• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.69-80
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of 3 methods of bone age measurements. Methods : 102 children(49 boys, 53 girls) were involved in this study. We measured the height, weight and bone age based when they visited for the first time. We measured bone age using BoneAge of Sunlight Co.,Ltd. Two of the bone age measurement methods, Greulich-Pyle and Tanner-Whitehouse, were used to analyze the left dorsopalmar hand-wrist radiographs of 102 children who visited in Department of Pediatrics, O O University Oriental Hospital. This study was designed to investigate the correlation of the bone age between two methods. Results : The bone ages were related with age, height, weight and BMI according to this study(P<0.01). Each bone age assessment method had statistically significant correlation to each other(P<0.01). Conclusions : The ultrasound transonic velocity of inferior radiocarpal joint will become a sufficient diagnostic tool of bone age assessment if measurement error can be minimized by proper effort.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.5
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• pp.1081-1089
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• 2022

Purpose To compare the computerized Greulich-Pyle based bone age with elbow bone age. Materials and Methods A total of 2126 patients (1525 girls; 601 boys) whose elbow bone age was within the evaluable range by the Sauvegrain method, and who simultaneously underwent hand radiography, were enrolled in the study. The 1st-bone age and VUNO score of the hand were evaluated using VUNOMed-BoneAge software. The correlation between the hand and elbow bone age was analyzed according to the child's gender and the probability of 1st-bone age. Results The correlation between VUNO score and elbow bone age (r = 0.898) was higher than the correlation between 1st-bone age and elbow bone age (r = 0.879). Moreover, the VUNO score showed a better correlation with the elbow bone age in patients with a 1st-bone age probability of less than 70%, or in girls. Elbow bone age was more advanced compared to hand bone age, and this difference increased until the middle of puberty and gradually decreased in the latter half. Conclusion The computerized Greulich-Pyle based hand bone age showed a significant correlation with the elbow bone age at puberty. However, since the elbow bone age tends to advance faster than the hand bone age, caution is required while judging the bone age during puberty.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.89-103
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to measure bone age using an artificial intelligence program based on the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method to find out the bone age corresponding to each stage of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) and the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3). This study was conducted on 3,118 patients who visited pediatric dentistry at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital and Pusan National University Dental Hospital from 2013 to 2021. The CVM stage was divided into 5 stages according to the classification by Baccetti, and the MP3 stage was divided into 5 stages according to the methods of Hägg and Taranger. Based on the GP method, bone age was evaluated using an artificial intelligence program. The pubertal growth spurt in the CVM stage was CVM II and III. The mean bone age in CVM II was 11.00 ± 1.81 years for males and 10.00 ± 1.49 years for females, and in CVM III, 13.00 ± 1.46 years for males and 12.00 ± 1.44 years for females (p < 0.0001). The pubertal growth spurt in the MP3 stage was MP3 - G stage. The bone age at the MP3 - G stage was 13.14 ± 1.07 years for males and 11.40 ± 1.09 years for females (p < 0.0001). Bone age evaluation using artificial intelligence is worth using in clinical practice, and it is expected that a faster and more accurate diagnosis will be possible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2015

They evaluate the bone age using the GP-BP (Greulich-Pyle and Bayley-Pinneau) and TW3 (Tanner-Whitehouse 3) in clinical. The skeletal maturity in Hand AP is evaluated by clinical experience of physicians and this is qualitative evaluation not same in every physicians. In order to devise and evaluate new methods not using TW3 method in this situation. The study was conducted with 70 (Male 35, Female 35) children who visited Yangsan P Hospital from March 2014 to March 2015. The study measured the length of growth plate and distal proximal phalanx and conducted regression analysis for statistical significance test of bone age length difference. The study found average and standard deviation corresponding to certain ranges each bone age. The more bone age increase, the more the length of growth plate and distal proximal phalanx decreased. The girls have less average rather than the boys because bone grows fast. The girls have first period age of 12 to 14, it appears length variation significantly. The study conducted regression analysis and this has statistical significance.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.351-355
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• 2009

Purpose : This study compared bone ages measured by the Greulich-Pyle (GP) and Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3) methods and investigated the differences in predicted adult heights measured by Bayley-Pinneau (BP) and TW3 methods. Methods : Bone ages were assessed from left-wrist radiographs by two investigators, one for each GP and TW3 methods in 85 normal children, 30 precocious puberty girls, and 30 constitutional growth delay boys. The differences between the measured predicted adult heights using the BP and TW3 methods were compared in each group. Results : The bone age measured by the TW3 method was less than that by the GP method in normal children. The predicted adult heights measured by the two methods showed no significant difference in normal boys, while the predicted adult height measured by the TW3 method was higher than that by the BP method for normal girls ($156.4{\pm}4.7$ cm vs. $158.9{\pm}3.8$ cm, P<0.01) and for precocious puberty girls ($156.3{\pm}4.0$ cm vs. $159.3{\pm}4.2$ cm, P<0.01). In contrast, the predicted adult height was higher from the BP method than from the TW3 method in constitutional growth delay boys ($173.3{\pm}4.4$ cm vs. $169.7{\pm}3.2$ cm, P<0.01). Conclusion : There were significant differences in predicted adult heights between the BP and TW3 method in normal girls, precocious puberty girls, or constitutional growth delay boys. In precocious puberty and constitutional growth delay, the BP method might be preferred to predict adult height, but further studies on final adult height are needed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.5 s.64
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• pp.853-864
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• 1997

The evaluation of growth potency can be done with many physiologic indicators. It has been well known that skeletal maturity has a close relation with both sexual maturity and somatic maturity, but the correlation between skeletal maturity and dental maturity was believed to be less certain. But, recent studies show that specific teeth, including lower canines, present close correlations with skeletal maturity. So, in this study, we studied hand-wrist X-ray films and orthopantomograms of 387 Korean boys and girls aged from 7 to 15; the purpose was to determine skeletal and dental maturity, and to find out a new method to estimate individual skeletal maturity using multiple-regression model, without the help of hand-wrist X-ray film. As a result of this study, followings were observed. 1. The following multiple-regression model can estimate skeletal maturity index (SMI) with 84% of accuracy, and regression coefficient of chronologic age, sex and lower canine show statistical significance. SMI = 0.60 x chronologic age - 1.67 x sex$^{**}$ + 0.88 x lower canine$^{*}$ - 0.05 x lower 2nd molar$^{*}$ - 10.3 $^{*}$ : mean age corresponding each developing stage, $^{**}$ : male=1, femal=0 2. The following multiple-regression model can estimate skeletal age with 87% of accuracy, and regression coefficient of chronologic age, sex and lower canine show statistical significance. Skeletal age = 0.75 x chronologic age - 0.55 x sex$^{**}$ + 0.71 x lower canine$^{*}$ - 0.09 x lower 2nd molar* -5.77 $^{*}$ : mean age corresponding each developing stage, $^{**}$ : male=1, femal=0