• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.318-335
• /
• 2024

Objectives: Despite the growing market share of online grocery shopping, there is a need to understand customer perceived value due to the ongoing advancements in information technology. This study explores the connections between attributes, consequences, and values. Additionally, it conducts a cross-country comparison of consumers' online grocery shopping behaviors to gain a deeper understanding of consumer market segments and any potential variations among them. Methods: Data was collected through an online questionnaire survey conducted from May 1 to 15, 2024, targeting 400 consumers in Seoul, Korea, and Shanghai, China, who have experience with online grocery shopping. The survey utilized the Means-End Chain theory and association pattern technique hard laddering. Data collation and analysis were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 program. The LadderUX software was employed to analyze the links between attributes, consequences, and values and create the consumer purchasing process's implication matrix and hierarchical value map (HVM). Results: The study identified key attributes that influence online grocery shopping decisions, including delivery service, price, freshness, and quality. Korean consumers demonstrated a higher sensitivity to price (19.0%) and delivery service (17.0%). In contrast, Chinese consumers prioritized delivery service (15.0%) and after-sales service (14.8%). Commonly cited consequences included time saving (12.6% for Koreans, 11.3% for Chinese), whereas prevalent values encompassed convenience (36.8% for Koreans, 19.6% for Chinese) and economic value (26.6% for Koreans, 14.7% for Chinese). The HVM underscored these insights, highlighting diverse consumer preferences and country-specific nuances. Conclusions: The findings highlight the current state of online food consumption and consumers' value systems, revealing variations among countries. These findings offer empirical insights that can be used to create customized global marketing strategies that resonate with various consumer preferences and market dynamics.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.502-516
• /
• 2024

Wearable technology is expected to maintain continuous marketability and prospects, with its scope gradually expanding beyond the fashion sector to encompass fashion accessories. Meanwhile, the wedding industry is currently reflecting consumer preferences that emphasize individuality and emotional connection. As wedding trends evolve, there is a growing interest in unique and differentiated wedding styles. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to create high-value designs by integrating wearable LED technology into wedding accessories and dresses to meet the emotional needs of modern consumers. To achieve this, we analyzed the LED wedding accessories currently available in the market. Based on the findings, we designed and developed new such accessories and dresses through planning, development, and production processes. First, the study found out that LED wedding accessories are gaining attention as high-value products. Second, a survey of the domestic market for LED wedding accessories highlighted the needs for wedding dress designs that can be paired with LED hairpins. Third, we used Lilypad Arduino's Lily Tiny to design and develop LED wedding hairpins and dresses through a production process. Finally, by styling LED wedding hairpins and dresses together, we demonstrated the potential in creating products that blend emotion and technology, in line with the current wearable technology trends. Overall, this study offers a fresh perspective on design development in wedding accessories.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 2023

The task of sorting and excluding blemished apples and others that lack commercial appeal is currently performed manually by human eye sorting, which not only causes musculoskeletal disorders in workers but also requires a significant amount of time and labor. In this study, an automated apple-sorting machine was developed to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in apple production workers and to streamline the process of sorting blemished and non-marketable apples from the better quality fruit. The apple-sorting machine is composed of an arm-rest, a main body, and a height-adjustable part, and uses object detection through a machine learning technology called 'You Only Look Once (YOLO)' to sort the apples. The machine was initially trained using apple image data, RoboFlow, and Google Colab, and the resulting images were analyzed using Jetson Nano. An algorithm was developed to link the Jetson Nano outputs and the conveyor belt to classify the analyzed apple images. This apple-sorting machine can immediately sort and exclude apples with surface defects, thereby reducing the time needed to sort the fruit and, accordingly, achieving cuts in labor costs. Furthermore, the apple-sorting machine can produce uniform quality sorting with a high level of accuracy compared with the subjective judgment of manual sorting by eye. This is expected to improve the productivity of apple growing operations and increase profitability.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.1149-1159
• /
• 2024

With the rapid increase in the construction of smart ships and the growing proportion of IT equipment on vessels, the frequency and severity of maritime cyber incidents have significantly escalated. Recognizing this situation, the International Association of Classification Societies recently enacted the UR E26 regulation. This study investigates the definition of cyber resilience and reviews existing research, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine the priority of factors across the ship lifecycle as presented in the E26 regulation. Additionally, the E26 regulation is compared and analyzed against Cybersecurity Framework and Cyber Resiliency System of the NIST. Through this analysis, the study aims to assist companies that are unfamiliar with maritime cybersecurity in effectively responding to the IACS UR E26 regulation and proposes recommendations for the improvement of the UR E26 regulation.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.330-338
• /
• 2024

