• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2017

Background: The method of measuring the walking function of patients with chronic stroke differs depending on patients walking capability and environmental conditions. Objects: This study aimed to demonstrate the influences of walking capacity and environmental conditions on the results of short- and long-distance walk tests in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Forty patients with chronic stroke volunteered for this study, and allocated to group-1 (<.4m/s, household walking, $n_1=13$), group-2 (.4~.8m/s, limited community ambulation, $n_2=16$), and group-3 (>.8m/s, community ambulation, $n_3=11$) according to their walking capacity. The 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and 6-min walk tests, (6MWT) were used to compare the short- and long-distance walk tests results, which were randomly performed under indoor and outdoor environmental conditions. Results: The comparison of the results obtained under the indoor and outdoor conditions revealed statistically significant differences between the groups in the 6MWT and 10MWT (p<.05). Post-hoc tests' results showed significant differences between groups-1 and -2 and between groups-1 and -3 in the 10MWT, and between group-1 and -3 in the 6MWT. Furthermore, in group-2 the 10MWT and 6MWT results significantly differed between the indoor and outdoor conditions, and the values measured under the indoor and outdoor conditions significantly differed between 10MWT and 6MWT (p<.05). Group-3 showed a significant difference in 10MWT results between the indoor and outdoor conditions (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the results of the short- and long-distance walk tests may differ depending on the walking capacity of patients with chronic stroke and the environmental condition under which the measurement is made, and these effects were greatest for the patients with the limited community ambulation capacity.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a group walking exercise on body composition, blood lipid profiles and psychological factors. Also this study was to examine the satisfaction of walking exercise and characteristics of the exercise behavior among participants. Method: The subjects, aged 30 to 77 years, were 138 participants in a 24-week, group walking exercise. A walking exercise protocol and education was given to the participants, which was to do walking over three times a week and over thirty minutes each time. We compared the participants' body composition (BMI, PBF, BFM, FFM, WHR and VFA), blood lipid profiles (HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride), exercise self-efficacy and quality of life before and after group walking excercise. Collected data were analyzed through paired t-test using the SAS program. Results: Mean walking frequency was 11.4 times per month and mean walking time was 71.5 min. BMI, PBF, BFM, WHR, and VFA were significantly decreased. FFM increased significantly (p=.0002). There were significant decreased in TC, LDL-C and TG.. Exercise self-efficacy did not increase significantly, but quality of life increased significantly(p=.0088). Conclusion: Community-Based 24 weeks group walking exercise program had positive effects on body composition, blood lipids and quality of life.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.2199-2205
• /
• 2012

본 논문은 속도변화에 따른 후방보행 훈련이 하지의 넙다리 근육에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것으로 30명의 대상자를 무작위로 세 집단; 실험군I(전방보행 5km/h: 10명), 실험군II(후방보행 5km/h: 10명), 실험군III(후방보행 2.5km/h: 10명)으로 나누어 실험하였다. 실험은 4주간 주 4회 30분씩 실시하였으며 실험 전과 실험 4주 후에 각 실험군의 넙다리곧은근의 활성도와 넙다리네갈래근의 근력을 측정하였다. 연구의 결과 넙다리곧은근의 활성도는 전방 보행 군보다 후방보행 군에서 더 의미 있는 변화를 보였으며 실험군III보다 실험군II에서 더 의미 있는 변화를 나타냈다. 넙다리네갈래근의 근력 또한 전방보행 군보다 후방보행 군에서 더 의미 있는 변화를 보였으며 실험군III보다 실험군II에서 더 의미 있는 변화를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과에 따라 후방보행이 전방보행에 비해 넙다리 근육의 근 활성도와 근력에 보다 효과적이라고 할 수 있으며 초기 재활에서 느린 속도의 후방보행이 효과적으로 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.54-62
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of using aid in enhancing walking ability inpatients with spinal cord injury who have received rehabilitative care. The study population consisted of 24 spinal cord injury patients referred to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in the National Rehabilitation Center (NRC). All subjects were ambulatory with or without an assistive devices. All of the participants were assessed on SCIM II, WISCI II, FIM, MBI, gait speed (m/s), and walking endurance (120 min/m). The data were analyzed using a paired t-test, a one-way ANOVA, and a Duncan test. The results revealed that TSCIM II and all of the items of SCIM II of the cervical ASIA D group patients were higher than those of the Thoracic ASIA A and C group patients (p<.05). The FIM, MBI, and WISCI II of the cervical ASIA D group patients were higher than those of the Thoracic ASIA C group patients (p>.05). The walking velocities of the lumbar ASIA C group patients were higher than those of Thoracic ASIA A group patients (p<.05). The walking endurance of the lumbar ASIA C group patients was higher than that of the thoracic ASIA C group patients (p<.05). The ASIA D group patients used bilateral standard canes or crutches, but none used AFO. The ASIA A and C group patients used bilateral standard walkers with KAFO for standing and walking. The findings suggest that injury level as well as the functionality of walking aids should be considered when formulating a rehabilitative plan for patients with spinal cord injury.