• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2015

The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth performance, feed intake, slaughter characteristics, meat quantity and quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers fed with Italian ryegrass (IRG) silage (TRT). IRG silage consisted 11.70% protein, 2.84% ether extract, 53.50% dry matter digestibility and 63.34% total digestible nutrients. The daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio of TRT were significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of control diet (CON; fed rice straw) in the whole periods. However, the slaughter weight, dressing percentage, quantity grade and quantity traits (marbling score, meat color, fat color, and quality grade) of either TRT or CON were similar. Meat fed TRT diet showed higher crude fat and lightness (L*) value and lower moisture content and pH value compared with the CON diet (p<0.05). Overall the carcass yield was 12.5% higher than CON diet.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of storing method and wrapping frequency on the quality of round baled rice straw silage at experimental field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, Suwon fro 1999 to 2000. Storing methods consisted of erect and lay type, and wrapping frequencies were composed to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 film layers. there were no significant difference in feed value between storing methods, but acidity of lay type was significantly higher than that of erect type. According to the wrapping frequency, crude protein(CP) content of 2 film layers treatment was lowest during 6 month storing periods, and that of 4 film layers treatment was lowest during 10 month storing periods. The two film layers treatment which was stored for 10 month was impossible for ruminant to feed it, because it was rotten severely. Storing for 6 month, 2 film layers treatment represented highest pH value by 8.23 and storing for 10 month, 4 film layers treatment showed highest pH value by 7.17. Most of silage ranked grade 3 in quality grade. According to this experiment, it was recommended that application of round bale silage system to fresh rice straw should wrap above 4 film layers for 6 month, and above 6 film layers for 10 month storing periods.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2000

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate chemical composition, dry matter(DM) digestibility, DM intake, relative feed value(RFV) and hay grade of imported roughage which was collected by wholesale dealer at Chungnam province in 1999. Experimental roughages includes 8 kinds of imported hays(com stover bale, tall fescue straw, green cell, bermudagrass straw, reed carnarygrass straw, alfalfa bale, sugarcane bale and oat hay) and mixture hay(control) which was harvested at Chungnam National University experimental field. Compared with mixture hay(control) except for alfalfa bale, crude protein of most imported roughage was low, but NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin compound were high. Futhermore, DM digestibility, DM intake, RFV and hay grade of imported roughage except for alfalfa bale was significantly lower than those of mixture hay(control)(P<0.05). Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the economic value in the aspect of quality for the imported roughages.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.315-326
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• 1996

An experiment was carried out to determine effect of cultivar, drying agent concentration and preservative on the moisture content, temperature and quality changes of fall harvested oat(Avena sativa L.) hay during field curing and storage. The main plots consisted of the cultivar such as 'Foothill' and 'Swan', the subplots consisted of drying agent concentration such as 7Skg/ha(C1), lOSkglha(C2) and control(C0) and the sub-subplots consisted of preservative such as buffered acid(BA), lactic bacteria inoculant(LB) and control(C0). Moisture contents of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat cultivar at harvest were 635.5 and 385.4%DW(Dry weight), respectively, but the final moisture contents of the oat cultivars were 117 and 86%DW. The moisture content of cut oat was not affeded by drying agent concentration. Core temperature of baled 'Swan' oat hay was a little higher than that of 'Foothill' and no consistent preservative effect was found. Total nitrogen content of 'Swan' oat hay was 3.08% and that of 'Foothill' oat hay was 3.45%(P<0.05). Drying agent treatment increased total nitrogen content of 'Swan'(P <0.05), but preservative had no effect. Crude fiber content of oat cultivar was increased as the curing progressed(P<0.05) and the difference of crude fiber content of oat cultivar was maintained through the whole curing period. Effect of drying agent concentration on crude fiber content was not found after preservation. Crude fiber content of 'Swan' oat hay was higher than that of 'Foothill' by 1.O% in ADF and 3.1 % in NDF(P<0.05). No preservative effect was found in crude fiber content. According to RFV of oat cultivar at harvest, forage quality of 'Foothill' and 'Swan' was Prime and Grade 1, respectively, but that of both cultivm was above Grade 2 at the final curing day. RFV of the stored 'Foothill' and 'Swan' oat hay was 122 and 114(P<0.05), respectively, and the quality of oat hay was classified as Grade 1 and 2, respectively, according to the forage quality standard assigned by AFGC.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 1985

This field experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of three levels of inclination ($10^{\circ},\;20^{\circ},\;and\;30^{\circ}$) and four rates of $N-P_2O_2-K_2O$ (O-O-O, 14-10-20, 28-25-25, and 42-40-40kg/10a) on establishment, forage yield and quality and botanical composition of new established mixed grass-clover sward. This first part is concerned with the forage yield, yield component and botanical composition. The results obtained after a two-year experiment are summarized as follows: 1. Dry matter yields of mixed grass-clover sward were greatly decreased by increasing the inclination grade of hilly pasture, whereas it of weeds was not significantly influenced. Comparing with weeds, the establishment of introduced pastures was relatively low with increasing the grade of inclination. 2. By increasing the NPK rate, the yields of grasses and mixed forages and the rate of introduced pastures were greatly increased at all grades of inclination, whereas the change in the weed yield was not significant. 3. There were the differenced in the forage yield and yield component, and efficiency of fertilizers by the grade of inclination, which indicated the necessity of different management on the selection of suitable grass species, seeding rate, amount of fertilizer application, and the methods of grassland establishment, management and utilization.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2015

