• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37A권11호
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• pp.1001-1011
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 IEEE 802.11 시스템에서 경쟁 중인 터미널 수를 추정하고 이를 반영할 때 시스템 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. IEEE 802.11 시스템에서는 터미널간의 다중 접근의 방법으로 DCF (Distributed Coordination Function)를 이용하고 있으며 경쟁하는 터미널 수를 정확하게 추정하여 반영하는 것이 시스템 throughput 증가하는데 중요한 요소가 된다. 본 논문에서는 터미널 수를 추정하는 방법으로 노이즈 정보가 필요하지 않는 Extended H Infinity Filter (EHIF)를 이용하여 터미널 수를 추정하는 방법을 제안한다. 경쟁하는 터미널의 수가 saturated되는 경우와 non-saturated되는 네트워크 환경에서 EHIF가 기존의 Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) 방법보다 좋은 성능을 가짐을 모의실험을 통해 확인하였고 이를 정량적으로 분석하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1520-1529
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose and assess the performance of "H infinity filter ($H_{\infty}$, HIF)" and "cost reference particle filter (CRPF)" in the problem of tracking a target based on the measurements of the range and the bearing of the target. HIF and CRPF have the common advantageous feature that we do not need to know the noise statistics of the problem in their applications. The performance of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is also compared with that of the proposed filters, but the noise information is perfectly known for the applications of the EKF. Simulation results show that CRPF outperforms HIF, and is more robust because the tracking of HIF diverges sometimes, particularly when the target track is highly nonlinear. Interestingly, when the tracking of HIF diverges, the tracking of the EKF also tends to deviate significantly from the true track for the same target track. Therefore, CRPF is very effective and appropriate approach to the problems of highly nonlinear model, especially when the noise statistics are unknown. Nonetheless, HIF also can be applied to the problem of timevarying state estimation as the EKF, particularly for the case when the noise statistcs are unknown. This paper provides a good example of how to apply CRPF and HIF to the estimation of dynamically varying and nonlinearly modeled states with unknown noise statistics.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a number of blind equalization approaches for time-varying andmulti-path channels. The approaches employ cost reference particle filter (CRPF) as the symbol estimator, and additionally employ either least mean squares algorithm, recursive least squares algorithm, or $H{\infty}$ filter (HF) as a channel estimator such that they are jointly employed for the strategy of "Rao-Blackwellization," or equally called "mixture filtering." The novel feature of the proposed approaches is that the blind equalization is performed based on direct channel estimation with unknown noise statistics of the received signals and channel state system while the channel is not directly estimated in the conventional method, and the noise information if known in similar Kalman mixture filtering approach. Simulation results show that the proposed approaches estimate the transmitted symbols and time-varying channel very effectively, and outperform the previously proposed approach which requires the noise information in its application.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2023

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an advanced control approach that uses the current states of the system model to predict its future behavior. In this article, according to the seismic dynamics of structural systems, the Predictive Functional Control (PFC) method is used to solve the control problem. Although conventional PFC is an efficient control method, its performance may be impaired due to problems such as uncertainty in the structure of state sensors and process equations, as well as actuator saturation. Therefore, it requires the utilization of appropriate estimation algorithms in order to accurately evaluate responses and implement actuator saturation. Accordingly, an extended PFC is presented based on the H-ifinity (H∞) filter (HPFC) while considering simultaneously the saturation actuator. Accordingly, an extended PFC is presented based on the H-ifinity (H∞) filter (HPFC) while considering the saturation actuator. Thus, the structural responses are formulated by two estimation models using the H∞ filter. First, the H∞ filter estimates responses using a performance bound (𝜃). Second, the H∞ filter is converted into a Kalman filter in a special case by considering the 𝜃 equal to zero. Therefore, the scheme based on the Kalman filter (KPFC) is considered a comparative model. The proposed method is evaluated through numerical studies on a building equipped with an Active Tuned Mass Damper (ATMD) under near and far-field earthquakes. Finally, HPFC is compared with classical (CPFC) and comparative (KPFC) schemes. The results show that HPFC has an acceptable efficiency in boosting the accuracy of CPFC and KPFC approaches under earthquakes, as well as maintaining a descending trend in structural responses.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.440-442
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• 1995

