• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to elucidate the proper suppling frequency of nutrient solution for grafted cactus Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii grown hydroponically without medium. Grafted cactus seedlings were planted onto the cultivation bed without medium, using labor-saving tray. The treatments like 1, 3, 5 and 7 times of nutrient solution supply per day and continuous soaking of plant root in the nutrient solution during the daytime were tested in summer and winter season. The growth of grafted cactus was worst in the treatment of one time supply of nutrient solution per day, and there were not significant difference in growth of grafted cactus among other treatments both in summer and winter season. 17.6% of grafted cactus seedlings failed to rooting in the treatment of one time supply of nutrient solution per day in winter season. The proper suppling frequency of nutrient solution, for the grafted cactus Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii grown hydroponically without medium, was three times supply of nutrient solution per day both in summer and winter seasons considering growth and rooting of plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.178-178
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• 2003

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.234-238
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of growth retardants such as CCC and diniconazole in grafted cactus for control shipping product of grafted cactus, which had high degree of dependence upon export. The PGRs were 50, 100, 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ CCC and diniconazole, respectively. Treatment of diniconazole and CCC not reduced diameter on Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii but number of tubercle reduced significantly according to the increase of diniconazole treatment, control was 7.2 tubercles, but with 100 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ diniconazole was 6.4 tubercles. Treatment of diniconazole and CCC reduced significantly diameter and tubercle number on Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegata at higher concentration. Diameter and height reduced significantly the treatment of CCC with 3.3 and 13.4 mm of 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. Dry weight of root, rootstock and scion decreased at higher concentrations of CCC and diniconazole in Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegata. The most effective method of plant growth retardants for controlling of shipping time was the 150 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ CCC treatment.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.196-199
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• 2008

A new grafted cactus variety, 'Dahong', Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, is hybrid crossed between '9508021' line with red and black color, and 'Jinhong', with dark red color in 2002. It was cultivated for 6 months after grafted in vitro and planted at 100 mL test tube. After grafting in vivo in 2003, the various characteristics of this was evaluated three times until 2006. It has the flat-round shape and dark red skin, and produces the daughter globes at areoles, which are arranged well at the low part of globe. In addition, it has 8~10 ribs and the gray and slant spines in body. The ability of propagation is better than 'Jinhong' to produce approximately 13.6 daughter globes.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2022

The graft cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) continues to be exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. In April 2021, typical bacterial symptoms of soft rot were observed in the graft cactus (cv. Yeonbit) in Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, resulting in economic losses in cactus production. The stems turned dark brown and the flowers were covered with black rot. The bacterial strain designated as KNUB-01-21 was isolated from infected stems and flowers. The results of the morphological and biochemical tests of the isolate were similar to those of Pectobacterium brasiliense. For molecular analysis, the 16S rRNA region and three housekeeping genes (dnaX, leuS, and recA) of the strain KNUB-01-21 were amplified. Based on the results of the molecular analysis and morphological and biochemical tests, KNUB-01-21 was identified as P. brasiliense. The pathogenicity of KNUB-01-21 on graft cactus was confirmed by an inoculation test. Artificial inoculation using P. brasiliense KNUB-01-21 produced soft rot symptoms on the grafted cactus, and the same bacterium was re-isolated and re-identified. This is the first report of P. brasiliense causing soft rot in graft cactus in Korea.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.248-250
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• 2011

