• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.333-347
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• 2011

This paper shows the solution for an orthotropic disk under the plane strain condition obtained with complex stress functions. These stress functions were induced by Lekhnitskii and expanded by one of the authors. Regarding diametrical compression test, the finite element method poses difficulties in representing the concentrated force because the specimens must be divided into finite elements during calculation. On the other hand, the method shown in this study can exactly represent this force. Some numerical results are shown and compared with those obtained under the plane stress condition for both stress and displacement. This comparison shows that the differences between the tensile stresses occurred under the plane strain condition and also that the differences under a plane stress condition increase as the orthotropy ratio increases for some cases.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2007

Recent Internet Service Environment has been moved to provide geographic information based on location as well as existent various information. In this paper, we develop an integrated software connecting GIS information to Internet. In the other hand, in GIS S/W, it is important that rapid output of Digital Map and effective trnasmission of specified Digital Map about moving area. To achieve the purpose, we propose a reduced digital format to diminish original digital maps. Also, we develop a GIS-based software engine with functions connecting location information to URL as well as map viewer and map handling. Futhermore, our developed GIS S/W is based Module in LBS application using GPS sensor.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.214-219
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• 2006

Oligopoly differs from perfect competition and monopoly in that a firm must consider rival firms' behavior to determine its own best policy. This interrelationship among firms is the issue examined in this paper. In the oligopoly market, the complete information market means that each producer has full information about itself, the market, and its rivals. That is, each producer knows the market demand function, its own cost function and the cost functions of rivals. On the other hand, the incomplete information market means that in general each producer lacks full information about the market or its rivals. Here, we assume that each firm doesn't know the cost functions and the strategic biddings of its rivals. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze firm' strategic behaviors and equilibrium in an electricity market with incomplete information. In the case study, the complete information market and the incomplete market are compared at the Nash Equilibrium from the viewpoints of market price, transaction quantities, consumer benefits, and Social Welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2002

This paper represents that auto tunings of membership functions and weights in the fuzzy neural networks are effectively performed by immune algorithm. A number of hybrid methods in fuzzy-neural networks are considered in the context of tuning of learning method, a general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the membership functions or the gain modification in the neural networks by genetic algorithms. On the other hand, since the immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, it is thus adaptive to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation. Also, it can provide optimal solution. Simulation results reveal that immune algorithms are effective approaches to search for optimal or near optimal fuzzy rules and weights.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.395-405
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• 2023

In this manuscript, we establish the concept of 𝓗(ω, θ)-contraction which based on modified ω distance mappings which introduced by Alegre and Marin [4] in 2016 and 𝓗 simulation functions which introduced by Bataihah et.al. [14] in 2020 and we employ our contraction to prove the existence and uniqueness some new fixed point results. On the other hand, we create some examples and an application to show the importance of our results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.270-279
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• 2007

Purpose: In this study, the effects of meridian massage and hand massage on the affected upper extremity of patients with a stroke were identified. Method: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. Participants were 84 (Experimental. 1: 28, Experimental. 2: 28, Control.: 28) patients with a stroke who were hospitalized in K oriental medical center. Experimental treatment for patients in experimental group 1 was the meridian massage for 10 minutes daily for 2 weeks, and for those in experimental group 2, hand massage for 2 minutes, 30 seconds each, daily for 2 weeks. Outcome variables were upper extremity function (grip power, shoulder pain, edema, ROM), ADL, and depression. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ version. Results: The score for upper extremity functions and ADL were significantly higher in experimental group 1 who had meridian massage than for experimental group 2 or the control group. Experimental group 1 showed less depression than experimental 2 or the control group. Conclusion: Meridian massage can be an effective nursing intervention to improve upper extremity function and ADL, and to decrease depression in patients stroke who have had a stroke.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.31 no.6 s.119
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• pp.500-505
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• 2006

Jujube is one of korean most favorite fruits. Harvesting operations of the jujube farming, however, completely depend on hand labor. Especially, collecting operation requires about three times of hand labor compared with separate operation by impacting or shaking of twigs in the hand-harvesting system of jujube fruits. Consequently, jujube farmers sincerely demand the mechanization of the collecting operation of jujube fruits in the harvesting operation. A new collecting system was designed and constructed five parts-collecting pad, guide ring system, sorting system, frame with driving system, and handle with operation levers, which performed collecting operation of jujube fruits without missing fruits in five part functions, however, an extra future more deliberate study would need how to handle conveniently the collecting pad of the prototype in the narrow space of row of the jujube farm.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 1994

Pulp and palm of the hand and heel of the sole are anatomically unique. Satisfactory reconstruction of these areas presents the plastic surgeon with many challenges and requires durable and sensible skin coverage, minimal donor morbidity and reliable operative procedure. We presents 7 clinical cases of sensate instep free flap transfer in this paper during the last 2 years. Three cases were soft tissue defects due to crushing and avulsion injury on the pulp of finger. 1 case was unstable scar and redundant flap after reconstruction of soft tissue dect of palm and 1 case was contracture of first web of hand. One case was a soft tissue defect due to avulsion injury on heel. Lastly, one case was chronic osteomyelitis with open wound on lateral malleolar area. Follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 2 years. Through the whole follow-up period, all flaps were viable and durable to persistant stress or weight bearing and were sensible enough to porotect the recocstructed area from injuries and maintain functions. In conclusions, the instep free flap should be considered as a valuable tool in reconstruction of hand and extremity requiring durability and sensation.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.359-366
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• 2023

In order to fully utilize the functions of the hand which is the end effector of the upper limb, other parts of the upper limb have to perform their own roles. Among them, the pronation and supination of the forearm, which allows the hand to rotate along the longitudinal direction of the forearm, play an important role in activities of daily living. In this paper, a soft wearable robot that assists the pronation and supination of the forearm for individuals with weakened or lost upper limb function is proposed. The wearable robot consists of an anchoring part with polymer (wrist strap, elbow strap), a tendon with a belt and wire, and an actuation module. It was developed based on the requirements with respect to friction of anchoring part, forearm compression, and friction of the tendon. It was confirmed that these requirements were satisfied through literature review and experiments. Since all components exist within the forearm when worn, it is expected to be easy to combine with the already developed soft wearable robots for the hand, wrist, elbow, and shoulder.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.2920-2929
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• 2000

In this paper, a cyber training institute system suitable for teachers' training is designed and implemented, and it is applied to and evaluated on the actual spot. While general purpose cyber education systems have too much unnecessary functions and are inconvenient to operate, this system removes the unnecessary functions and has only useful functions. This system is much concerned with the interaction among learners, instructors, administrators and contents. This system is characterized by having menu items such as Searching Learners, Taking Attendance, Information for Learners, Assignment Hand out, Group Debate, Cyber Cafe and Access Statistic to promote the interaction. The result of the application of this system to 554 teachers for two years is that the ratio of completion was 95%.