In a recently as renewable energy source photovoltaic(PV) system using solar energy has been very widely researched because of its pollution-free and infinity. Especially many researches are intensively focused on small scale utility interactive PV system which can use dead space and easily make power stabilized from unstable natural energy source. In this system one of the most important matters is islanding protection. Islanding phenomenon appears when power failure occurs. For the safety of utility interactive PV system must has the function of not only system protection but also detection of islanding. This paper describes parallel operating alghorithm using reactive power variation method and twin peak band pass filter. This alghorithm is verified useful by simulation.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.353-356
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• 1997

Hydraulically driven manipulators are superior to electrically driven ones in the power density and electrical insulation. But an electro-hydraulic manipulator using hydraulic actuators has many nonlinear elements, and this parameter fluctuations are greater than those of electrically driven manipulator. So this is relatively difficult to realize not only stable contact work but also accurate force control for the autonomous field task such as the maintenance task of high voltage active electric line or the automatic excavation task by hydraulic excavator. In this report, we propose robust force control algorithm, which can be applied to there real field task such as the construction field, nuclear plant and so on. Proposed force controller has the same structure as that of disturbance observe for position control. The difference between force and position disturbance observer is that the input and output of disturbance observer are forces in the case force disturbance observer and the plant varies much compared to the case of position control. In the design of force disturbance observer, generalized plant is derived and the stabilized filter is designed by H infinity control theory to ensure the robuts t stability even though the stiffness of environment changes from sponge to steel, and the contact surface also changes from flat to round shape. Experimental results show that highly robust force tracking by a 6-link electro-hydraulic manipulator could be achieved under various environment conditions.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.789-797
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 파쇄된 타이어칩을 담체로 충진한 biofilter를 이용하여 악취의 원인 물질인 trimethylamine(TMA)의 제거특성을 실험하였다. 실험에서 사용된 미생물은 S 수탁폐수 처리업체에서 채취한 활성슬러지를 순응 배양 하였으며, peristatic pump를 이용하여 20일간 바이오필터의 담체에 순환시키면서 접종 하였다. Biofilter의 안정화를 확인한 후 유입 농도와 공간속도를 변화시켜 처리효율을 측정하였으며, 침출수중의 액상 TMA, COD$_{Cr}$, NO$_3{^-}$-N, NO$_2{^-}$-N, NH$_4{^+}$-N, EPS(Extracellular Polymeric Substances)를 측정하여 생물학적인 영향과 처리효율에 대해 평가하였다. TMA의 유입농도를 약 10 ppm의 범위로 고정하고 SV(space velocity)를 120 hr$^{-1}$에서 240 hr$^{-1}$까지 증가시켜 TMA의 제거효율을 검토한 결과 120, 180 hr$^{-1}$에서는 95% 이상, SV 240 hr$^{-1}$에서는 최대 90%, 최소 80%의 제거효율을 얻어 최적 제거 공간 속도는 180 hr$^{-1}$임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한, SV를 180 hr$^{-1}$, 유입농도를 5$\sim$55 ppm까지 단계적으로 증가시켜 TMA의 제거효율을 검토한 결과 유입농도 10 ppm까지는 95%, 유입농도 10$\sim$30 ppm에서는 80%의 제거율을 보임을 알 수 있었고, 유입농도 40 ppm 이상에서는 제거효율이 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보여 TMA에 대한 임계 최대 제거 농도는 40 ppm임을 확인 할 수 있었다. Kinetic analysis를 통해 얻은 TMA의 최대 제거 속도($V_m$)와 기질친화상수($K_s$)는 각각 14.3 g$\cdot$m$^{-3}$$\cdot$h$^{-1}$과 0.043 g$\cdot$m$^{-3}$로 나타났으며, 충격부하에 대한 미생물의 순응 기간은 100$\sim$150 hr 정도로 나타났다. 또한, 침출수중의 EPS 농도가 100$\sim$200 ppm의 범위에서 지속적으로 측정되어 반응기내에서 생물막이 지속적으로 생성되어짐을 확인 할 수 있었다.