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the productivity and silage quality of domestically developed forage crops in Korea. A variety of rye ("Gogu"), oat ("Samhan"), three Italian ryegrass ("Kogreen", "Kospeed" and "Kowinearly") and two barley ("Yuyeon" and "Youngyang") were evaluated at an experimental field of Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA in Korea. Gogu showed the highest dry matter yield among the forage crop but the lowest was Samhan. Crude protein (CP) was higher in the oat and Italian ryegrass varieties. The total digestible nutrient (TDN) content levels were similar with the except for the rye. The acidity (pH) of the oat silage was the lowest among forage crop species. Higher lactic acid content levels were found in the Kogreen and Samhan compared to the other varieties (p<0.05). According to Flieg's score, all of the silages were assigned a $1^{st}$ quality grade with the exception of the Gogu. These results suggest that domestically developed forage crop varieties show high performance in terms of productivity and silage quality, and are therefore recommendable forage crop varieties for Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the ecological characteristics, forage value and similarity among the plant communities of the gazing pasture at Witzenhausen, Germany. Ten plant communities of the different grazing pasture were the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea that was named the class of plant sociological nomenclature. The forage value of the plant communities were ranged from 4.35 to 6.60 grade for roughage qualify. Hemicryptophyte of lift form and mesomorphic of anatomical structure were greately dominated in all the plant communities. The correlation coeffcient between class No. 3 and 4 of plant communities was highest by botanical composition. The clustering analysis by Euclidean distance showed that class No. 9 and 10 of plant communities were closely grouped as affected by the similar botanical composition.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate feed value of imported hays and examine current situation of species and hay grade. To evaluate the quality of the imported hay, 133 pieces including 9 species of roughage types were collected at the national hay importers, the TMR companies and livestock farms from 2016 to 2018. The quality grades of imported hay were 3~4 and most imported hay were considered to had low. The ADF, Ash, TDN and DDM in feed composition of alfalfa by quality grades presented significant differences(p<0.05). The quality grade on alfalfa was not similar to the actual quality grades calculated through feed composition. The feed composition of grasses by quality degrees presented significant differences in all contents except DM and CP (p<0.05). As the distributed grasses of the unmarked quality grade was low quality and accounted for 49%, it is urgent to present quality standards based on feed composition. As these results, the grades of imported hays were lower than the marked quality grades. Therefore, the imported roughage's(hay) price that considered to only quality grades on the marked imported roughages(hay) package can cause a loss to the livestock farms as economic damage. An institutional arrangement should be established to review the quality grades of imported hay.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-101
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• 2010

This research has a significance on providing basic material of landscape ecological planning and open space planning of the future site by selecting Sinseo innovative city area, large residential land development district in rural area, by classifying biotope types and implementing recreational value assessment in the level of area. First of all, as a result of classification of biotope types in research site, total 11 biotope type groups including stream biotope and its subordinate 51 biotope types. Also, as a result of the first value assessment of classified biotopes, there are total 5 types such as vegetation-full natural river, fallow ground in I grade. In addition, it is analyzed that grade II have 18 types, III are 10, IV are 12, the least valuable V are 6. Especially, grassland biotope(GD) was classified into grade II, which is one grade raised, because it is analyzed that it has high value in terms of normal access and availability although it was assessed as grade ill in terms of natural experience quality. Lastly, as a result of the second assessment, special areas for natural experience and recreation(1a, 1b) are 15, areas for natural experience and recreation(2a, 2b, 2c) are 47. Especially, the 52th drawing mark space was grade II in the first assessment but its value grade was upgraded because of its high value in terms of use evidence, size of the area, accessibility with housing area, history and cultural character and so on.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.168-173
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• 1989

In this report two experiments were carried out. Vertical distribution of exchangeable potassium(K) of soil in the orchardgrass meadow was investigated‘ a and K leaching from soil was monitored under lysimeter condition throughout one year. The results obtained a are as follows; The difference in the exchangeable soil K content b between the soil layers was very small in K-zero plot of the orchard grass meadow, but it was significant in K¬h high plot (Experiment 1). T The volume of leached water from the Iysime ter was a about 471 liters/m2 during a year and the amount of leached water was influenced by the precipitation. D During the investigation the quantity of leached K was 2 22.3 g/$m^2$. About 40 % of the total K in a year leached out during the first two months, May and June, after the start of the experiment. On the other hand, leached K amounted to 13.2 g/$m^2$ (60 % of the total K leached) during the period of ten months from July, 1985 to A April, 1986, when forages were harvested from the soil o of the lysimeter (Experiment 2). From the above results, it was known that K leach¬i ing from grassland soil can be also occurred in consider¬a able amount when the growth stage of forage is not d developed or soil does not become solid on such a p period as immediately after grassland improvement or e establishment. However, unless the K leaching from soil s seems to be little under the condition of permanent g grassland ecosystem with higher grade of soil hardness a and possibly with compact density of forage plants.