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of side walking on balance confidence, falls efficacy and fall risk in acute stroke patients. Methods: The study included 14 patients with acute stroke who were randomly allocated to a side walking group (Experimental group, N=7) and a forward walking group (Control group, N=7). Both groups performed the exercise 5 times a week for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Korean-Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (K-ABC), Korean-Fall Efficacy Scale (K-FES), Korean-Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (K-FAB). Results: After 2 weeks of training, both groups showed significantly improved ABC, FES, FAB (p<.05 in both groups). However, the ABC, FES, FAB in the experimental group was significantly better than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that side walking training may be effective at improving balance confidence and decreasing fall down risk in early stroke patients. Therefore, side walking training may be recommended as an intervention in reducing the incidence of falls in acute stroke patient.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of dual-task training according to the variability of the walking environment on balance, gait, and function in patients with stroke. Methods : Twenty-five patients with stroke were randomly assigned to experimental group I (n=12) and experimental group II (n=13). Experimental group I and II performed obstacle and non-obstacle walking training, respectively, along with cognitive tasks for 21 minutes per session, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Both groups received additional general physical therapy for 30 minutes per session. The functional reach test (FRT), gait analyzer (G-Walk), and functional independence measure (FIM) were used to evaluate balance, gait and function of pre- and post-interventions, respectively, while gait cadence, gait velocity, and stride length were evaluated using a gait analyzer. Results : In the within-group comparison of FRT, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of gait cadence, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of gait velocity, all the two groups showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05). In within-group comparison of stride length, experimental group I showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05), while experimental group II did not show significant post-intervention improvements (p>.05). In within-group comparison of FIM scores, experimental group I showed significant post-intervention improvements (p<.05), while experimental group II did not show significant post-intervention improvements (p>.05). There was a significant difference in the change of FIM scores pre- and post-intervention (p<.05) in the between-group comparison. Conclusion : The results of this study show that dual-task training with cognitive tasks and walking training can improve the balance, gait and function of patients with stroke, and obstacle walking training is effective for improving functions including activities of daily living compared to non-obstacle walking training.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of Nordic walking on depression and the physical function of elderly patients with a high risk of depression. METHODS: This study was a blinded randomized allocation study; 32 elderly were assigned to a Nordic walking group (n = 17), consisting of 60 min Nordic walking (including warming up 5 min, warming down 5 min, and Nordic walking 50 min) two days per week for 12 weeks and general leisure group (n = 15), consisting of 60 min leisure program community center. The pre and post 12-week program, depression test, muscle strength (including grip test, and 30sec sit to stand), and balance (including Functional Reach test, and One Leg Standing test) were measured. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare within the group, and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare between the groups. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, only the Nordic walking group showed significant improvement in depression, muscle strength, and balance (p < .05). In the general leisure group, however, the left grip strength and Functional Reach Test (FRT) showed a significant decrease. The Nordic walking program was better than the general leisure group, and a significant difference was observed in depression, muscle strength, and balance between the two groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Nordic walking was effective for the elderly with a high risk of depression. Therefore, Nordic walking may be an option for preventing elderly mental disorders and functional improvement.