• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.346-353
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• 2015

The purpose of this study the following changes in the body composition and obesity-stress on the aerobic exercise and combined exercise and that Obesity Management Exercise Program was conducted to serve as the basis when developing materials. Obesity female college student 40 people were classified that Aerobic exercise group(20 patients) and combined exercise group(20 patients). Every time 60 minutes, three times a week, a total of eight weeks each exercise program after each underwent an exercise program compared body composition and stress. Research result, body fat is aerobic exercise group and combined exercise group was statistically decrease, Obesity Stress is founded that a significantly reduction in the combined exercise group. Therefore Obesity Management Exercise Program during development in considering the combined exercise group Obesity Stress is thought to be more suitable.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2001

We conducted this study to analyze the effectiveness of a treatment called 12-week therapeutic recreation dance movement (TRDM) to elderly people in terms of health care and recovery. Forty two elderly people were participated in this study and divided into two groups with healthy (twelve) and unhealthy (thirty). After TRDM treatment, the muscular power was increased in both groups without statistical significance within and between groups. The flexibility, agility and balance were slightly increased in both groups. Although the elevation of muscular endurance was not significant between groups, it was statistically meaningful within groups. The results of body composition comparison did not reveal meaningful difference within and between groups. However, the amount of fat in serum and fat distribution percentages ware decreased in both groups. Both group appeared to be increased muscle mass. The level of body water was decreased in healthy group and increased in unhealthy group. Unhealthy group appeared to be decreased level of T-C, TG and LDL-C. In contrast, the unhealthy group revealed the increased level of HDL-C. These results demonstrate the effect of TRDM to elderly people. This effectiveness can be adapted for the protection and treatment of geriatics-related adult diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of walking exercise training on body composition and physical fitness in middle aged women. Method: The subjects were randomly assigned into an obese walking exercise training group (n=21), a non-obese walking exercise training group (n=9), or a control group (n=10). The women in the treatment groups were then subjected to brisk walking at 50~70% of maximum heart rate twice a week for 12 weeks. The results were then analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 for windows. Results: Body weight, BMI, % body fat, and WC were not significantly improved in the obese walking exercise training group and the non-obese walking exercise training group. However, muscular flexibility and muscular endurance were significantly improved in each of these groups (p<.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that 12 weeks of walking exercise training enhanced physical fitness. However, the treatment in this study did not improve the body composition of middle aged women.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.96-96
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• 1995

It was recognized that lead intoxication reduces thiamine content in the brain of rat and this change produces the alterations of thiamine-related biochemical reactions. In the present study, it was tested whether the changes of myelin composition as well as seizure threshold induced by lead intoxication in rats may be related to these changes of thiamine status and thiamine related biochemical factors. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control group, Lead-treated group, Lead plus Thiamine-treated group, Thiamine-deficient group, Pyrithiamine-treated group. Each group was divided into three subgroups: 3, 7 and 16 week old group. Myelin protein and phospholipid, one of the compositions of myelin lipid, were measured in the myelin isolated from rat brain. Threshold of electric shock seizure was tested in each group. The amount of each myelin composition in lead-treated group and thiamine-deficient group was significantly lower than those of all the brains in control group, but recovery by supplementation with thiamine during lead intoxication was occurred only in the cerebellum of 3 week old animal. Thresholds of the electric shock seizure of lead treated group and thiamine deficient group in 3 and 7 week old rats were significantly lower than those of control group, while those of lead plus thiamine treated group were similar to those of control group.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 12 week walking program on the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in older people in rural areas. Method: A total of 31 people among the people who live within the area served by E County Community Health Practice were observed from December 5, 2006 to February 23, 2007. This group included 18 people who were identified as having metabolic syndrome on the basis of the Asia-Pacific fatness basic standard (the experimental group) and a control group of 13 people who did not have metabolic syndrome. Results: The results of the study are as follows: In the experimental group, there was no significant difference in body composition between pre and post measurement. The small change in values that were observed in the experimental group did not reach statistical significance. However, body composition values in the control group increased. In the experimental group, there were significant differences in waist circumference, blood pressure, HDL-C, and fasting blood sugar between pre and post measurement. But there were no changes in the control group. There was no difference in TG in either group. As to changes in risk-factors related metabolic syndrome after the 12 week walking program, the number of risk-factors were effectively reduced in the experimental group, but not in the control group. Conclusion: According to the present study, a 12 week walking program led to significant improvement in body weight, BMI as the factors composing the body and in waist circumference, HDL-C, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar as risk-factors related to metabolic syndrome in older people in rural areas.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.323-337
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• 2020

To achieve effective learning, knowledge must be shared and developed through interaction with peer learners. Therefore, science education emphasizes small group inquiry activities that solves tasks through the interaction of members. The effect of small group inquiry activities depends on how to compose small groups. The way in which a group is composed is a very important factor for improving interaction. In particular, it has been reported that the gender of peer is a very important factor in the interaction between students in the composition of small groups. Meanwhile, studies are being conducted on the types and stability of verbal interactions in small group inquiry activities using social network analysis. The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and stability of verbal interaction types and stability according to gender-grouping in elementary school students' small group activities using social network analysis. To this end, 60 5th graders in elementary school were conducted with different gender in the composition of the group of male, female and mixed-gender students. The study found that the composition of a group by gender had little impact on the type or stability of verbal interaction. However, the frequency of verbal interactions was higher in mixed-gender groups than in other groups. Through this process, the gender-grouping in elementary school students' small group activities suggests a mixed-gender group.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

