• 제목/요약/키워드: H.flava

검색결과 18건 처리시간 0.02초

Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotective Potential of Extracts of Grewia Flava and Grewia Bicolor Berries

  • Masisi, Kabo;Masamba, Riach;Lashani, Keletso;Li, Chunyang;Kwape, Tebogo E.;Gaobotse, Goabaone
    • 대한약침학회지
    • /
    • 제24권1호
    • /
    • pp.24-31
    • /
    • 2021
  • Objectives: Accumulation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress. Increased production of ROS, such as superoxide anion, or a deficiency in their clearance by antioxidant defences, mediates cellular pathology. Grewia Spp fruits are a source of bioactive compounds and have notable antioxidant activity. Although the antioxidant capacity of Grewia Spp has been studied, there is very limited evidence that links the antioxidant activities of Grewia bicolor and Grewia flava to the inhibition of free radical formation associated with damage in biological systems. Methods: This study evaluated the protective effects of Grewia bicolor and Grewia flava extracts against free radical-induced oxidative stress and the resulting cytotoxicity effect using HeLa cells. Antioxidant properties determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total phenolic content (TPC) assays showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity in Grewia flava (ethanol extract) than Grewia flava (water extract) and Grewia bicolor (ethanol and water extracts). Results: Using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide or MTT assay, cytotoxicity results showed that extracts of Grewia bicolor and Grewia flava were less toxic to HeLa cells at tested concentrations compared to the untreated control. This confirmed the low toxicity of these edible fruits at the tested concentrations in HeLa cells. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell loss was effectively reduced by pre-incubating HeLa cells with Grewia bicolor and Grewia flava extracts, with Grewia flava (ethanol extract) revealing better protection. Conclusion: The effect was speculated to be associated with the higher antioxidant activity of Grewia flava (ethanol extract). Additional studies will warrant confirmation of the mechanism of action of such effects.

경기도 포천, 강원도 철원지역에서 진드기의 계절적 발생 유형 (Seasonal Patterns of Ticks in Pocheon and Cheolwon, Republic of Korea)

  • 신용칠;이인용;서장훈
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
    • /
    • 제47권3호
    • /
    • pp.147-152
    • /
    • 2015
  • 참진드기 3종류의 발육단계별 즉 유충, 자충, 성충에 대한 계절적 발생 유형을 2014년 4월에서 10월까지 조사하였다. 천끌기와 천젓기 방법으로 포천 영중면 금주리에서 작은소피참진드기 610개체, 개피참진드기 296개체 그리고 일본참진드기 15개체가 채집되었으며 같은 방법으로 철원 서면 자등리에서는 작은소피참진드기 254개체, 개피참진드기 345개체, 일본참진드기 15개체가 채집되었다. 작은소피참진드기의 성충은 6월에 가장 높은 채집 비율을 보였으며 자충은 4월에서 6월사이에 주로 채집되었다. 반대로 작은소피참진드기의 유충은 9월과 10월에만 채집되었다. 개피참진드기의 성충은 4월, 9월, 10월에 채집된 반면 자충은 4월부터 10월까지 채집되었다. 개피참진드기의 자충은 포천에서는 4월에 그리고 철원에서는 5월에 가장 많이 채집되었다. 개피참진드기의 유충은 작은소피참진드기의 유충과 같이 9월과 10월에만 채집되었다. 일본 참진드기의 성충과 자충은 주로 4월에 채집되었으나 유충은 채집되지 않았다. 천끌기과 천젓기 방법으로 채집된 특정한 진드기종의 발육단계별 밀도를 조사한 결과는 진드기의 계절별 밀도 평가와 진드기 매개 질병 위험 분석에 활용할 수 있다.

