• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

Therapeutic injections into the craniofacial region can be a complex procedure because of the nature of its anatomical structure. This technical note demonstrates a process for creating an extra-oral template to inject therapeutic substances into the temporomandibular joint and the lateral pterygoid muscle. The described process involves merging cone-beam computed tomography data and extra-oral facial scans obtained using a mobile device to establish a correlated data set for virtual planning. Virtual injection points were simulated using existing dental implant planning software to assist clinicians in precisely targeting specific anatomical structures. A template was designed and then 3D printed. The printed template showed adequate surface fit. This innovative process demonstrates a potential new clinical technique. However, further validation and in vivo trials are necessary to assess its full potential.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.50.1-50.8
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• 2021

Although several techniques have been proposed to remove fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post, no safe and efficient technique has been established. Recently, a guided endodontics technique has been introduced in cases of pulp canal obliteration. This study describes 2 cases of FRC post removal from maxillary anterior teeth using this guided endodontics technique with a dental operating microscope. Optically scanned data set from plaster cast model was superimposed with the data set of cone-beam computed tomography. By implant planning software, the path of a guide drill was selected. Based on them, a customized stent was fabricated and utilized to remove the FRC post. Employing guided endodontics, the FRC post was removed quickly and safely with minimizing the loss of the remaining tooth structure. The guided endodontics was a useful option for FRC post removal.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.127-130
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• 2004

For the quality control of the industrial products, an automatic hole measuring system has been developed. The measurement device allows X-Y movement due to contact forces between a hole and its own circular cone and the device is attached to an industrial robot. Its measurement accuracy is about 0.04mm. This movement of the plate is measured by two LVDT sensor system. But this system using the LVDT sensors is restricted by high cost and precision of measurement and correspondence of environment so particularly, a vision system with CCD-Camera is discussed in this paper for the above mentioned purpose. The device consists of two of two links jointed with hinge pins basically and, they guarantee free movement of the touch prove attached on the second link in the same plane. These links are returned to home position by the spring plungers automatically after each process for the next one. On the surface of the touch prove, it has a circular white mark for camera recognition. The system detect and notify the center coordinate of capture mark image through the image processing. Its measuring accuracy has been proved to be about $\pm$0.01mm through the repeated implementation over 200 times. This technique will shows the advantage of touch-indirect image capture idea using cone-shaped touch prove in various symmetrical shaped holes particulary, like tapped holes, chamfered holes, etc As a result, we attained our object in a view of the accuracy, economical efficiency, and functionality

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2002

The effects of Reynolds number on the non-nulling calibrations of a cone-type ave-type probe in low-speed flows have been investigated at Reynolds numbers of 2.04$\times$10$^3$, 4.09$\times$10$^3$and 6.13$\times$10$^3$. The calibration is conducted at the pitch and yaw angles in ranges between -35 degrees and 35 degrees with an angle interval of 5 degrees. In addition to the calibration coefficients, reduced pitch and yaw angles, static and total pressures, and velocity magnitude are obtained through a typical non-nulling reduction procedure. The result shows that each calibration coefficient, in general, is a function of both the pitch and yaw angles, so that the pre-existing calibration data in a nulling mode are not enough in accounting far the full non-nulling calibration characteristics. Due to interference of the probe stem, the calibration coefficient are more sensitive to Reynolds number at positive pitch angles than at negative ones. The calibration data reduced in this study may serve as a guide line in the estimation of uncertainty intervals resulted from the Reynolds number effects at low Reynolds numbers.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

