• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1491-1498
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• 2004

Purpose. This study was conducted to compare the paternal rearing behavior and rearing stress level between fathers with a preschooler and fathers with school children so that it can be utilized as a basic source for developing parental rearing education programs. Methods. A descriptive comparative methods was conducted to identify the paternal rearing behavior and paternal rearing stress. Respondents were 361 fathers who had either preschoolers (n=189) or children of elementary age (n=l72). Results. Comparing the two group's means, the rearing activity score and rearing stress there were significant differences. In the school children's group's father, 'outdoor activity' and 'guidance on discipline activity' were significantly higher than the other group. In the preschool children's fathers group, 'play interaction activity' was statistically significant higher than the other, and the child-part mean score of paternal rearing stress was significantly higher than the other group. The correlation between paternal rearing behavior and paternal rearing stress, it can be shown that more paternal rearing behavior means less paternal rearing stress. Conclusion. These results of this study will help design rearing program for fathers that have either preschool children or school children by providing the basic data for paternal rearing behaviors and paternal rearing stress.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 1972

This investigation was carried out to find the effects of silkworm rearing technique on the harvesting amounts. In spring and autumn of 1971, 14 silkworm rearing farmers at Botong Ri and Youngsoo Ri, Chongnam Myun, Hwaseung Kun, Kyunggi Do in Korea were selected as sample farmers. They were devided into two groups, high productivity group and low productivity group according to their harvesting amounts per box of silkworm eggs in 1970. The high productivity group represents the farmer who produced above average harvesting amounts per box, and the low group represents below average group. In this investigation, all farmers were adjusted to share uniform rearing condition with even mulberry leaves. Under this uniform condition, the effects of rearing techniques on the harvesting amounts per box of silkworm eggs and the effects of rearing condition on the harvesting amounts were inferred. Results obtained are as fellows; (1) Measuring from the 14 sample farmers, the effect of rearing technique on the harvesting amounts per box covers 15% of farmers in spring rearing season but 33% in autumn season. (2) Measuring from these sample farmers, the effects of the nutrition condition is less than 56% in spring rearing season but less than 69% in autumn, and it can be concluded that these effects include the effect of climate factor. (3) In the low productivity group. the most important facto. affecting the low productivity is non-disinfection of rearing environment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.417-442
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• 2009

This study investigated whether there are differences in father's involvement in child-rearing and role performance and on mother's parenting stress after fathers' participating in the father's program at kindergarten. Subjects were parents of children enrolled in H kindergarten, 38 fathers (18 experimental group, 20 control groups) and 38 mothers (wives of the experimental and control group fathers). Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and t-test on the pre-score and post-score. Findings were that : father's participant program at kindergarten affected father's involvement in child-rearing and role performance, and mother's parenting stress reduction : the experimental group father's involvement in child-rearing and role performance was improved more than the control group. Experimental group mothers' parenting stress than that of the control group.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2006

Objectives: To evaluate the effect on education for child rearing using child-growth developmental screening program that hat had been developed by the maternal-child health services team in a public health center, Busan area, the rates of practicing proper child rearing between educated group and non-educated group were compared. Methods: Subjects were 596 mothers whose children were between 2 and 15 months old and who had visited two public health centers in Busan area for vaccination. Subjects checked the items that they are practicing for child rearing, the rates of items properly be practiced were compared between educated group and non-educated group by chi-square test. The effect of education in 2, 4, 6, 12 months old were observed in 4, 6, 12, 15 months old, respectively. Results: The percentages of the items that practice rate of proper child rearing was over 50% were not different by monthly age. In 4 months age, the proper practice rates of three items among eleven items were significantly higher in the educated group than in non-educated group. In 6 and 12 months age, those of two items and one item among fourteen items were higher respectively in the educated group than in non-educated group. In 15 months age, there was no item among thirteen that is different between two groups. Conclusions: As monthly ages are increasing, the practice rates of proper child rearing were decreased. In a few items, the practice rates of proper child rearing were higher in the educated group than in non-educated group. It suggests that the program that increase the effect on education of child rearing was developed and performed in public health centers.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2022

This study investigated carnival behavior in the nursery stage of Fenneropenaeus chinensis. In order to suppress the carnival behavior and improve the survival rate, it was examined whether there was a carnivalism inhibitory effect according to the rearing water of shrimp. In addition, their blood physiological changes were observed. As a result, in the experimental group with the size difference of F. chinensis, the survival rate was the highest in the biofloc technology (BFT) rearing water of olive flounder (75%), and in the experimental group without the size difference, the survival rate was the highest in the seawater experiment group (93%). In both experimental groups, rate of carnival behavior was observed to be low in the fed experimental group regardless of the size difference of F. chinensis. As a result of blood cell analysis of F. chinensis according to the rearing water, the percentage of granulocytes was the highest in the BFT rearing water of flounder (75%) and the lowest in the filtered seawater group (66%). The proportion of semi-granulocytes was the highest at 11% in the shrimp BFT rearing water, and the lowest at 7% in the filtered seawater. The proportion of hyalinocytes was highest in filtered seawater (27%) and lowest in flounder BFT rearing water (16%). These results suggest that carnival behavior and blood composition of F. chinensis may be different depending on the conditions of the rearing water in the nursery stage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2004

