• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.328-339
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• 2013

Background: Ischemic injury and the rejection process are the main reasons for graft failure in tracheal transplantation models. To enhance the acceptance, we investigated the influence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on tracheal allografts. Methods: Extracted tracheal grafts from New Zealand white rabbits were cryopreserved for 4 weeks and orthotopically transplanted (control group A, n=8). In group B (n=8), cyclosporin A (CsA, 10 mg/kg) was injected daily into the peritoneal cavity. In group C (n=8), MSCs ($1.0{\times}10^7$ cells/kg) from the same donor of the tracheal allograft, which had been pre-cultured for 4 weeks, were infused intravenously after transplantation. In group D (n=8), MSCs were infused and CsA was injected daily. Four weeks after transplantation, gross and histomorphological assessments were conducted for graft necrosis, measuring the cross-sectional area of the allograft, determining the degree of epithelization, lymphocytic infiltration, and vascular regeneration. Results: The morphologic integrity of the trachea was retained completely in all cases. The cross-sectional areas were decreased significantly in group A (p=0.018) and B (p=0.045). The degree of epithelization was enhanced (p=0.012) and the lymphocytic infiltration was decreased (p=0.048) significantly in group D compared to group A. The degree of vascular regeneration did not differ significantly in any of the groups. There were no significant correlations among epithelization, lymphocytic infiltration, and vascular regeneration. Conclusion: The administration of MSCs with concurrent injections of CsA enhanced and promoted epithelization and prevented lymphocytic infiltration in tracheal allografts, allowing for better acceptance of the allograft.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.466-475
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• 2010

This study intends to present a direction for the better reforming of fishers'onboard living conditions and proposals for preparing for ratification of the Work in Fishing Convention by means of making a comparison between standards on recent national fishing vessel accommodation facilities and standards on the Work in Fishing Convention and Its Recommendation, 2007, ILO. For the most part of standards on national fishing vessel accommodation facilities are somewhat insufficient to satisfy the provisions in Annex III of the Convention. Considering by items on fishing vessel accommodation facilities, the standards on insect protector, noise and vibration, heating and air conditioning, lighting, persons per sleeping room, recreational facility are not provided in national law. Headroom, separation of accommodation, sleeping room floor area, mattress size, mess room, galley and food storage are partially sufficient for the Convention. In case of sanitary facilities, national standards are not sufficient for the Convention. The other side, facilities related safety of ship and crew such as emergency escape etc., are fully sufficient for the Convention. These insufficiencies caused by different types of fishing vessel depend on originality of fishing method and practices. In the comparison between equivalent tonnage about vessel's length on convention and calculated tonnage of national existing fishing vessel, the difference are 226tons about length 24m and 501tons about length 45m. For that reason, headroom, persons per sleeping room, cabin of sicker and injured, sanitary facilities may decide to use gross tonnage in place of length (L) and the alleviating measure basis of convention. But in case of standards on sanitary facilities which are unsufficient for the Convention, specially in coastal fishing vessel length basis should be adopted with alleviating basis for less than length 24m.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1999

건물 화재 시 인명안전설계의 목표는 피난에 필요한 최소한의 시간을 확보하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 적정 피난 설계를 위하여 다음과 같은 내용을 연구하였다.-국내 사무소 건물의 거주밀도 분포를 조사 분석하였다. -고층 사무소 건물에서 대피훈련을 시행하여 예상 피난시간을 관측하였다. -피난전용 프로그램의 하나인 SIMULEX를 적용하여 컴퓨터 피난모델의 특성과 적용상의 한계를 연구하였다. -거주밀도와 파난시간과의 상관성을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 국내 사무소 건물의 거주밀도는 총 바닥면적(Gross Area)기준으로 13.14$m^2$/인 -22.69$m^2$/인이며 평균 19.72$m^2$/인 (193ft\sup 2\인)으로 조사되었다. (95% 신뢰도 기준) 또한 고층 사무소 건물의 대피훈련과 SIMULEX 모델 결과를 비교하여 피난시간에 큰 차이가 나타나 현 모델의 가정과 계산 방법에 한계가 있음을 보여주었다. 한편, 거주밀도와피난시간과의 분석 결과, 동일용도에서도 차이를 보이고 있어 용도별 거주밀도 기준 마련이 시급한 것으로 판단된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.281-285
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• 1999