Objective : To describe our experiences with a fully equipped high-end digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system within a hybrid operating room (OR). Methods : A single-plane DSA system with 3-dimensional rotational angiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and real-time navigation software was used in our hybrid OR. Between April 2014 and January 2018, 191 sessions of cerebrovascular procedures were performed in our hybrid OR. After the retrospective review of all cases, the procedures were categorized into three subcategorical procedures : combined endovascular and surgical procedure, complementary rescue procedure during intervention and surgery, and frameless stereotaxic operation. Results : Forty-nine of 191 procedures were performed using hybrid techniques. Four cases of blood blister aneurysms and a ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm were treated using bypass surgery and endovascular trapping. Eight cases of ruptured aneurysm with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were treated by partial embolization and surgical clipping. Six cases of ruptured arteriovenous malformation with ICH were treated by Onyx embolization of nidus and subsequent surgical removal of nidus and ICH. Two (5.4%) of the 37 cases of pre-mature rupture during clipping were secured by endovascular coil embolization. In one (0.8%) complicated case of 103 intra-arterial thrombectomy procedures, emergency surgical embolectomy with bypass surgery was performed. In 27 cases of ICH, frameless stereotaxic hematoma aspiration was performed using $XperGuide^{(R)}$ system (Philips Medical Systems, Best, the Netherlands). All procedures were performed in single sessions without any procedural complications. Conclusion : Hybrid OR with a fully equipped DSA system could provide precise and safe treatment strategies for cerebrovascular diseases. Especially, we could suggest a strategy to cope flexibly in complex lesions or unexpected situations in hybrid OR. CBCT with real-time navigation software could augment the usefulness of hybrid OR.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2015

목적: 인상재와 석고모형을 사용하지 않고 디지털 영상 만을 사용하여 제작된 수술가이드를 이용한 치과 임플란트 수술의 정확도를 평가하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 상하악 부분 무치악 모델 6개 세트를 본 연구에 사용하였다. 모델을 환자 구강구조로 간주하고 부분 무치악 모델을 Trios 구강스캐너로 디지털 인상을 채득하였다. 수술가이드의 정확도 평가를 위해 제작된 Reference plate를 모델의 교합면에 고정한 상태로 CBCT를 촬영하였다. CBCT에서 얻은 영상과 디지털 인상에서 얻은 영상을 정합하고 정합한 영상에서 임플란트 식립위치를 진단하고 수술가이드를 디자인하였다. 제작된 수술가이드를 이용하여 부분 무치악 모델에서 임플란트를 식립하였다. 시술 후, 시술 전과 동일한 방법으로 CBCT를 촬영하여 시술 전 컴퓨터 소프트웨어에서 측정한 수치와 시술 후 CBCT촬영하여 소프트웨어상에서 측정한 시술 후 수치 사이 차이점을 비교하였다. 결과: 평균거리오차가 임플란트 상단 X축에서 0.27 mm, Y축에서 0.29 mm 였으며, 임플란트 하단(Apex)부위에서는 X축에서 0.11 mm, Y축에서 0.14 mm 평균각도오차가 X축에서 $0.26^{\circ}$, Y축에서 $0.26^{\circ}$ 였다. 평균수직오차는 +0.44 mm로 시술 전 계획한 높이보다 평균 0.44 mm 더 위로 임플란트가 식립되었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 인상재와 석고모형을 사용하지 않고 디지털 영상 만을 사용하여 제작된 수술가이드를 사용하여 임플란트를 시술할 경우 계획한 임플란트 식립 위치와 방향으로 높은 정확도를 가지고 임플란트를 식립할 수 있음을 보여 주었다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2016

PURPOSE. A recently introduced direct drill-guiding implant surgery system features minimal tolerance of surgical instruments in the metal sleeve by using shank-modified drills and a sleeve-incorporated stereolithographic guide template. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of this new guided surgery system in partially edentulous patients using geometric analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS. For the study, 21 implants were placed in 11 consecutive patients using the direct drill-guiding implant surgery system. The stereolithographic surgical guide was fabricated using cone-beam computed tomography, digital scanning, computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing, and additive manufacturing processes. After surgery, the positional and angular deviations between planned and placed implants were measured at the abutment level using implant-planning software. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the deviations (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The mean horizontal deviations were 0.593 mm (SD 0.238) mesiodistally and 0.691 mm (SD 0.344) buccolingually. The mean vertical deviation was 0.925 mm (SD 0.376) occlusogingivally. The vertical deviation was significantly larger than the horizontal deviation (P=.018). The mean angular deviation was 2.024 degrees (SD 0.942) mesiodistally and 2.390 degrees (SD 1.142) buccolingually. CONCLUSION. The direct drill-guiding implant surgery system demonstrates high accuracy in placing implants. Use of the drill shank as the guiding component is an effective way for reducing tolerance.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2019

