• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Purpose : This research was carried out to find how neck exercise program combined with self stretching and muscle strengthening program influences on smart phone addicts with forward head posture. Methods : The subjects of this study were 20 smart phone-addicts with forward head posture and we divided them into 2 groups. The experimental group(10 people) participated in neck exercise program as a intervention for 3 months and the control group(the other 10 people) didn't participate in neck exercise program. Neck exercise program were composed of self stretching and muscle strengthening program. Then we measured cervical alignment with GPS(Global Posture System) and evaluated balance ability with Balance Master ver 7.0 systems. Results : The result were as follows. 1. After the intervention, experimental group were significantly more closed to normal cervical alignment than control group. 2. After the intervention, experimental group increased in dynamic balance ability a little more than control group. Conclusion : Neck exercise program seems to get cervical alignment better and improve balance ability.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-174
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a task oriented circuit exercise in upper extremity function and self-efficacy in stroke patients. An experimental group of 14 patients was assigned to conduct a task oriented circuit exercise and the general task oriented exercise a control group of 14 patients was randomly assigned to exercise for 30 minutes 5 times every week during 4 weeks. Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Self-Efficacy Scale were evaluated to compare the upper extremity function and self-efficacy before and after the exercise. The result of this study were as follows : First, after the Task oriented circuit exercise, the upper extremity function and Self-Efficacy showed statistical significant difference between pre and post test. Second, after the general task oriented exercise, the upper extremity function showed statistical significant difference between pre and post test. But not much in Self-Efficacy. The comparison result between experimental group and control group in presented statistically significant differences where the upper extremity function. But, presented not statistically significant differences where Self-Efficacy Scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the flexibility and elasticity of the muscles when the hamstrings were stretched in one direction and when they were stretched in three directions. METHODS: In this study the subjects were divided into two groups, namely the 'one-direction stretching exercise of the hamstring muscle in the neutral position' group (female: 14 people, male: 14 people) and the 'three-way stretching exercise' group (female: 12 people, male: 14 people) considering the positions of the three hamstring muscles. The elasticity and flexibility of the hamstring muscles were measured before and after the self-extension exercise, and the average value of two measurements was noted. To evaluate the flexibility of the hamstring muscle, a 'sit and reach' test was performed, and muscle elasticity was measured using the MyotonPRO® device. RESULTS: After the stretching exercise, flexibility increased in both groups. In terms of muscle elasticity, the body dynamic strength and resonance frequency of the stretching one-direction stretching group decreased after the stretching exercise. CONCLUSION: To alter the muscle characteristics and increase the flexibility when performing a stretching exercise, selecting and stretching only one muscle with the lowest range of motion yields effective results. The ideal technique to be employed appears to be to stretch the entire hamstring muscle in one direction from the neutral position.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2024

Purpose : This study was conducted to compare two non-face-to-face exercise interventions depending on whether mobile applications and wearable exercise aids are used to find out which interventions are more effective in improving senile sarcopenia. Ultimately, it was conducted to provide basic data for developing non-face-to-face intervention methods to improve sarcopenia. Method : In this study, 18 elderly sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia aged 65 or older were randomly assigned to the digital and self-exercise intervention groups. The digital exercise intervention group performed eight exercise programs with mobile applications and wearable exercise aids to record and manage the elderly performing the programs in real time. And the self-exercise intervention group performed the same program on its own as implemented in the digital exercise group. The intervention was applied for 8 weeks, and before and after the intervention, sarcopenia evaluation and physical function evaluation were performed. Results : In the digital exercise intervention group, arm muscle mass, skeletal muscle index, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved, and in the self-exercise intervention group, grip strength, SPPB, 5TSTS, and BBS were improved. Conclusion : It was confirmed that both groups are effective in improving physical performance and physical function, the digital exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle mass and self-exercise intervention is effective in improving muscle strength. Therefore, this study proposes to apply intervention methods separately according to the indicators to improve and prevent sarcopenia, and also simplify the instructions of applications used to improve sarcopenia and to create an environment where users can be trained regularly on how to use it. And, In the future, studies for the development of devices to be designed to help non-face-to-face exercise interventions or studies on the differences between face-to-face and non-face-to-face exercise interventions should be conducted in terms of the effect of improving sarcopenia.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.207-211
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week SMR, stretching, and band program on lower limb alignment (distance between the knees, Q angle) and gait (gait speed, stride length, impulse, and peak pressure) in female in their 20s who have genu varum. Method: The participants, female in their 20s who had genu varum, were randomly divided into the SMR, Stretching, and Band group (SSB, n=9), Stretching and Band group (SB, n=9), and Control Group (CG, n=9). Experimental group A (SSB) performed 3 50-minute sessions of the program per week for 8 weeks while the experimental group B (SB) performed stretching and band correctional exercise in 3 40-minute sessions per week for 8 weeks. The control group had no correctional exercise program. Results: Only the SSB group showed a significant increase in gait velocity and stride length in this study. The SSB and SB group showed a significant decrease of impulse on the forefoot after exercise program suggests that SMR and elastic band exercise had a positive effect on the distribution of foot pressure. Conclusion: We concluded that 8-week genu varum correctional exercise program had beneficial effects on the gait parameters (gait velocity, stride length, impulse, peak pressure) in 20s women with genu varum.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.43-51
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• 2006

