• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the whitening effect of Angelicae dahuricae Radix water extract (ADWE) by its application on artificial tanning spots which were induced by 1,500 $mJ/cm^2$ of UVB radiation on the backs of brown guinea pigs weighing approximately 450~500 g. Thirty ${\mu}l$ of ADWE, at each application, were applied twice a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks to the guinea pigs. The artificial tanning spots were divided into 3 groups which were vehicle control group [propylene glycol: ethanol: water (5:3:2)], positive control group (2% hydroquinone) and experimental group (2% ADWE). The visible whitening effect and changes in melanin index were evaluated once a week. On completion of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed under anesthetization, and the artificial tanning spots were excised by biopsy punch and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) to observe histological change and also stained with Fontana-Masson's silver (F-M) and S-100 to observe melanin pigmentation and melanocytes. In the gross observation, the experimental group showed higher pigmentation than the positive control group but lower pigmentation than the vehicle control group. Histological observation confirmed that ADWE had a positive whitening effect by showing a lower distribution of melanin and melanocytes in the epidermis of experimental group than in the vehicle control group.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2002

HM10411 is a recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) that has been developing as a drug for neutropenia. In this study, antigenic potential of HM10411 was examined by active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) in guinea pigs and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in guinea pig-guinea pig system. HM10411 was subcutaneously administered at 0,5, and 50 mg/kg and also as a suspension with adjuvant (50 mg/kg+FCA). Ovalbumin (OVA) as a suspension with adjuvant was used to induce positive control responses. In the ASA test, no symptoms except urination and evacuation that were considered as physiological phenomena were observed at 0 and 5 mg/kg. Two of 5 animals at 50 mg/kg showed sneering, dyspnea, or cyanosis. All animals in the adjuvant mixture group showed severe symptoms of anaphylatic shock and 3 of them died. In the PCA test, no antibody against HM 10411 was detected in the sera from the animals sensitized with 0 or 5 mg/kg. Only 1 serum sample from the animals immunized with 50 mg/kg showed positive reaction against HM10411, while all 5 sera collected from the HM10411 and FCA mixture group contained the HM10411-specific antibodies. These results suggest HM10411 is considered to have antigenicity In guinea pig.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1508-1513
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• 2000

The aim of this trial was to study the response of laboratory animals including omnivores (rats) and herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters) to the same level of dietary fiber on their digestive enzymes and hindgut fermentation. Ten weanling animals of each of four species, rabbits, guinea-pigs, rats and Syrian hamster, were fed a basal diet of 18% crude protein and 10% crude fiber for six weeks. The digesta and tissue of each intestinal segment were collected to measure the activity of digestive enzymes. Rabbits contained the highest secreted pepsin activity in the stomach, whereas rats contained the highest protease and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity in the small intestine, and lower fibrous hydrolases in the hindgut than rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters. The total VFA productions in the caecum and colon were highest in rats, followed by hamsters and rabbits, while the guinea pigs contained the lowest VFA and a different pattern of VFA molar ratio from the other laboratory animals. The degree of hindgut fermentation in these laboratory animals was in reverse to the trend for their fiber digestion.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.461-475
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol and stress on liver and buccal mucosa in guinea pig by immunological methods. Especially, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) which in oxidase during alcohol metabolism and bioactivator to carcinogen was used as an indicator in this study. 48 guinea pigs were used in this study. The experimental guinea pig were divided into three groups: The first was a group with giving alcohol-15%(v/v) ethyl alcohol, the second group was a with giving stress in the $0^{\circ}C$ water and the third was a control group. Every 4 guinea pigs of each group were sacrificed weekly-first, second, third, fourth week after experiment and extracted liver tissues and buccal mucosa. The liver tissues were observed by using immunoblotting technique (Western blot) and buccal mucosa were observed by immunofluorescence technique. The results were as follows: 1. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was amplified positive in the liver tissues at third week. 2. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was not detected in the buccal mucosa at any period.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.403-410
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• 1990

The effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) or kimchi on the metabolism of xenobiotics in guinea pig administered policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH) an environmental pollutant was inves-tigated. Guinea pigs given oral supplementation were divided into 4 groups. Group A(control) was supplemented with 2mg of AsA/day group B with 2mg of AsA and PAH/day gruop C with 50mg of AsA and PAH/day. Changes of liver cytochrome P-450 contents and 7-ethoxycou-marin O-deethylase(ECOD) activity glutamate-oxaloacetate transferase(GOT) activity in serum and AsA contents in various tissues were determined. Cytochrome P-450 contents ECOD activity and GOT activity increased in B, C and D groups administered PAH. Moreover cytoch-rome P=450 contents and ECOD activity in group C were higher than those of group A and D. The content of AsA in the tissues of group B was lower than that of A, C and D groups respectively. These results suggested that AsA was necessary in the PAH metabolism moreo-ver supplementation of large amount of AsA or kimchi in the guinea administered PAH had an influence in the drug-metabolizing enzyme induction thus caused a decrease of AsA in tissues.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2014

Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound found in various natural products such as grapes and berries and possesses anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-aging properties. Recently, it has been reported that resveratrol inhibits ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone signaling, viability, and migration in melanoma cells. However, these effects have not been confirmed in vivo, specifically brownish guinea pigs. To evaluate the potential of resveratrol as a regulator of melanin for hyperpigmentation therapy, the influence of resveratrol on pigmentation was investigated by ultraviolet B-induced hyperpigmentation in brownish guinea pig skin. We found that resveratrol reduced the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanoma cells. Furthermore, topical application of resveratrol was demonstrated to significantly decrease hyperpigmentation on ultraviolet B-stimulated guinea pig skin in vivo. Based on our histological data, resveratrol inhibits melanin synthesis via a reduction in tyrosinase-related protein 2 among the melanogenic enzymes. This study is the first to provide evidence supporting resveratrol as a depigmentation agent, along with further clinical investigation of resveratrol in ultraviolet B-induced skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation and skin photoaging.

• 약학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2016

This study was performed to examine the skin phototoxicity of purified bee venom (Apis mellifera L.) collected using bee venom collector. To confirm whether the gel containing purified bee venom (BV gel) causes photototoxicity when used for the skin medicinal products, phototoxicity testing was conducted using guinea pig models. The BV gel (0.1 ml/site) was administered transdermally to guinea pigs. 8-MOP was used to introduce positive control response. After administration, the guinea pigs were irradiated with UVA ($15J/cm^2$) with doses based on standard phototoxicity study guidelines. In the weight measurement and clinical observation, BV gel groups didn't show any significant changes compared with control group. BV gel groups did not show any symptoms such as erythema and edema formation of skin. This study demonstrated that BV gel has promising potential external treatment for topical uses that do not induce significant levels of skin phototoxicity.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1996

Antigenicity of recombinant human interferon $\beta$(LB00013), a newly developed drug for anti-cancer and anti-viral therapeutic use, was investigated in mice and guinea pigs. The following results were obtained: 1. Mice showed no production of antibodies against LB00013 sensitized with aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) as an adjuvant, when judged by the heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test in rats. Meanwhile, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized with Alum were clearly detected. 2. In guinea pigs, the sensitization of neither LB00013 only nor LB00013 with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) produced positive reactions in the homologous active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and the PCA tests. Meanwhile, the sensitization of OVA with CFA produced positive reactions in both PCA and ASA. 3. A LB00013-specific reaction was not observed in an indirect hemagglutination(IHA) assay using sera isolated from LB00013 sensitized mice. The present results suggested that LB00013 may have no antigenic potential in mice and guinea pigs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.331-335
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• 1994

As a part of the safety evaluation of Pseudomonas vaccine(CFC-101), antigenicity tests were carried out in guinea pigs and mice. In active systemic anaphylaxis(ASA) test, guinea pigs showed no sign or only moderate sign(1/5) when sensitized and challenged with up to 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg. In homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test using guinea pigs, inoculation of CFC-101 alone did not produce CFC-101-specific antibody. When inoculated with 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg plus adjuvant, challenge of 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg produced PCA titer of 32(5/5) but challenge of 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg did not produce CFC-101-specific antibody. In heterologous PCA test using mice, CFC-101-specific antibody was not detected when sensitized with CFC-101 alone. Some animals(3/12) showed positive PCA response when inoculated with 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg plus alum. In passive hemagglutination (PHA) test, although no antibody was detected at 20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, inoculation of 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg alone or with alum produced positive response in all animals. This result has already been predicted because CFC-101 is a vaccine developed for the purpose of immunization. From the above results, it can be concluded that there is no adverse antigenic potential up to 10 times clinical dose of 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 1972

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect on the liver of guinea pig after administration of 4.5mCi per Kg. body wt. with iodine-131. The histological changes in the liver were degeneration of hepatic cells, congestion of sinusoids, dilatation of bile ducts, perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes, and dissociation of hepatic cords. A marked histological changes were produced after treatment for 14 days and the morphological recoveries were observed 28 days after the treatment.