Identification of Tick Species Collected from Wild Boars and Habitats of Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs in the Republic of Korea

  • Chae, Jeong-Byoung;Kang, Jun-Gu;Kim, Heung-Chul;Chong, Sung-Tae;Lee, In-Yong;Shin, Nam-Shik;Chae, Joon-Seok
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제55권2호
    • /
    • pp.185-191
    • /
    • 2017
  • Tick is one of the most important arthropods in the transmission of vector-borne diseases. In this study, we investigated the abundance and species of ticks associated with swine and their habitats to assess the risk of spread of tick-borne diseases in host species, such as wild boars. Ticks were collected from 24 grazing or traditionally reared domestic pig farms and 8 habitats of wild boars in 8 provinces and 1 city in the Republic of Korea, by using the dragging and flagging methods. Ticks were also collected directly from 49 wild boars by using fine forceps. A total of 9,846 hard ticks were collected, including 4,977 Haemaphysalis longicornis, 4,313 Haemaphysalis flava, 508 Ixodes nipponensis, 1 Ixodes turdus, and 47 Amblyomma testudinarium. A total of 240 hard ticks were collected from 49 wild boars, including 109 H. flava, 84 H. longicornis, and 47 A. testudinarium. A total of 578 hard ticks were collected from areas around domestic pig farms. Only 2 hard tick species, 546 H. longicornis and 32 H. flava, were collected from these areas. A total of 9,028 hard ticks were collected from wild boars of 8 habitats, including 4,347 H. longicornis, 4,172 H. flava, 508 I. nipponensis, and 1 I. turdus. A. testudinarium was collected only from wild boars, and I. nipponensis and I. turdus were collected only from the habitats of wild boars.

충북 보은지역의 참진드기류 분포조사 (2016-2020) (Seasonal Distribution of Ticks in Boeun, Chungbuk during 2016-2020)

  • 이건희;전종찬;김현경;김길하
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
    • /
    • 제60권3호
    • /
    • pp.323-329
    • /
    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 2016년부터 2020년까지 충북 보은지역의 참진드기류의 시기별 분포를 조사하였다. 참진드기류는 다양한 환경(매년 4지점)에서 채집하였고, 5년 동안 충북 보은지역에서 채집된 참진드기류는 2속 3종으로 작은소피참진드기(Haemaphysalis longicornis), 개피참진드기(Haemaphysalis flava), 일본참진드기(Ixodes nipponensis)로 총 17,704개체의 참진드기가 채집되었다. 작은소피참진드기는 가장 많은 28.83 T.I. (68.40%) 값을 보였고, 개피참진드기 1.49 T.I. (3.53%), 일본참진드기 0.02 T.I. (0.06%)순으로 채집되었고 종 동정이 되지 않는 유충은 11.81 T.I. (28.01%)로 조사되었다. 우점을 차지하는 작은소피참진드기는 봄철 (5-6월)에, 유충은 8월과 9월에 가장 많은 수가 채집되었다. 대부분의 채집지에서 작은소피참진드기가 가장 많이 채집되었고 무덤과 초지에서만 유충이 많이 채집되었다. 개피참진드기는 충북 보은지역에서 채집된 개체수는 적지만 모든 채집지에서 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 5년간 채집된 3종의 참진드기류에 대하여 총 828 pools의 SFTS 감염률을 조사한 결과 모두 음성으로 병원체 감염이 확인되지 않았다.

제주지역 4개 환경에서 채집한 중증열성혈소판감소증후군 매개 참진드기 분포 (Distribution of Tick Vectors of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV) Collected from Four Environments in Jeju)

  • 정경아;송현제;이혁재;박철;서민영
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
    • /
    • 제52권4호
    • /
    • pp.356-363
    • /
    • 2020
  • 제주지역의 4개 환경(초지, 잡목림, 산길, 무덤)에서 2018년 3월부터 11월까지 진드기 채집을 통하여 진드기의 분포 특성 및 SFTSV 병원체 보균 여부를 조사하였다. Tick trap을 이용해 채집된 3,095마리와 flagging을 이용하여 채집된 1,569마리를 채집하였다. 총 4,664마리의 채집된 진드기 중에서 Haemaphysalis longicornis가 4,440마리(95.2%)로 대부분을 차지하였고, H. flava는 224마리(4.8%)가 채집되었다. 환경적으로는 Tick trap은 초지(953마리), 잡목림(883마리), 산길(847마리), 무덤(411마리)가 채집되었고, flagging은 잡목림(704마리), 산길(472마리), 무덤(197마리), 초지(196마리)가 채집되었다. 발육단계별로는 유충은 5월부터 채집되어 10월에 140마리, 11월에 280마리가 채집되었다. 약충은 4월부터 8월에 집중적으로 채집(2,978마리)되었고, 5월과 6월에 가장 많이 채집되었다. 성충은 6월부터 8월까지 전체 성충 중 94%가 채집되었다. 채집된 H. longicornis 4,440마리와 H. flava 224마리에서 SFTSV는 확인되지 않았다.

