• 아동학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.103-119
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• 2002

In this investigation of the effectiveness of the Project Approach Method the 32 4-to 5-year-old subjects (16 each in the experimental and comparative groups) were pre-tested before the Project Approach Method was applied (23 times over 7 weeks) in the experimental group while the comparative group had science activities using standard unit methods of instruction. Then, all the children had a posr-test. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANCOVA. Results showed differences between the experimental group and the comparative group in their scientific problem solving ability. Specifically, effects were found on 14 sub-factors, but no difference were found on 3 sub-factors.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.753-762
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• 2015

As the computer graphic technology has developed rapidly, the management of visual effects production has also changed. However, the insufficient rest and the inefficiency of communication have resulted in more pressure which would weaken the strength of the whole team. For searching the possible solution, this research has applied the SCRUM in VFX production and analyzed the impact of SCRUM for VFX project management. SCRUM was first used in the projects of software development, but now there are already many successful examples of introducing SCRUM into their facilities in various fields. This paper has used SCRUM in the experimental group and present methodology in VFX project management in the control group for the same project. Based on the analysis of the questionnaire investigation from both group with using t-test for data analysis, it has confirmed the credibility of the questions in the questionnaire index as α > 0.72. With the result of analysis based on the corresponding samples of the t-test, it shows the diversity of SCRUM for project management, and the convenience of communication within the team can enhance the team strength. Follow-up research will attend to provide more suggestions for applying SCRUM in other areas in project management.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.66-78
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the actual condition of the innovative sharing university project. To this end, a focus group interview was conducted by selecting officials participating in the innovative sharing university project as study participants. The collected data was analyzed using the content analysis method. The results of the study are as follows. First, in terms of the promotion system and operation dimension of project group, study participants presented difficulties and improvements in terms of the national promotion system and university-level project operation. Second, in terms of curriculum management dimension, study participants presented difficulties and improvements in content development and sharing, engagement support for professors and students participation, and securing and sharing educational infrastructure. Third, in terms of management of project performance indicators, study participants presented difficulties and improvements in managing core performance indicators, managing autonomy performance indicators, and sharing project performance. Based on these study results, suggestions for the use of research results were presented.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.57-76
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• 2005

This study provides a rationale for using project-based learning with Korean students of English in Korea; in addition, it describes the process of creating and implementing project-based learning in the classroom and gives examples of how this unique teaching and learning method has been used successfully to teach learners with different levels of English proficiency. The first two chapters of the study examine the nature of project-based learning by comparing it with related fields of study, such as language teaching syllabi and methods, cognitive psychology, constructivists' views and interaction theory. The latter part of the study deals with issues related to applying project-based learning in Korean English classes. It emphasizes the importance not only of motivating active group effort and participation, but also in creating a trusting, cooperative relationship between group members in order to have a successful accomplishment of a project. The study concludes with implications for future studies.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.662-671
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• 2007

Since variety of construction projects with their individual specifications could be handled through different procurement systems, selection of the most appropriate project delivery system is a vital step towards more efficient project execution. The appropriate selection of project delivery system may also ensure more competent management of the project. Its impacts are not only limited to the first stages of the project, as it could also influence pre-construction, construction and operational phases of the project. Among different approaches exerted for this purpose, none has taken uncertainty into account, despite the fact that during first stages of the project most of the selection factors are still uncertain and not clearly defined. This paper, hence, aims to provide a fuzzy insight into the project delivery system selection. Through this approach more tangible model of the evaluation process may be presented. Proposed fuzzy method is indeed a multi criteria decision making model, based on the group of criteria, assigned for the evaluation procedure. A case study is also conducted, based on the opinion of an invented group of the experts.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.238-244
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• 2022

Civil projects are associated with many uncertainties because they involve a long duration, many resources, a large area, and many supply chains. Therefore, the price of a civil project is not simply proportional to the quantity and unit price of the item but has a variable value, including uncertainty risk. This study investigates the influence of the uncertainty factors in the pre-bid clarification document on bid price formation during the project bidding phase. To this end, civil projects from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) were used as research data. This study randomly selected fifty sample data from each of twelve counties from 2008-to 2020: six hundred. The authors observed that each project sample had 0 to n query cases due to uncertainty. Then, this study examined the project uncertainty cases and categorized them into the following four uncertainty factors: 'conflict' (UF1), 'impossibility' (UF2), 'lack' (UF3), and 'missing' (UF4). Under the extracting process, the cases are classified into four uncertainty factors. With the project not containing any uncertainty factors as a control group, the project containing these uncertainty factors was designated as an experimental group. After comparing the bidder's price, the experimental group's bid price was higher than the control group's. This result suggests that uncertainty factors in bid documents induce bidders to set a high bid price as a defense against uncertainty.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.215-229
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• 2004

