• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.411-422
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• 2014

In this study, spatial and temporal variations of radiative forcing (RF) and mean temperature changes due to greenhouse gases ($CO_2$, $CH_4$, and $N_2O$) emitted from commercial aircraft were examined based on the simplified expression at the airports in Korea during 2009~2010. The radiative transfer model (SBDART) was used to compare with the RF and mean temperature changes calculated from the simplified expressions for greenhouse gas $CO_2$. The RF simulated by the SBDART was about 67% higher than that of the simplified expression, on average. The highest mean RF (up to $9.0mW/m^2$ for $CO_2$) and mean temperature changes (up to $9.7{\times}10^{-5}^{\circ}K/day$ for $CO_2$) for all GHGs occurred at Ulsan airport during the study period, whereas the lowest RF and temperature changes at Yangyang (for $CO_2$) and Sacheon airports (for $CH_4$ and $N_2O$). In the case of $CH_4$ and $N_2O$, their effects to the RF and mean temperature change were negligible compared to $CO_2$.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.531-537
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• 2023

Municipal solid waste landfills are unpredictable bioreactors which in cases of mishandling and bad supervision presents numerous risks. The key to municipal waste landfills is to approach them from the point of prevention of the possible consequences, which means using methods of organized waste disposal, and also utilizing landfill gas, as an unavoidable consequence with disposal of municipal solid waste with a high share of biodegradable organic matter. This paper presents an overview about problems of solid municipal waste management, type and composition of waste, and an overview of waste management condition. Further, the problem of landfill and landfill gasses is described with the calculation models of landfill production, as well as the use of the SWM GHG Calculator and LandGEM software on a specific example of gas production for the central zone at Sarajevo landfill "Smiljevici". Main focus of this thesis is the analysis of potentials of greenhouse gas emission reduction measures from the waste management. Overview of the best available techniques in waste management is presented as well as the methodology used for calculations. Scenarios of greenhouse gas emission reduction in waste management were defined so that emissions were calculated using the appropriate model. In the final section of the paper, its description of the problem of collection and utilization the landfill gas at the sanitary landfill "Smiljevici", and implementation of the system for landfill gas collection and solution suggestion for the gasification and exploitation of gas. Energy, environmental and economic benefits can be accomplished by utilizing municipal solid waste as fuel in industry and energy and moreover by utilizing energy generation from landfill gas, which this thesis emphasizes.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Greenhouse gas emissions have been an important issue in different countries because of their effects on global warming. The government has to organize greenhouse gas reduction measures suitable to regional characteristics by establishing annual implementation plans and comprehensive policies based on the UNFCCC. The transportation sector is one of the major contributors of air pollution; hence increasing need to estimate current and future traffic emissions precisely. Under these circumstances, a number of emission models have been developed recently. However, current methods of estimation cannot carry out effective analyses because it does not reflect vehicle movement characteristics. This study aims to present a new method for calculating road traffic emissions in Goyang city. A travel demand model is utilized to carry out GHG emission estimates according the traffic data (fleet composition, vehicle kilometers travelled, traffic intensity, road type, emission factors and speed). This study evaluates two approaches to estimate the road traffic emissions in Goyang City: Pollution-Emis and the Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA v.3.1) which is representative of the "average speed" and the "traffic situation" model types. The evaluation of results shows that the proposed emission estimation method may be a good practice if vigilant implementation of model inputs is observed.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1293-1300
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• 2014

The temperature data influences on various policies of the country. In this article, the autoregressive error (ARE) model has been considered for analyzing the monthly and seasonal temperature data at the northern part of the Chungcheong Namdo, Seosan monitoring site in Korea. In the ARE model, five meteorological variables, four greenhouse gas variables and five pollution variables are used as the explanatory variables for the temperature data set. The five meteorological variables are wind speed, rainfall, radiation, amount of cloud, and relative humidity. The four greenhouse gas variables are carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), methane ($CH_4$), nitrous oxide ($N_2O$), and chlorofluorocarbon ($CFC_{11}$). And the five air pollution explanatory variables are particulate matter ($PM_{10}$), sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$), nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$), ozone ($O_3$), and carbon monoxide (CO). The result showed that the monthly ARE model explained about 39-63% for describing the temperature. However, the ARE model will be expected better when we add the more explanatory variables in the model.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.291-303
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• 2013

After establishing national greenhouse gas emission reduction goals, the South Korean government has been pursuing sector- and industry-specific greenhouse gas emission reduction measures; in support of which, metropolitan city / state governing entities, such as Gyeonggi Province, etc., have been in lock steps by establishing and executing climate change measures that are appropriate for the regional characteristics. However, in the case of local governments, difficulties abound due to the fact that the per-unit greenhouse gas emission amounts and the future emission estimates for establishing reduction targets are not clear. In order to establish correct climate change measure policies, the policy directions and the assessment of verified greenhouse gas emission amounts would need to serve as the basis, and along with the national level climate change effect and vulnerability assessment, there's a need to develop methodologies that take into consideration the local characteristics and conditions. To this end, this study calculated the greenhouse gas emission amounts of the City of Siheung, a basic local government in Gyeonggi Province, by using the GEBT (Greenhouse gas Emission Business-as-usual Tool) developed by the National Institute of Environmental Research to facilitate easy calculations of BAU (business-as-usual) emission quantities by local governing entities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.233-247
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• 2016