The term thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is used to describe patients with compressed subclavian arteries, veins, and brachial plexuses in the region of the thoracic outlet. The objective of this study was to evaluate a scalenus stretching exercise that aims to restore normal function to patients with TOS. This study consisted of 60 patients with symptoms of TOS, and divided the patients into 3 groups: one that received manual therapy, one that practiced self stretching, and a control group. Each group consisted of 20 patients. This study assessed the efficacy of scalenus stretching exercise by examining the resting pain, tenderness, spherical grip power, and pinch grip power of patients. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc test, and independent t-test. The results showed that resting pain was statistically significant within the manual therapy and self stretching groups (p<.05), and that the resting pain of the manual therapy group was more statistically significant than that of the self stretching group (p<.05). Tenderness, spherical grip power, and pinch grip were statistically significant within the manual therapy and self stretching groups (p<.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>.05). Finally I could see that there were no statistical differences between manual therapy and self stretching to improve the symptoms of the patients with TOS. These results imply that self stretching by patients is as important as manual therapy by a physical therapist.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 1996

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of placebo(emotional stimulus) on physical fitness and psychological wellbeing. The subjects for the study were devided into two groups. One experimental group received placebo and the other control group did not receive. Each group was composed of 15 women. The subjects continued aerobic exercise for an hour each time, three times a week, for eight weeks. The enhancement of physical fitness has been evaluated by body weight, BP, pulse rate, skinfold thickness, circumference of waist and hip, body fat, % body fat, lean body mass, % lean body mass they were measured three times every 4 weeks. Also to evaluate the enhancement of psychological wellbeing, the self-esteem and self-perception were measured. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. The % body fat of experimental group decreased significantly than that of control group(p<0.1). 2. The % lean body mass of experimental group decreased significantly than that of control group(p<0.1). 3. There was no significant difference of other physical fitness factors between experimental group and control group. 4. There was no significant difference of self-esteem between experimental group and control group. 5. There was no significant difference of self-perception between experimental group and control group. From these results, it may be concluded that placebo(emotional stimulus) which received during aerobic exercise period is partially effective in the enhancement of the physical fitness.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.237-250
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of exercise program for prevention of falling on physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy for elderly women. 30 females above the age of 65 were subjects for this study. Over an twelve week period, 14women in the experimental group performed exercise 2 times a week for 60 minutes per session. 16women in the control group didn't participate in the exercise program. The independent variable was a exercise program for prevention of falling. Dependent variables were physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy. Prevention of falling exercise program is consisted of an elastic band using exercise and Korean dance movement exercise. Physical fitness consisted of grip strength, upper and lower body endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance, coordination. The posture was measured the static posture when standing, using a high-resolution camera, body style to automatically measure the distance and angle(M-zen, Korea). Posture was measured in both the coronal and sagittal plane via reference board. Fall prevention self-efficacy was measured via questionnaire using the Korea Falls Self-Efficacy Scale (FES-K). The physical fitness, posture and fall prevention self-efficacy were measured twice with pre and post exercise, and the difference between groups with Wilcox signed rank test, and the group-specific post verification was carried out with U-validated methods (Mann Whitney U test). Statistical significance level was verified by setting the p<.05. Lower body endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, balance and coordination significantly increased in the experimental group. The control group was no significant increase in physical fitness variables. shoulder slope angle, pelvic slope angle(coronal/sagittal), leg length difference, scapular inferior angle and left/right calcaneus angle significantly decreased in the experimental group. Both the experimental group and control group were no significant increase in fall prevention self efficacy. The prevention of falling exercise program for elderly women indicated the positive changes in physical fitness(except grip strength) and posture(except upper body slope). However, there are no significant differences of falling prevention self-efficacy between the both group. Thus, the prevention of falling exercise program for the elderly has been proved that it is highly efficient on improving physical fitness and posture proofreading. However, we still need to consider supplement exercise for grip strength and upper body slope.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.704-714
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• 2008

Purpose: This study explored the feasibility of a 12 week self-efficacy based exercise intervention for overweight and obese college students. Method: A repeated measure, 4-group randomized controlled design was used. Students were recruited from two universities. in Seoul. Korea using: (1) flyers either on the campus bulletin boards or in campus restrooms: (2) advertisement on campus e-board: and (3) self-referral. Inclusion criteria were: (1) Korean college students aged 18 to 29: (2) BMI >23: (3) viscerally obese: and (4) accessible to a phone and a computer. Participants completed three self-reported questionnaires: socio-demographic questionnaire (at the baseline), Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week), and Physical Fitness sub-subscale (at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week). Additionally. physiological data (height, weight, blood pressure) were collected at the baseline and $12^{th}$ week. Descriptive statistics and a two-way mixed ANOVA were performed using SPSS12.0. Results: No significant group difference was observed. However. students with increased exercise self-efficacy during the program showed better physical fitness in the $12^{th}$ week. When students' physical fitness was enhanced. the physiological factors were improved. Conclusions: Self-efficacy based exercise intervention may be applicable and acceptable to the college students. It is necessary to conduct a replicated study with a larger sample and an elongated intervention period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of aerobic exercise and combination exercise on physical fitness, body composition, and depression and to observe the relationship between obesity and depression. METHODS: A total of 40 obese people were divided into an aerobic exercise group ($n_1$=20) and a combination exercise group ($n_2$=20) that was performed swiss ball exercise and aerobic exercise. Each group exercised three times per week for eight weeks. Outcome measures were basic physical fitness, body composition, and depression. RESULTS: After completion of the exercise, there was a significant difference in overall physical fitness factors of percentage body fat (%body fat), strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance in the combination exercise group (p<.05). Strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance were more improved in the combination exercise group than aerobic exercise group (p<.05). However, changes of %body fat and psychological factor between the two groups were not significant. CONCLUSION: Combination exercise program has an effect on the solution of obesity in physical development and strength. Therefore, it seems to that use with better perform both aerobic exercise and Swiss ball exercise. In addition, the Swiss ball exercise, which is an easy, convenient and economical self-exercise that can be done at home, is recommended due to its positive effects on physical establishment and fitness.