• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.551-562
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• 2003

Purpose: All nurses should provide spiritual care for their clients. It is especially important to care spiritually for cancer patients facing the crisis of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of spirituality which is one of the basic concepts for spiritual care in cancer patients. Method: The subjects of this study were 8 cancer patients; 2 Christians,3 Buddhists, and 3 persons who did not have any religion. The data was collected and analyzed by Hybrid Model. Result: The results of this study were as follows: Dimensions of spirituality(vertical dimension connected with the absolute being, horizontal dimension related to others, existential dimension related to seeking of meaning), attributes of spirituality(dynamic process strengthened in suffering due to struggle with cancer, connectedness with the absolute being or will and belief in oneself, transcendence of reality, meaning and purpose of life, future oriented), outcomes of spirituality(intrinsic, behavioral). Conclusion: The spirituality of cancer patients is manifested differently by his(her) religion, age, past experiences and burden of family, and is able to be strengthened with cancer. Therefore, nurses should recognize that diagnosis and deterioration of cancer is not only a spiritual crisis but can be a good chance for spiritual growth, as well.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2020

Basal cell adenocarcinoma is 1 ~ 2 % of salivary gland carcinoma. It was recently classified as low grade malignancy. It is low grade malignant counterpart of basal cell adenoma. It has similar morphologic attributes with basal cell adenoma, but it has distinctive malignant potential including infiltrative growth into surrounding tissues and distant metastasis. Recently, we have experienced a case of basal cell adenocarcinoma arising from the bilateral parotid gland in a 38-year old woman who was previously operated on superficial parotidectomy due to pleomorphic adenoma. We report this rare case with a review of literature.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.766-775
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• 2014

This study is aimed to research the actual wearing condition of ballet dancewear of girls aged between 2 and 6 years on its design, size and fit. Survey data were collected from 171 mothers who have a girl learning ballet dance. The questionnaire was composed with ballet education, ballet dancewear purchasing, preference on design, size selection, and fitting. The collected data were analyzed with frequencies statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA using the SPSS WIN 20.0. The results are as follows; High rate of respondents said that the purpose of ballet education was for good body balance, leisure activity, and height growth. The main method of purchase was online shopping. The design, price, size and fit were identified as important ballet dancewear attributes for girls. The most preferred style of ballet dancewear were 'short sleeve skirted leotard' and 'camisole skirted leotard' which look like dress. The respondents reported slight satisfaction with size and fit, price, convenience in action, sewing and durability. The most preferred sizing system was code by height but any ballet dancewear makers don't use code by height. Therefore it is difficult for consumers to select size. Retailers and manufacturers could potentially use the results of this study to improve the sizing system and fit for children's ballet dancewear.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.19-30
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• 2015

In recent years, various studies about 'Biomorphic design' have been conducted and accelerated among many recent design concepts and methodology. Therefore, this study classifies the types of biomorphic fashion design based on literature review, and select biomorphic fashion designs in the latest fashion designer's collection. This study aimed to determine the types and characteristics of the biomorphic design in fashion design, and analyze the characteristics and the interpreted intrinsic meanings through Greimas Semiotic rectangle model based on the Binary-Opposition of meaning and Isotophy. As the result of analysis, biomorphic designs in fashion are classified as three types: 'representational imitation of form', 'technical imitation of functional features', and 'imitation of symbolic attribute'. 'Representational imitation of form' was derived from an organic design through atypical forms, repetition and extension of figurative forms of nature, and 'the functionalities of the nature' are interpreted as the feature to maintain the condition of the life itself and to attempt to regulate the status of self-autonomy. Lastly, 'the imitation of symbolic attributes' is designing the process of creation, growth, expansion and destruction from circulation of nature.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2009

Gochujang was prepared and fermented in 20 L new and reused Onggis, stainless and plastic containers. Quality attributes of the Gochujang were analyzed during the fermentation at room temperature. The microporous Onggicontainers, were found to promote the fermentative microbial growth, helping to create the desirable condition for good quality Gochujang. Reused Onggi resulted in Gochujang with higher content of amino nitrogen and free amino acids, and lower reducing sugar than new Onggi, which provided good sensory qualities in odor, taste and overall acceptability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2005.08a
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• pp.22-46
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• 2005