Computer guided implant surgery와 computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, computer guided implant surgery (CAD/CAM) 기술의 발전은 수복 기반 임플란트 치료의 완성도를 한층 더 높였으며, 3D printing을 통한 국소의치의 제작도 빈도가 늘고 있다. 본 증례는 디지털 치의학의 작업 흐름을 따라서 콘빔컴퓨터단층촬영을 통한 치료 계획 수립 및 수술용 스텐트의 제작과 그를 바탕으로 한 임플란트 식립을 하였으며, 맞춤 지대주와 보철물을 제작하였다. 그 후 전자 서베잉과 3D printing을 통한 국소의치 금속 구조물 및 최종적으로 지르코니아 온레이의 제작을 통해 전악 수복을 완성하여 기능과 심미적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.214-219
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• 2019

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 상악과 하악의 완전 무치악 환자에서 보철물로 상실된 치열궁 폭경 재건을 위한 기준을 제시하기 위하여 과두간 폭경에 대한 상악 제1대구치간 폭경의 상관관계를 평가하기 위함이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 콘빔형 전산화단층영상(Cone-beam CT)을 촬영한 환자 중, 본 연구의 기준에 부합하는 한국인 120명(남성 60명, 여성 60명)을 선택하였으며 Invivo 5.1을 이용해 Cone-beam CT scan을 분석하였다. 축의 방향설정 후, 상악 제1대구치의 근심 협측 교두정간 거리를 측정하였으며, 과두간 폭경은 각 과두의 중심점을 지정하여 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Version 20.0으로 분석하였고, Pearson의 상관분석을 이용하여 과두간 폭경과 상악 제1대구치간 폭경의 상관관계의 통계적 유의성을 검증하였다. 결과: 한국인의 평균 과두간 폭경은 105.9 mm였으며, 남성이 108.3 mm 여성이 103.4 mm였다. 평균 상악 제1대구치간 폭경은 57.1 mm였으며, 남성이 57.9 mm 여성이 56.2 mm였다. 과두간 폭경과 상악 제1대구치간 폭경에 대한 Pearson의 상관분석 결과, 0.614의 Pearson 상관계수로 통계적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 과두간 폭경과 상악 제1대구치간 폭경은 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 한국인의 과두간 폭경과 상악 제1대구치간폭경의 평균 비율은 1:0.54를 보였다. 본 제한된 연구의 결과를 근거로 상악과 하악의 완전 무치악 환자에서 과두간 폭경을 본래의 상악 치열궁 폭경 설정을 위한 가이드로서 사용이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

For the precision measurement of industrial products, the location of holes inside the products, if they exist, are often selected as feature points. The measurement of hole location would be performed by vision and laser-vision sensor. However, the usage of those sensors is limited in case of big change of light intensity and reflective shiny surface of the products. In order to overcome the difficulties, we have developed a hole displacement measuring device using contact-type displacement sensors (LVDTs). The developed measurement device attached to a robot measures small displacement of a hole by allowing its X-Y movement due to the contact forces between the hole and its own circular cone. The developed device consists of three plates which are connected in series for its own function. The first plate is used for the attachment to an industrial robot with ball-bush joints and springs. The second and third plates allow X-Y direction as LM guides. The bottom of the third plate is designed that various circular cones can be easily attached according to the shape of the hole. The developed system was implemented for its effectiveness that its measurement accuracy is less than 0.05mm.