This study examined the effect of the pine needle sap administration on serum lipid composition and liver antioxidant defense system in rats fed with high fat diet. Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups. three control groups were fed with 5% lipid diet and three high fat groups were fed with 30% lipid diet. Each group was administered with the following pine needle sap respectively : C-0.0, 1.ml water, C-0.5, 0.ml pine needle sap and 0.ml water C-1.0, 1.ml pine needle sap : H-0.0, 1.ml water, H-0.5, 0.ml pine needle sap and 0.ml water H-1.0, 1.0ml pinus needle sap. After 4 weeks of experimental periods the level of serum obtained and serum lipid was measured respectively. The results were as follows 1. Significant low level was observed for food intake, weight gain, FER in the experimental group administered with the pine needle sap. 2. No difference of the concentration of serum triglyceride was observed out the experimental group with 5% fat diet, however out of the experimental group with 30% fat diet it was low in (H-1.0) group where 1.0ml of the pine needle sap was administrated. 3. In the experimental group with 5% fat diet the concentration of serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was low, especially the hypocholesteromic effect in serum administered by the pine needle sap was significantly high in group C-1.0 where 1.0ml of pine needle sap was administered. In the high fat group provided with 30% fat when the pine needle sap was administered there was a tendency that concentration of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased however there was no difference significantly. 4. Serum GOT activity was relatively high in high fat diet group. However, when 1$m\ell$ of pine needle sap was administered the activity was lower than that of the control group in H-1.0 group and the activity level was similar with that of the high fat diet group in c-1.0 group. There was no difference of serum GPT activitives followed by the administered of pine needle sap among the experimental group. 5. Liver TBARS levels were high in general in high fat diet group, however it showed no difference when the pine needle sap with different concentration level was administered. The results of this study indicate that the pine needle sap administration was effective in decreasing the food intake and weight gain of the experimental animals in the high fat diet and also effective in decreasing the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and GOT activities. However it was not effective to change the level of TBARS and GSH -Px activities of liver. Thus, it was found that the pine needle sap administration was effective for the improvement of serum lipid composition condition of the experimental animals in the high fat diet group but it was not effective in the antioxidant defense system of liver.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and environmental enrichment on brain fatty acid composition and acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity, two groups of was fed isocaloric diets containing 10 or 12% dietary lipids for 7 weeks. A third group was fed 10% (w/w) dietary lipids with supplemented 2% DHA-rich fish oil. Each diet group was housed either in a stainless steel cage individually or in a large enriched cage with toys where 7 rats were kept together. The fatty acid composition of plasma and brain was significantly affected by dietary lipid composition but not by environmental enrichment. Fish oil supplementation significanlty decreased plasma levels of monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) and increased polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA). Fish oil supplemented groups also maintained lower plasma n-6 fatty acids and higher n-3 fatty acids levels than unsupplemented groups. The fish oil supplementation significantly decreased arachidonic acid and increased eicosapentaenic, docosapentaenoic acids, and DHA in brain fatty acid composition. In addition, brain DHA level in supplemented groups tended higher than the unsupplemented. Brain, AChE activity significantly increased by the environmental enrichment but not by the fish oil supplementation. These finding suggest that the 2% fish oil (0.57% DHA & 0.31% EPA, per diet weigth) supplementation is enough to accumulate n-3 fatty acids and to change the n-6 n-3 ratio in brain and environmental enrichment might promote the learning ability.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.220-233
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• 2017

Purpose: This study compared the body composition and health conservation of low and high physical activity groups in professional retired elderly. Methods: The participants were 132 professional retired elders using a university of education for the elderly and senior welfare centers in D and K city. Data were collected through interviews from November to December in 2015. The body composition was measured using an Inbody 230 and the health conservation was measured using Sung's (2005) Health Conservation Scale. The low and high physical activity groups were divided by CHAMPS (The Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors Questionnaire). The collected data were analyzed using a $x^2$ test, independentt-test, andbinary logistic regression using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The body composition (body mass index, body fat percentage, and fitness score) and health conservation score were higher in the high physical activity group than in the low physical activity group. The result shows that the body weight (OR=10.62) is the highest risk factor influencing the physical activity in professional career-retired elders. Conclusion: These results suggest that to induce physical activity level among professional retired elders, nursing interventions are needed to increase the health conservation and body composition, particularly in controlling the body weight.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.91-99
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• 2003

Effects of cheungho aqua-acupuncture at gansoo$(BL_{18})$ and illweul$(GB_{14})$ on plasma lipid composition were investigated in rat fed high fat diet. Body weight gain showed a tendency to decrease in aqua-acupuncture groups and in aqua-acupuncture groups, gansoo and illweul join aqua-acupuncture group showed a lower values than other aqua-acupuncture groups. Concentrations of plasma triglyceride, free fatty acids, lipoprotein and glucose showed a tendency to decreasea in the aqua-acupuncture groups. However in aqua-acupuncture groups, these values showed no significantly different. In plasma lipid composition, total cholesterol and LDL- cholesterol showed a tendency to decrease in aqua-acupuncture groups, however the values of LDL-cholesterol showed no significantly different in the aqua-acupuncture groups. HDL-cholesterol concentration showed a tendency to increase in aqua-acupuncture groups and in aqua-acupuncture groups, gansoo aqua-acupuncture group showed a high value.