With the growing interest in rehabilitation therapy and exercise programs, there is an increasing need for smart content that simultaneously addresses both health and engagement. Particularly, exercises performed in a state of physical imbalance carry a high risk of injury, making it essential to detect and integrate balance into the training process. This paper proposes Rehabilitation Training program that combines a pressure platform with virtual reality (VR) technology to address this issue. The program enables users to perform exercises such as squats, stationary walking, and forward-backward walking in a VR environment, utilizing real-time foot pressure data captured through a pressure mat. Additionally, an algorithm based on YOLOv8-pose extracted skeletal coordinates is proposed to assess body balance and automatically count squat repetitions. The experimental results showed an average accuracy of 87.9% for each posture, confirming that users can be provided with a safer, more efficient, and immersive training experience through this approach.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.600-608
• /
• 2024

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, electronic devices are becoming increasingly miniaturized and lightweight to overcome spatial limitations, necessitating lower power consumption. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, offer an ideal solution as small-scale power generators for these compact devices. Recent research has focused on various materials and structural designs to maximize the output of triboelectric energy harvesters, highlighting the growing importance of theoretical structure analysis software for precise evaluation. COMSOL Multiphysics software provides an accurate method for simulating the electrical characteristics of TENGs. This Tutorial Status Report introduces the process of modeling TENGs and analyzing their electrical output using COMSOL Multiphysics

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.28 no.1 s.66
• /
• pp.85-97
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of sodium fluoride on the bony repair and regeneration processes after the rapid palatal expansion in the growing dogs. Eighteen dogs were divided into experimental and control groups. They were in the late mixed dentition. The rapid Palatal expansion was undertaken in all the animals($180^{\circ}$ turn/day) for ten days. The animals were sacrificed on 0, 15 and 45 days after the finish of expansion. One mg NaF/kg of body weight/day were given orally to the experimental group. Blood samples were drawn before and after expansion and the se겨m calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase level were measured. The undecalcified bone section of midpalatal suture area was made, and observed under the light microscopy The results were as follows ; 1. The day after expansion, the infiltration of inflammatory cells were prominent and the new bone formation started at the edges of the two palatal plates bodering the midpalatal suture in both groups. Especially, the newly formed osteoid were very extensive and the osteoblasts lining the osteoid were very active in the experimental group. 2. At fifteen days after expansion, the active osteoblasts lining the osteold at the surface of trabecular bony spicules and active new bone formation were observed in the both groups. However, the cellular activity and new bone formation were more prominent In the experimental group. 3. At forty five days after expansion, the continuous osteoid and new bone formation and active osteoblasts were observed in the experimental group. But these phenomena were not observed in the control group. In the control group, the numerous osteoclasts were adjacent midpalatal suture and the bony remodeling process was begun. The serum alkaline phosphatase level was maintained highly in the experimental group, but decreased in the control. According to the above results, the author reached the conclusion that sodium fluoride has the stimulation effects on the osteoid production of the osteoblasts during the healing process after the rapid Palatal expansion more continuously.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.94-108
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to provide data for the restoration of 'Yongyun(龍淵)' and 'Hwahongmun(華虹門)' through an investigation of the vicinity of their original landscapes at the time of construction of Hwaseong in Suwon and through tracing the transformative process of the environments of this vicinity. The results are as follows; As identified by 'Yongyunjung(龍淵亭)' and 'Yongdugak(龍頭閣)', other names of Yongyun, 'Banghwasuryujung(訪花隨柳亭)', which was built on 'Yongduam', is a facility whose place identity is highlighted with a sense of unity with Yongyun. The south lakefront of Yongyun, bordering Banghwasuryujung, has boundaries that make the best use of the natural geographical features of Yongduam while the current circumference of Yongyun is comparatively shorter than its original state. The size of 'Joongdo(中島)', however, seems to be an example of apparent over-design complement and reorganize 'Joongdo', which had been restored larger than its original state at the time of restoration in the 1970s. The depth of 'Yongyun' was created to be lower than the actual depth, without consideration for its initial depth, as soil was accumulated through continuous flooding after it was created. It is assumed that the original drains which were installed about 10m inside the lake were created facing the stream. As regards the planting environment, a circular planting of willows was made in the outskirts of 'Yongyun', except the 'Yongduam' which is a pure forest, and a mix of 'Pinus densiflora', shrubbery and deciduous broad leaf trees was planted in 'Joongdo'. Of the plants growing in the area of this study, plant species introduced to Korea after Hwaseong was constructed are found, most of which provide interest and attraction. The old pine trees growing in a group once grew in the castle areas of the vicinity even in the 1920s, the period of Japanese occupation, but they disappeared from the area in the aftermath of subsequent urban development and the Korean War. Although restored to the site, the number and space taken up by these trees are insignificant compared to those of the original environment. On the basis of these results, the following is considered necessary for the true restoration of the vicinity of 'Yongyun' and 'Hwahongmun': First, the grounds of 'Yongyun' should be dredged deeply enough to expose the bedrock and should be recreated in the rough outline of a half moon by extension to the southwest toward 'Yongduam' and 'Hwahongmun', and the size of 'Joongdo' should be significantly reduced. Secondly, considering that most plant species, except the pine trees and wild trees in 'Yongduam', are non-native plants introduced in order to provide such attractions such as the appreciation of scenic areas, they should be replaced with native species, mainly with the pine trees which were utilized during the construction of Hwaseong. The weeping willows planted in the 'middle-island' should be relocated to the outskirts of 'Yongyun', and replaced with pine trees as the major trees and maple trees or deciduous broadleaf trees to fill in the gaps. Thirdly, exotic species such as the 'Pinus rigida' planted in a group around 'Banghwasuryujung' and 'Bugammun' and 'Pinus strobus' planted in the vicinity of Hwahongmun' should be removed.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2010