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of present study was to determine effects of a task-oriented circuit training(TOCT) for lower limb on walking ability after stroke. Methods : Twenty one chronic stroke patients participated. Participants were randomly divided into either TOCT group or control group(11 experimental, 10 control). All of participants were in-patients at local rehabilitation centre and had been receiving a traditional rehabilitation program, five days a week. TOCT group have additionally undergone for four weeks, three days a week, the TOCT program but control group was not received any additional program except the traditional rehabilitation program. The 10 m walking test (10MWT), the 2 min walking test (2MWT), the step test (ST) and the figure-8 walking test (F8WT) to measure a walking ability were carried out twice before and after training. Results : After participation in the program, subjects of TOCT demonstrated a significant improvement in the scores of the 10MWT, 2MWT, the ST, the F8WT. The control group had no change on the any tests. After the training, the results to improve significantly in TOCT group compared to post-test of control group were the time of 10MWT and the time and the step of curved walking of F8WT. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the TOCT program may become a useful strategy for enhancing walking ability in the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanical characteristics of lower extremity joint movements at different walking speeds in obese people and suggest the very suitable exercise for obese person's own body weight and basic data for clinical application leading to medical treatment of obesity. This experimental subjects are all males between the ages of 20 and 30, who are classified into two groups according to Body Mass Index(BMI): one group is 15 people with normal body weight and the other 15 obese people. Walking speed is analysed at 3 different speeds ($1.5^m/s$, $1.8^m/s$, $2.1^m/s$) which is increased by $0.3^m/s$ from the standard speed of $1.5^m/s$. We calculated joint moments of lower extremity during stance phase through video recording and platform force measurement.Two-way ANOVA(Analysis of Variance, Mix) is applied to get the difference of moments according to walking speeds between normal and obese groups. Pearson's Correlation Analysis is applied to look into correlation between walking speeds and joint moments in both groups. Significance level of each experiment is set as ${\alpha}=.05$. As walking speed increases maximum ankle plantar flexion moment in the stance phase is smaller in obese group than in normal group, which is suggestive of weak toe push-off during terminal stance in obese group, and the highest maximum ankle plantar flexion moment in obese group during the middle speed walking($1.8^m/s.$). Maximum ankle dorsal flexion moment in obese group is relatively higher than in normal group and this is regarded as a kind of compensatory mechanism to decrease the impact on ankle when heel contacts the floor. Maximum knee flexion and extension moments are both higher in normal group with an increase tendency proportional to walking speed and maximum hip flexion and extension moments higher in obese group. In summary, maximum ankle plantar flexion moment between groups(p<.025), maximum knee moment not in flexion but in extension(p<.001) within each group according to increasing walking speed, and maximum hip flexion and extension moment(p<.001 and p<.004, respectively according to increasing walking speed are statistically significant but knee and hip moments between groups are not. Pearson correlation are different: high correlation coefficients in maximum knee flexion and extension moments, in maximum hip extension moment but not hip flexion, and in maximum ankle dorsal flexion moment but not ankle plantar flexion, in each group. We suspect that equilibrium imbalance develops when the subject increases walking speed and the time is around which he takes his foot off the floor.

• 산업융합연구
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 2023

본 연구는 중년여성의 걷기와 비걷기에 따른 우울증상 영향요인을 파악하고자 진행하였다. 2022년 지역사회건강조사에 참여한 40-64세의 여성 56,007명을 대상으로 복합표본 통계분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과, 중년여성의 걷기정도는 48.9%이었고 51.1%는 걷기를 하지 않았다. 비걷기군은 걷기군에 비해 40-49세, 고등학교 이하 졸업, 비취업자, 기초생활수급자가 많았다. 비걷기군은 7시간 이상의 수면, 높은 스트레스 인지, 우울 증상이 걷기군보다 높았으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 우울증상 영향요인은 걷기군과 비걷기군 모두 7시간 미만의 수면과 높은 스트레스로 확인되었고 그 영향 정도가 걷기군이 비걷기군보다 높아 원인규명을 위한 후속연구가 필요하다. 이상의 결과, 중년여성의 스트레스와 우울 증상은 걷기를 통해 감소시킬 수 있음을 확인하였고 중년여성이 자신에게 적합한 걷기운동을 지속적으로 실천한다면 걷기 비율을 향상시키고 스트레스 완화와 우울 증상 개선에 기여할 것이다.