This study evaluated the impact of an AI heifer calf rearing scheme on dairy stock development, in a coconut grazing and a peri-urban smallholder dairy production system in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. The heifer rearing scheme included free advice on calf rearing, drugs, acaricides, minerals and subsidised concentrates for 30 months. The farmers in the coconut growing area integrate dairying with their plantation, they sell their milk to the main processors. The peri-urban farmers are intensive milk producers, who sell their milk at informal markets. To estimate the effect of the heifer rearing scheme on dairy replacement stock development, scheme farmers were compared with farmers who did not participate in the scheme. Calf mortality was twice as high in non-scheme farms (23-28%) as in scheme farms (12-14%). The scheme had a positive effect on weight development and scheme heifers calved 4.5 months earlier than non-scheme heifers. The calf rearing package is cost effective in both farming systems, however, the required cash inputs are a major constraint. The costs per in-calf heifer under the scheme are much lower than the production of such animals by either multiplication in state farms or importing them. The coconut grazing system showed the highest potential for producing surplus dairy stock.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program on the positive changes of mothers with young children who come from low-income families. It measures their child-rearing efficacy and their child-rearing behaviors. The Seesaw & Swing early intervention program was developed by the Community Chest of Korea [13]. The subjects for this study consisted of 96 mothers (49 in the service group, 47 in the control group) from low-income families. The instruments used were the child-rearing efficacy scale [4] and the child-rearing behavior scale [29]. The results of this study indicated that the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program produced positive effects in child-rearing efficacy as well as in child-rearing behaviors: namely, healthy-rearing abilities, guidance abilities, and discipline abilities in child-rearing efficacy; and affection, rational guidance, authoritative control, encouragement and concern in child-rearing behaviors. In conclusion, for mothers with young children coming from low-income families, the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program can be said to be an effective parent education program, which goes some way towards ending the intergenerational transition of poverty in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.381-391
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the maternal child rearing behavior, sibling relationship, and children's social adjustment in group home and original home. Subjects of this study were 159 mothers and their children in Seoul and Gyounggi-do. Mothers responded to 'Korean Maternal Behavior Inventory', 'Sibling Relationship Questionnaire' and 'Social Maturity Scale'. The collected data were analyzed by ANCOVA, Pearson's partial correlation, factor analysis, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for internal consistency by SPSS PC program(10.0 version). The results were as follows; first, there was a significant difference in maternal rearing behavior between group home and original home. Original home mothers showed higher scores in reasoning guidance, affect, authoritarian control, achievement, overprotection, active involvement, and limit setting. Second, there was a significant difference in sibling relationship among two different homes. Sibling relationship in original home was more worm, intimate, and competitive. Third, there was no significant difference in social adjustment in those homes. Finally, there were different correlations among those homes. In original home, there were significant correlations between maternal rearing behavior and children's social adjustment, but there were no significant correlations between those variables.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.796-804
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• 2009

Purpose: This quasi-experimental study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of an early nursing intervention program to support mothers of children aged 0-3 yr living in poverty. Methods: In this study, mothers who received financial support from the government were recruited from one city and assigned to an intervention group (24) and comparison group (18). They completed a baseline questionnaire about depression, child rearing burden, agreement on physical punishment, and child temperament. Also, Denver II screening of the children was performed by the researcher. Mothers in the intervention group received a home visit intervention every two weeks for three months. At 3-months post-baseline, questionnaire and Denver II screening were reused to compare these two groups. Results: Mother's depression, child rearing burden, agreement on physical punishment, and child temperament were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the percentage of depression declined only in the intervention group. Mothers in the intervention group showed higher Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scores than mothers in the comparison group. Conclusion: The findings of the study show that this nursing intervention is an effective parenting program. The early nursing program for mothers with infant and toddlers in poverty is effective in promoting HOME, the child rearing home environment.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.76-83
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the mother's rearing attitude and communication between mobile phone addiction group and non-addiction group in middle school students. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed with 574 students from 3 middle schools (1 boy school, 1 girl school, 1 coeducation school) at G-city in Gangwon Province. The data was collected from the 10th to 24th of July in 2010. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out by means, frequencies, chi-square, t-test and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in mobile phone addiction group and non-addiction group in regard to sex, school year, grades, mother' age, purpose of mobile phone use, activity after school, phone bill per month. Also There were significant differences in mother's rearing attitude and mother's communication between two groups. Conclusion: Mobile phone addiction among students is not serious, however, possibility of becoming an addict still remains. This study suggests that we have to educate them about proper mobile phone use in advance to prevent them from becoming a mobile phone addict in early stage. Therefore, we need to develop an educational program to prevent mobile phone addiction.