Local food industry has been spreading all over the world. Korea is also actively applying and developing local food industry. However, relatively high distribution cost in Korean agricultural market is hindering its further growth. Distribution cost has close relation with shipping distance. Raised distribution cost brings major impacts not only on quality and price of products but also on greenhouse gas(carbon dioxide) emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution for inefficient distribution system of the local food industry to reduce overall cost and greenhouse gas. In this study, we present a location selection model for local food regional center using Analytic Hierarchy Process. The location of local food regional hub center is decided based on expert opinions on five factors: accessibility, quality, population, size of area, and shipping distance. The relative importance of the five factors has been concluded as follows: quality (0.430) ${\gg}$ population (0.262) ${\gg}$ travel distance (0.201) ${\gg}$ accessibility (0.075) ${\gg}$ and area (0.033). We apply and analyze the environmental management system model for Local food industry to develop the regional hub center site selection criteria and to analyze the effects of greenhouse gas emissions in the local food industry. This study, by applying and analyzing the environmental management system of the local food industry, is believed to be a valuable asset for managing greenhouse gas emission in the local food industry. Also, the data will be used for the autonomous local food industry's direct sales stall management. Eventually, this study will contribute so greatly to the local food industry's competitiveness that even large distribution companies will give way for the local food industry.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4D
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• pp.323-330
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• 2010

The time in port for vessels is one of the important factors for analyzing the operation status and the capacity of ports. In addition, the time in port for vessels can be directly used for estimating the greenhouse gas emissions resulted from vessels in port. However, it is unclear which variables can affect the time in port for vessels and what the marginal effect of each variable is. With these challenges in mind, the study analyzes the time in port for vessels arriving and departing port of Busan by using a parametric survival model. The results show that the log-logistic accelerated failure time model is appropriate to explain the time in port for 19,167 vessels arriving and departing port of Busan in 2008, in which the time in port is significantly affected by gross tonnage of vessels, service capacity of terminal, and vessel type. This study also shows that the greenhouse gas emission resulted from full-container vessels, which accounted for about 61% of all vessels with loading/unloading purpose arriving and departing port of Busan in 2008, is about "17 ton/vessel" in the boundary of port of Busan. However, the hotelling greenhouse gas emissions resulted from non-container vessels (3,774 vessels; 20%) are greater than those from the full-container vessels. Hence, it is necessary to take into account more efficient port management polices and technologies to reduce the service time of non-container vessels in port of Busan.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.178-187
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• 2019

Due to the increasing demand of high rank coal, the use of low rank coal, which has economically advantage, is rising in various industries using carbonaceous solid fuels. In addition, the severe disaster of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions is becoming more serious. The Republic of Korea set a goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by supporting the use of biomass from the Paris International Climate Change Conference and the 8th Basic Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand. In line with these worldwide trends, this paper focuses on investigating the combustibility of high rank coal Carboone, low rank coal Adaro from Indonesia, Baganuur from Mongolia and, In biomass, wood pellet and herbaceous type Kenaf were simulated as kinetic reactivity model. The accuracy of the pore development model were compared with experimental result and analyzed using carbon conversion and tau with grain model, random pore model, and flexibility-enhanced random pore model. In row lank coal and biomass, FERPM is well-matched kinetic model than GM and RPM to using numerical simulations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4635-4642
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• 2013

The advanced absorbent that used amine mixture with different order were developed to separate carbon dioxide emitted from fossil fuel power plant. The carbon dioxide absorption capacity for mixtures with different amine(primary, secondary and tertiary) were investigated according to $CO_2$ partial pressure. The carbon dioxide absorption capacity at the same pressure is ordered as 3DMA1P 30wt%>3DMA1P 27wt%+MEA 3wt%>3DMA1P 27wt%+DEA 3wt%. The result indicates that mixing tertiary amine with primary amine yields more efficient carbon dioxide absorbent than mixing tertiary with secondary amine does. Finally, the predicted semi-empirical gas-liquid equilibrium model fitted with experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.60-70
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• 2013

This study aims to develop a truck priority on left-turn algorithm that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing heavy duty truck's stops at signalized intersection. The signal priority is granted for a left-turn phase, because heavy duty trucks can deteriorate left-turn traffic flow due to the low acceleration or deceleration rate and large turn radius. Truck priority allows to provide the stable speed control for heavy duty truck, and reduces emissions at the signal intersection. Also, two signal recovery strategies are compared for various traffic conditions. This study analyzes the effectiveness of truck priority such as greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption reduction, and total travel time saving using the PARAMICS and Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model (CMEM). The results show that signal priority for heavy duty trucks has an effect on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumptions at non-peak hour. Also, it shows decreasing total travel time due to reducing truck stops.