Kallmann's syndrome has both a general and specific connotation in describing general condition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency or a particular cluster of anomalies associated with primary eunuchoidism. The familial occurrence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with anosmia, color blindness, synkinesia, and mental defect is the classic Kallmann's syndrome. Interestingly, anosmia, or lack of smell, was not found in the absence of gonadal deficiency in the original study of this disorder. This disorder was found on both sexes, but the male to female ratio was 11:1, and Kallmann's syndrome is more often listed under disorders of male hypogonadism for this reason. Gross anatomy has shown disorders of the olfactory bulbs associated with Kallmann's syndrome and it was demonstrated a failure of GnRH-containing cells to migrate from the olfactory placode to the hypothalamus and preoptic area. We have experienced a case of Kallmann's syndrome which showed a hypoplasia of olfactory bulb in MRI during the workup of primary amenorrheic patient. So we report this case with a brief review of literatures.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2017

Objectives This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Daeyoungjeon (hereinafter referred to DYJ) treatment on the injury of articular cartilage induced by monosodium iodoacetate in rats. Methods Twenty-four male rats were divided into normal, osteoarthritic control and DYJ group. Rats of normal group were injected with 0.1 ml physiological saline, rats of control and DYJ groups were injected with 0.1 ml monosodium iodoacetate (3 mg/ml) into each left and right knee joint cavities. Rats of DYJ group were administrated extracts of DYJ during 60 days per orally. At 60 days after treatment, gross lesions, area and proteoglycan contents of articular cartilage, histopathological lesions, immunohistochemistry on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7) were evaluated. Results Grossly, degenerative changes of articular cartilages were observed weak in DYJ group. The areas of articular cartilages were broader significantly in DYJ group. The proteoglycan contents in articular cartilages were lesser significantly in DYJ group. Histopathologically, the chondrocyte score was lesser significantly in DYJ group. MMP-3 expression in articular cartilages was observed weak in DYJ group. Conclusions From above results, DYJ treatment has inhibitory effects on the injuries of articular cartilage induced by monosodium iodoacetate in rats, and it's effects may be related with down regulation of MMP-3.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2006

본 연구는 신축 교육시설 프로젝트의 개념단계에서 공사비를 예측하기 위한 인공신경망모델의 제안을 목적으로 한다. 현행 공공 교육시설의 개념단계 공사비예측에는 기본인자인 연면적에 의한 단일변수 모델이 적용되고 있다. 그러나 개념단계에서 단일변수 공사비예측모델을 적용하여 예측된 공사비는 그 오차범위가 크고, 실시설계 완료 후 물량산출에 의해 산정된 상세공사비와 비교하여 큰 차이를 보일 경우 프로젝트의 수정이 불가피하며, 이는 프로젝트의 비용을 증가시키고 공기를 지연시킨다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 교육시설 프로젝트의 사업계획 수립 및 예산확보 과정에서 공사비예측에 적용이 가능한다 변수 인공신경망모델을 제안하였다. 개발된 모델을 평가한 결과 평균오차율이 6.82%로써, 평균 93.18%의 정확도를 기록하였다. 제안된 인공신경망모델은 지난 5년간 신축된 교육시설의 공사예정금액을 실적자료로 사용하여 학습되었기 때문에, 차후 교육시설 신축공사의 예산편성에 그 활용이 기대된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