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. mihanovichii 'Ihong', for exporting abroad, was developed by crossing G. mihanovichii 'DR' line with dark red color, and G. mihanovichii 'Seolhong' cultivar with dark red in 2005. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2006, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2009. It has flat round shape and dark red skin. In addition, it has 8 to 10 ribs and brown straight spines on the body. Its diameter was 44.0 mm after 10 months from planting, and bigger comparing with that of 'Seolhong' cultivar. The ability of propagation in 'Ihong' was better than that of 'Seolhong' and 'Ihong' approximately produced 15.8 offsets for 10 months.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.575-582
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to study the qualitative changes of grafted cactus after harvest and to examine the decomposition characteristics of pathogenic fungi which occurs or grows during the simulated shipping period. Plant materials with four varieties of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii including, 'Hukwang', 'Huhong', 'Hwangwol', 'Yeunhwa' and two varieties of Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegate such as 'Goldcrown' and 'Yellowcrown' were used. During the simulated shipping period, the fresh-weight, bulb diameter, carbon dioxide emission rate, and decomposition rate were observed. The regeneration rate and decomposition rate were observed for the grafted cactuses that were placed in a greenhouse environment with a temperature of $28{\pm}12^{\circ}C$ and humidity of $36{\pm}15.3%$ after 40 days of simulated shipping. There were reductions in the fresh-weight and bulb diameter in every variety as time passed while the carbon dioxide emission rate showed no meaningful difference by each variety. Furthermore, the decomposition rate in the scion was higher than in the stock. According to the analysis of pathogenic fungi by decomposition characteristics, Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. in G. mihanovichii var. friedrichii were found and Alternaria sp., Bipolaris sp., Cladospoirum sp. in C. silvestrii f. variegate were identified. Therefore, to maintain and improve the quality of grafted cactus, it is necessary to analyze the factors of decomposition from the time of harvest until the point of export and develop a process technology to minimize the decomposition rate.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.242-245
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• 2000

In 1999 and 2000, a rot of graft-cacti including Hylocereus trigonus (three-angled cactus), Gymnocalycium mihanovichii, and Chamaecereus silvestrii occurred in several greenhouses in major cactus-growing areas of Korea. Typical symptoms included a moist, light brown rot or a watery rot of the stems. A Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from the lesions. The fungus formed dark gray, dense or floccose colonies on potato dextrose agar, frequently forming many light pink acervuli often surrounded with setae. The hyaline, cylindrical conidia were one-celled with round ends. Appressoria were mostly semicircular or clavate. Thin-walled asci contained eight, one-celled, hyaline ascospores (biseriate in ascus). Ascopspores were strainht or curved, ellipsoidal or subcylindrical. Based on these characteristics, the fungus was identified as Glomerlla cingulata (anamorph : C. gloeosporioides). Wound inoculation of basal stems of the cactus by the mycelial plugs or conidia produced symptoms identical to those described above. Various cactus species were compared in susceptibility using stem disc inoculation. Cereus tetragonus, Eriocereus jusbertii, Myrtillocactus geomentrizans, and three-angled cacti from Mexico and Taiwan were susceptible, but C. peruvianus (Peruvian apple cactus) and Harrisia tortuosa not. This is the first report of G. cingulata causing stem rot of graft-cactus in Korea.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.197-200
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• 2009

A new grafted cactus cultivar, G. 'Gohong', was developed by crossing 'DR' line with dark red color and G. 'Seolhong' with dark red color in 2004. It grew for 6 months after grafting in vitro and culturing at 100 mL test tube. After grafting and planting in greenhouse in 2005, various characteristics were evaluated three times until 2008. It has flat-round shape and dark red skin. In addition, it has 8 to 10 ribs and gray and straight spines on the body. The diameter of it was 44.1 mm after 10 months. It grew bigger and faster comparing with G 'Seolhong' cultivar. The ability of propagation in G. 'Gohong' is similar to that of G. 'Seolhong' producing approximately 12.1 daughter globes for 10 months after planting.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2010

This work is for selecting superior media which is similar to Peat Moss that is in general use as media of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii for Export such as 'Hwang wall' but lower price. The result on growth of 7 kinds of media (Peat Moss, BM6 Culture Medium, Coco Peat, Hydro Cray, Hydro Ball, Hugato, Vermiculite) which are applied watering (overhead irrigation, sub irrigation) based on bichemical analysis including chemical, physical analysis are following. The result of bi-chemical analysis shows that Coco Peat was stabilized planting after 90 days and Hydro Ball has high water holding capacity. The experimental result of growth in grafted cactus 'Hwangwall' shows Coco Peat is similar to Peat Moss on organic matter and in case of inorganic media, Hugato, Vermiculite, Hydro Cray made satisfactory results. But, the weight of inorganic media is too light to be tied. Consequently, Coco Peat and sphagnum moss as organic media has lower price and the condition of growth is analogous to Peat Moss. On the other hands, Hydro Ball was chosen as a substitute of Peat Moss in inorganic media.