공급이 이루어지기 때문이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.421-421
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 HSPF 모델을 이용하여 비점오염물질이 수질에 미치는 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 합천댐 유역을 연구대상지역으로 선정하였으며, 입력자료는 유역도, 하천도, 토지이용도, 수치표고모델 및 기상자료 등을 이용하였다. HSPF 모형은 2000년부터 2016년까지의 실측값을 이용하여 보정 및 검증이 이루어졌다. 수문 보정을 위한 매개변수는 사용자 설명서와 참고문헌에 근거하여 선정하였으며, 시행착오법에 의해 수행되었다. 모델의 적용성 평가는 $R^2$, RMSE, RMAE, NSE를 사용하였고 $R^2$가 0.78에서 0.83, RMSE는 2.55에서 2.76mm/day, RMAE는 0.46에서 0.48mm/day, NSE는 0.81에서 0.82까지의 범위로 나타났으며, 연간 유출량이 ${\pm}4%$ 오차 이내로 산정되었다. 수질 모형을 구동하기 위한 수질 자료는 환경부에서 제시한 지침에 따라 생활계, 축산계, 산업계, 토지이용량에 따른 발생 부하량과 배출부하량을 산정하였다. 수질 모형 또한 수문과 같은 기간의 자료를 이용하여 보정 및 검정이 이루어졌다. 보정 결과 연평균 BOD의 차이가 0.22mg/L이고 오차범위는 13%였으며, T-N과 T-P는 0.66mg/L, 0.027mg/L의 차이를 가지며 오차범위는 각각 16%, 13%로 나타났다. 수질항목 중에서도 비점오염 관리의 효과를 평가하기 위해 비점오염물질 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하는 축산계에 감소 시나리오를 적용하였다. 축산계의 배출부하량 감소율이 20%일때의 BOD, T-N, T-P는 각각 3%, 1%, 3% 감소하였으며 40% 감소율을 적용하였을때는 5%, 3%, 4% 감소하였다. 이러한 수질 해석을 결과를 토대로 효과적인 오염물질 방법을 적용하여 수질 개선과 합천댐 유역의 목표수질을 달성 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.