Spatial and timely information on crop and filed conditions is one of the most important basics for rational and efficient planning and management in agriculture. Remote sensing, GIS, and modeling are powerful tools for such applications. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art in remote sensing of crop and field conditions with some case studies. It is also shown that a synergistic linkage between process-based models and remote sensing signatures enables us to estimate the multiple crop/ecosystem variables at a dynamic mode. Remotely sensed information can greatly reduce the uncertainty of simulation models by compensating for insufficient availability of data or parameters. This synergistic approach allows the effective use of infrequent and multi-source remote sensing data for estimating important ecosystem variables such as biomass growth and ecosystem $CO_2$ flux. This paper also shows a geo-spatial information system that enables us to integrate, search, extract, process, transform, and calculate any part of the data based on ID#, attributes, and/or by river-basin boundary, administrative boundary, or boundaries of arbitrary shape/size all over Japan. A case study using the system demonstrates that the nitrogen load from fertilizer was closely related to nitrate concentration of groundwater. The combined use of remote sensing, GIS and modeling would have great potential for various agro-ecosystem applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2018

Malaysia is regarded as one of the leaders in the global halal marketplace, which has undergone huge growth in the past few years. The aims of this study were to identify imported food consumers in Malaysia based on Food Related Lifestyle (FRL) attributes and to investigate the demographic characteristics and purchasing behaviors of each segmented groups. Using an online survey, a total of 600 responses were collected in Malaysia. Excluding invalid responses, cluster analysis segmented imported food consumers into four FRL groups: impulsive, high interest, low interest, and traditional consumers. The results of this study were as follows. First, depending on lifestyle, the groups exhibited significant differences in demographic characteristics (age, race, religion, and education level). Second, differences in purchasing behaviors (purchasing frequency, place, and information sources of imported food products) were verified. Especially, purchasing frequency of imported food was higher in the high interest consumer group compared to the other groups. Based on these results, marketing implications of the study findings are discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.779-788
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• 2020

Commercial banks play an important role as the main source of funding in the transition process of Vietnam as a market economy. As a result, enhancing the efficiency and productivity of Vietnamese banks can decrease the lending cost for individuals and enterprises. This study is to measure and analyze the productivity change of Vietnamese banking system in different ownership cohorts and sources of this change during the period of restructuring (2011-2019). The Hicks-Moorsteen total factor productivity index is utilised to measure the productivity change and to identify the sources of this change. For an empirical analysis, the data of 28 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2011 to 2018 is collected from their financial statements including balance sheets and income statements. The results show an increase of Vietnamese bank productivity due to the technological progress. While foreign and joint-venture banks are the most advanced cohort, state-owned banks have the lowest rate of productivity growth. The restructuring program negatively impacts scale efficiency and this measure attributes to a decline in the overall efficiency of the banks. We also found that state-owned commercial banks are the most efficient group in the sense that they can achieve the maximal level of revenue from a given amount of expense.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2008

In recent years, IPTV attracts great attention along with the digital convergence of communication and media technologies. IPTV combines the advantages of TV and Internet and changes our lifestyle dramatically. In addition, the IPTV service is capable of becoming a new business model which has huge growth potentials in technology-converging marketplaces. This study examines critical factors on the consumer's adoption of the IPTV service. Based on the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), IPTV specific attributes and personal characteristics, we derive eight key factors in the research model. compatibility, ease of use, image, diversity of contents, interactivity, monetary value, social influence, and user satisfaction. Using the partial least square (PLS) method on the data collected through a web-based survey, we test our research model with several hypotheses. From this study, we find that diversity of contents, compatibility and interactivity have a significant indirect effect on the use of IPTV service via user satisfaction, and user satisfaction and social influence also have a significant direct impact on the IPTV use. These findings not only provide practical insights on the consumer acceptance of new technology-converging services, but also help managers to plan their marketing strategies better.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.675-681
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• 1998

Low density polyethlene(LDPE0 films of 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thickness were fabricated with addition of antimicrobial agents of Rheum palmatum extract, Coptis chinensis extract, sorbic acid and Ag-substitude inorganic zirconium matrix in 1% concentration. The films were compared in physical properties, tested in antimicrobial activity against some selected microorganisms on the agar plate medium and then applied for packaging fresh curled lettuce and cucumber to preserve their qualities. The films with Rheum palmatum extract, Coptis chinensis extract, and Ag-substituted inorganic zirconium matrix did not show any antimicrobial activity on the disk test against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Penicilluium chrysogenum, while film with sorbic acid did against E. coli, S. aureus and L. mesenteroides. The added antimicrobial agents changed the color and light transmittance of the films, but did not affect their mechanical tensile strength, heat shrinkage and wettability. For the packaged curled lettuce and cucumber stored at 5$^{\circ}C$ and 1$0^{\circ}C$, all the LDPE films impregnated with antimicrobial agents showed the reduced growth of total aerobic bacteria in the vegetables compared with control film without any additive until it reached the level around 108/g. They did not give any negative effect on other quality attributes during storage.