Objective : We had a clinical report in headache but didn't in migraine. We have planned this study in order to get the basic data of migraine in oriental medicine. Methods : The patient of 36 in migraine checked sex, age, onset, family history, severity of pain, influences of life, induced cause, clinical pain characteristics, associated symptom, treatment style, and prescription, frequency, using period of analgesics by a questionnaire and differentiated syndromes in migraine and evaluated autonomic bioelectric response recorder(ABR-2000). Results : There are 23.4% in prevalence rate of migraine. The ratio of sex is M:F=1:17. The age of an attack is the highest in thirties. The patient are the most in forties. The mean duration of illness is $12.0{\pm}9.9$ years. 83.4% had a family history. 61.1% had a moderate grade in severity of pain. 77.8% selected fatigue in induced cause of migraine. 69.4% had tingling sense, nausea and vomiting in the associated symptoms. 91.7% used analgesics for treatment and 51.5% of them used analgesics voluntarily. 61.9% of them take analgesics less than once in a week. 33.6% had the phlegm syncope headache in differentiation of syndrome. In ABR-2000 results, item of graph showed low tendency mostly. Conclusions : We expected that this report of clinical progress, differentiation of syndromes and ABR-2000 results in migraine would be used basic data by oriental medicine to treat migraine.

• 한국보육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-50
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• 2017

본 연구는 다문화 시대를 살아가는 유아들에게 필요한 타인종과 타문화에 대한 바른 이해와 수용에 기초한 배려적 사고 형성의 중요성을 근거로, 세계여러나라 프로젝트 활동이 유아의 다문화 수용성과 배려적 사고에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 경기도 Y시에 소재한 A어린이집의 만5세 유아 35명이며, 세계여러나라 프로젝트 활동을 경험하는 실험집단과 누리과정의 생활주제로 운영하는 통제집단으로 구성하여 실시하였다. 연구결과 세계여러나라 프로젝트 활동을 실시한 실험집단의 유아가 생활주제로 수업한 통제집단의 유아보다 다문화 수용성의 하위영역 중 다문화 개방성과 다문화 관계형성 능력에서 높은 점수를 나타냈으며, 배려적 사고에 있어서도 점수가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 세계여러나라 프로젝트 활동은 유아의 다문화 수용성과 배려적 사고에 긍정적인 효과를 나타낸다고 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2006

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment and western medical treatment on frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 39 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to the Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22) and the Western treatment group(W group, n=17). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. Both groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment using Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The E group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 5.67 on a scale of 10. The W group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 7.73. But the difference between the two groups were insignificant according to CSA and SPADI. Conclusion : Both acupuncture and nerve block treatment significantly improved frozen shoulder. But the difference of the two treatments was insignificant.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2019

식스시그마는 시장과 고객의 패러다임과 트렌드의 변화에 맞추어 모든 사업의 프로세스와 전략을 개선하는 경영 혁신운동이다. 식스시그마 프로젝트 선정에 관한 기존의 연구는 있으나 불완전한 정보환경 하에서 프로젝트 선정을 위한 연구는 거의 없다. 본 연구의 목적은 불완전한 정보 하에서 올바른 프로젝트 선정을 위해 통합 MCDM 기법을 적용 방법을 제안하는 것이다. 식스시그마 프로젝트 선정을 위해 4단계인 1) 평가기준 간 가중치 결정 2) 팀 멤버 간 전문역량의 상대적 중요도 결정 3) 프로젝트 선호도 척도 산정 4) 최종 프로젝트 우선순위 결정 등을 위해 그룹 Fuzzy AHP, 불완전한 정보환경 하에서의 비퍼지화 TrFN 변환, GRA의 통합기법을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 식스시그마 프로젝트 선정단계의 적용방안에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 수치예가 제시되었다.