Ticks Collected from Wild and Domestic Animals and Natural Habitats in the Republic of Korea

  • Kim, Baek-Jun;Kim, Hyewon;Won, Sohyun;Kim, Heung-Chul;Chong, Sung-Tae;Klein, Terry A.;Kim, Ki-Gyoung;Seo, Hong-Yul;Chae, Joon-Seok
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제52권3호
    • /
    • pp.281-285
    • /
    • 2014
  • Ticks were collected from 35 animals from 5 provinces and 3 metropolitan cities during 2012. Ticks also were collected by tick drag from 4 sites in Gyeonggi-do (2) and Jeollabuk-do (2) Provinces. A total of 612 ticks belonging to 6 species and 3 genera were collected from mammals and a bird (n=573) and by tick drag (n=39). Haemaphyalis longicornis (n=434) was the most commonly collected tick, followed by H. flava (158), Ixodes nipponensis (11), Amblyomma testudinarium (7), H. japonica (1), and H. formosensis (1). H. longicornis and H. flava were collected from all animal hosts examined. For animal hosts (n>1), the highest Tick Index (TI) was observed for domestic dogs (29.6), followed by Siberian roe deer (17.4), water deer (14.4), and raccoon dogs (1.3). A total of 402 H. longicornis (adults 86, 21.4%; nymphs 160, 39.8%; larvae 156, 38.9%) were collected from wild and domestic animals. A total of 158 H. flava (n=158) were collected from wild and domestic animals and 1 ring-necked pheasant, with a higher proportion of adults (103, 65.2%), while nymphs and larvae only accounted for 12.7% (20) and 22.2% (35), respectively. Only 7 A. testudinarium were collected from the wild boar (6 adults) and Eurasian badger (1 nymph), while only 5 I. nipponensis were collected from the water deer (4 adults) and a raccoon dog (1 adult). One adult female H. formosensis was first collected from vegetation by tick drag from Mara Island, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do Province.

Four Year Surveillance of the Vector Hard Ticks for SFTS, Ganghwa-do, Republic of Korea

  • Kim-Jeon, Myung-Deok;Jegal, Seung;Jun, Hojong;Jung, Haneul;Park, Seo Hye;Ahn, Seong Kyu;Lee, Jinyoung;Gong, Young Woo;Joo, Kwangsig;Kwon, Mun Ju;Roh, Jong Yul;Lee, Wook-Gyo;Bahk, Young Yil;Kim, Tong-Soo
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제57권6호
    • /
    • pp.691-698
    • /
    • 2019
  • The seasonal abundance of hard ticks that transmit severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus was monitored with a collection trap method every April to November during 2015-2018 and with a flagging method every July and August during 2015-2018 in Ganghwa-do (island) of Incheon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea. This monitoring was performed in a copse, a short grass field, coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest. A total of 17,457 ticks (8,277 larvae, 4,137 nymphs, 3,389 females, and 1,654 males) of the ixodid ticks comprising 3 species (Haemaphysalis longicornis, H. flava, and Ixodes nipponensis) were collected with collection traps. Of the identified ticks, H. longicornis was the most frequently collected ticks (except larval ticks) (94.26%, 8,653/9,180 ticks (nymphs and adults)), followed by H. flava (5.71%, 524/9,180) and Ix. nipponensis (less than 0.04%, 3/9,180). The ticks collected with collecting traps were pooled and assayed for the presence of SFTS virus with negative results. In addition, for monitoring the prevalence of hard ticks, a total of 7,461 ticks (5,529 larvae, 1,272 nymphs, 469 females, and 191 males) of the ixodid ticks comprising 3 species (H. longicornis, H. flava, and Ix. nipponensis) were collected with flagging method. H. longicornis was the highest collected ticks (except larval ticks) (99.53%, 1,908/1,917 ticks (nymphs and adults)), followed by H. flava (1.15%, 22/1,917).