The LCC (Liquid Cadmium Cathode) structure to be developed for inhibiting the formation and growth of the uranium dendrite has been known as a key part in the electrowinning process for the simultaneous recovering of uranium and TRU (TRans Uranium) elements from spent fuels. A zinc-gallium (Zn-Ga) experimental system which is able to be functional in aqueous condition and normal temperature has been set up to observe the formation and growth phenomena of the metal dendrites on liquid cathode. The growth of the zinc dendrites on the gallium cathode and the performance of the existing stirrer type and pounder type cathode structure were observed. Although the mechanical strength of the dendrites appeared to be weak in the electrolyte and easily crashed by the various cathode structures, it was difficult to effectively submerge the dendrite into the bottom of the liquid cathode. Based on the results of the aqueous phase experiments, a lab-scale electrowinning experimental apparatus which are applicable to the development of LCC srtucture for the electrowinning process was established and the performance tests of the different types of LCC structure were conducted to prohibit the uranium dendrite growth on LCC surface. The experimental results of the stirrer type LCC structures have shown that they could not effectively remove the uranium dendrites growing at the inner side of the LCC crucible and the performances of the paddle and harrow type LCC structure were similar. Therefore a mesh type LCC structure was developed to push down the uranium dendrites to the bottom of the LCC crucible growing on the LCC surface and at the inner side of the crucible. From the experimental results for the performance test of the mesh type LCC structure, the uranium was recovered over 5 wt% in cadmium without the growth of uranium dendrites. After completion of the experiments, solid precipitates of the bottom of the LCC crucible were identified as an intermetallic compound (UCd11) by the chemical analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1974

The seed quality testing for Korean white pine (Pinus koraiensis), their pre-germination and embryo growing process were investigated and the abnormal embryo groups were discriminated by the use of soft X-ray photograph. The study results were as follows ; 1. The embryo reflection was clearly observed for air dried seeds (moisture content was 6.3%) at 30 sec, stratificated seeds at 60 sec (moisture content 24.0-36.0%) and immature seed (moisture content 41.0-64.0%) at 90sec., then the photographing variation for soft X-ray was the radiographing distance at 42cm focus M, voltage 19.5 K.V.P. and Ampere 8 mA. By the above result, the radiographing time for discriminating the embryo reflection was increased by the increase of moisture content in the seeds. 2. The embryo reflection could be clearly observed from the last ten days of June and the embryo length ratio to endosperm length was growing to 65% at the first ten days of September. By the result obtained the soft X-ray photograph was thought to be effective method for the study of inner morphology of seeds. 3. The clear reflection seeds for embryo and endorsperm were observed to 69.7% and the seeds were practically germinated to 75.2% The difference in number between the discriminated seeds by the soft X-ray photograph and the practically germinated seeds was only 6%. According to this results, the soft X-ray photograph was thought to be a effective methods for the germination diagnosis in the shortest time and with the exactness comparatively. 4. Because of the possibility of clearness for observation of pre-germination process, the soft X-ray photograph could be used for the study on the physiology of seed germination. 5. The frequency of abnormal embryos was observed of total 4.4% and their types and subtypes could be classified into twenty groups. Among these groups, single abnormal embryo type was divided into eight subtypes and observed of 2.0 percent, twin embryo was six subtypes and 1.8 percent, triple embryo was five subtypes and 0.5 percent, and inverse type was 0.12 percent.