In this study, In order to evaluate reliable of MODIS GPP, the MODIS GPP and Flux tower measured GPP were compared to evaluate the use of method on 8 days composite MODIS GPP. The 2008 Flux data ($CO_2$ Flux and air temperature) measured in Seolmacheon watershed ($8.48\;km^2$) were used. The Flux tower GPP was estimated as the sum of $CO_2$ Flux and $R_{ec}$ (ecosystem respiration) by Lloyd and Taylor method (1994). The summer Monsoon period from June to August mostly contributed the underestimation of MODIS GPP by cloud contamination on MODIS pixels. The 2008 MODIS GPP and Flux tower GPP of the watershed were $1133.2\;g/m^2/year$ and $1464.3\;g/m^2/year$ respectively and the determination coefficient ($R^2$) after correction of cloud-originated errors was 0.74 (0.63 before correction). Even though effect of Cloud-Originated Errors was eliminated, Solar radiation and Temperature are affected at GPP. Measurement of correct GPP is difficult. But, If errors of MODIS GPP analyze on Cloud Moonsoon Climate in korea and eliminated effect of Cloud-Originated Errors, MODIS GPP will be considered GPP increasing of 9 %. There, Our results indicate that MODIS GPP show reliable and useful data except for summer period in Moonsoon Climate.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 화산섬 제주의 해안지역에 산발적으로 분포하고 있는 모래들을 성인에 따라 세 개의 그룹으로 분류(규산염모래, 탄산염모래, 혼재된 모래)하여 그 특성을 정리하였다. 기본물성은 일반적인 모래의 비중에 비해 규산염모래는 다소 높고 탄산염모래는 낮은 값들을 포함하여 넓게 분포하며 전체적으로 비교적 입경이 큰 탄산염광물이 혼재되어 있어 분급이 불량하고 균등계수가 낮다. 구성성분에 따른 압축강도와의 관계는 규산염성분은 압축강도와 양의 상관을 보이고 탄산염성분은 음의 상관을 보여 서로 상반되는 경향을 보인다. 두성분의 비가 1:1을 기준으로 탄산염성분비가 작아지는 지역의 모래는 건설용 잔골재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 추정된다. 탄성계수 산정 시 압축강도의 2제곱근(ACI 308)과 3제곱근(KCI 2012)을 비교하기 위해 탄성계수를 무차원하여 검토하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.548-550
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• 2015

1세령 암컷 고슴도치의 앞다리 피하에서 종괴가 발견되어 내원하였다. 육안적으로 앞다리 피하종괴는 직경 약 4 cm 크기로 융기되어 있었다. 종괴의 단면상에서 중심 부위는 암적색이었으며, 그 주위에 유백색 결절이 무수히 매몰되어 있었다. 병리조직학적으로 진피층에는 다량의 종양세포들이 불규칙한 줄 또는 시트형태를 이루고 있었다. 대부분의 종양세포들은 기저막에 울타리 모양으로 배열되어 있었으며, 종양세포무리의 중심부에서는 건락괴사를 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 종양세포들은 주변조직으로의 침습성을 보이고 있었다. 면역조직화학염색을 실시한 결과, 종양세포들은 vimentin에는 음성반응을 보인 반면, pancytokeratin에는 강한 양성반응을 보였다. 이상의 육안적인 특징, 병리조직학적 소견 및 면역조직화학적 검사를 바탕으로 본 증례는 기저세포암종으로 진단하였다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2017

Purpose: Fingertip amputations are the most common type of upper limb amputations. Composite grafting is a simple and cost-effective technique. Although many factors have investigated the success of composite grafting, the success rate is not high. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether the microscopic procedure process during composite grafts improves the success rate. Materials and Methods: Thirteen cases of unreplantable fingertip amputation underwent a microscopic resection procedure for composite graft in the operating room. The principle of the procedure was to remove the least devitalized tissue, maximize the clean tissue preservation and exact trimming of the acral vessel and to remove as many foreign bodies as possible. Results: All fingertips in the thirteen patients survived completely without additional procedures. Conclusion: Composite grafting allows for the preservation of length while avoiding the donor site morbidity of locoregional flaps. Most composite grafts are performed as quickly as possible in a gross environment. However, we take noticed the microscopic resection. This process is thought to increase the survival rate for the following reasons. First, the minimal resection will maximize the junction surface area and increase serum imbibition. Second, sophisticated trimming of injured distal vessels will increase the likelihood of inosculation. Third, accurate foreign body removal will reduce the probability of infection and make it possible to increase the concentration and efficiency in a microscopic environment. Although there is a need for more research into the mechanisms, we recommend using a composite graft under the microscopic environment.