Seasonal Distribution of Ticks in Four Habitats near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi-do (Province), Republic of Korea

  • Chong, Sung Tae;Kim, Heung Chul;Lee, In-Yong;Kollars, Thomas M. Jr.;Sancho, Alfredo R.;Sames, William J.;Chae, Joon-Seok;Klein, Terry A.
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제51권3호
    • /
    • pp.319-325
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study describes the seasonal distribution of larvae, nymph, and adult life stages for 3 species of ixodid ticks collected by tick drag and sweep methods from various habitats in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Grasses less than 0.5 m in height, including herbaceous and crawling vegetation, and deciduous, conifer, and mixed forests with abundant leaf/needle litter were surveyed at United States (US) and ROK operated military training sites and privately owned lands near the demilitarized zone from April-October, 2004 and 2005. Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann adults and nymphs were more frequently collected from April-August, while those of Haemaphysalis flava Neumann and Ixodes nipponensis Kitaoka and Saito were collected more frequently from April-July and again during October. H. longicornis was the most frequently collected tick in grass habitats (98.9%), while H. flava was more frequently collected in deciduous (60.2%) and conifer (57.4%) forest habitats. While more H. flava (54.1%) were collected in mixed forest habitats than H. longicornis (35.2%), the differences were not significant. I. nipponensis was more frequently collected from conifer (mean 8.8) compared to deciduous (3.2) and mixed (2.4) forests.

Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ixodid Ticks from Poyang Lake Region, Southeastern China

  • Zheng, Wei Qing;Xuan, Xue Nan;Fu, Ren Long;Tao, Hui Ying;Liu, Yang Qing;Liu, Xiao Qing;Li, Dong Mei;Ma, Hong Mei;Chen, Hai Ying
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제56권6호
    • /
    • pp.589-596
    • /
    • 2018
  • Ticks are the vectors of various pathogens, threatening human health and animal production across the globe. Here, for the first time we detected Ricketssia spp., Borrelia spp. and protozoan in ticks from Poyang Lake region in Jiangxi Province of eastern China. In 3 habitat categories and on 12 host species, 311 ticks from 11 species were collected. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the predominant species, accounting for 55.63%, followed by Rhipicephalus microplus, Haemaphysalis flava and Ixodes granulatus. Of the collected ticks, 7.07% were positive for tick-borne pathogens, and H. longicornis and H. flava were found to be co-infected with Ricketssia spp. and protozoan. H. flava was the most detected positive for tick-borne pathogens, whereas H. longicornis had the lowest infection rate, and the difference in infection rates between tick species was significant (${\chi}^2=61.24$, P<0.001). Furthermore, adult ticks demonstrated remarkably greater infection rate than immature ticks (${\chi}^2=10.12$, P=0.018), meanwhile ticks on Erinaceidae showed significantly higher positivity than ticks collected on other host species (${\chi}^2=108.44$, P<0.001). Genetic fragment sequencing and analyses showed at least 4 pathogen species presence in ticks, namely Borrelia yangtzensis, Rickettsia slovaca or Rickettsia raoultii related genospecies, Babesia vogeli and Hepatozoon canis or Hepatozoon felis related genospecies. The finding indicates that the abundant ticks can carry diverse pathogens in Poyang Lake region, and pathogen infection is highly related to species, vertebrate hosts and life stages of ticks.

한국산 진드기의 분류학적 연구(III) (Haemaphysalis 속) (A Taxonomical Study on Ticks in Korea(III) The Genus Haemaphysalis)

  • 노용태
    • 한국동물학회지
    • /
    • 제9권2호
    • /
    • pp.10-11
    • /
    • 1966
  • 한국산 Haemaphysalis 속 진드기는 Ogura and Takada (1927), Akasawa (1938), Jishida(1936), Itagaki Noda, Yamaguchi (1944) 등에 의하여 Haemaphysalis bispinosa, H. campamulata, H. flava의 3 종이 보고되었다. 저자가 1963년 6월 이후 채집한 진드기류를 정리한 결과 Haemaphysalis cornigera , H. Kutchensis 가 한국미기록종임이 밝혀졌으므로 이에 발표하는 바이다.

  • PDF