• 전기화학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.221-226
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• 1999

조직의 형태와 불순물의 함량이 서로 다른 2종류의 침상 코크스(needle cokes, NC)를 $2000\~3000^{\circ}C$온도범위에서 열처리한 후 이들의 흑연화도, 분쇄하였을 때의 입자크기, 크기분포 및 표면적을 측정하였고 리튬 2차전지의 음극특성을 조사하였다. 두 시료 모두 열처리 온도가 증가함에 따라 흑연화도가 증가하였으나, NC-B는 불순물의 영향과 분자간의 배열이 적은 모자익 조직을 포함하고 있기 때문에 흑연화도가 낮게 나타났다. 동일한 조건에서 분쇄하였을 때 입자의 평균크기는 흑연화도와 비례하였고 표면적은 반비례하였다. 흑연화도가 큰 시료일수록 입자분포의 균일도는 감소하였다 열처리 온도에 따른 음극 특성을 조사하였을 때, 2000"C까지는 결정결함을 포함하는 탄소질 층간(carbonaceous interlayers)의 감소로 인해 용량이 감소하였으나 그 이상의 온도에서는 흑연질 층간(graphitic interlayers)의 성장으로 용량이 다시 증가하였다. 분쇄한 시료는 파단면 표면에 부정합 구조가 생성되어 1.0 V이상에서 기울기를 갖는 방전곡선을 보여 주었으나, 이는 거듭된 충방전과 재열처리에 의해 0.25 V 이하에서 방전되는 흑연질 구조로 전환되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.2155-2161
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• 2013

Composite materials of mesoporous carbon and carbon nanotubes were synthesized using Ni, Co and Pd-loaded CMK3 via a catalytic reaction of methane and $CO_2$. The CNTs grew from the pores of the mesoporous carbon supports, and they were attached tightly to the CMK3 surface in a densely tangled shape. The CNT/CMK3 composite showed both non-graphitic mesoporous structures, and graphitic characteristics originating from the MWCNTS grown in the pores of CMK3. The electrochemical properties of the materials were characterized by their electrorheological effects and cyclic voltammetry. The CNTs/CMK3 composites showed high electrical conductivity and current density. The CNT/CMK3 or KOH-modified CNT/CMK3 particles were incorporated in a PMMA matrix to improve the thermal and electrical conductivity. Even higher thermal conductivity was achieved by the addition of KOH-modified CNT/CMK3 particles.

• Carbon letters
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2007

The influences of various carbonization temperatures on electrical resistivity and morphologies of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofiber webs were studied. The diameter size distribution and morphologies of the nanofiber webs were observed by a scanning electron microscope. The electrical resistivity behaviors of the webs were evaluated by a volume resistivity tester. From the results, the volume resistivity of the carbon webs was ranged from $5.1{\times}10^{-1}\;{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ to $3.0{\times}10^{-2}\;{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, and the average diameter of the fiber webs was varied in the range of 310 to 160 nm with increasing the carbonization temperature. These results could be explained that the graphitic region of carbon webs was formed after carbonization at high temperatures. And the amorphous structure of polymeric fiber webs was significantly changed to the graphitic crystalline, resulting in shrinking the size of fiber diameters.

• Carbon letters
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2003

Carbon/carbon composites were developed using PAN based carbon fibres and phenolic resin as matrix in different volume fractions and heat treated to temperatures between $1000^{\circ}C$ to $2500^{\circ}C$. Although both the starting precursors are nongraphitizing hard carbons individually, their composites lead to very interesting properties e.g. x-ray diffractograms show the development of graphitic phase for composites having fibre volume fractions of 30~40%. Consequently the electrical resistivity of such composites reaches a value of $0.8\;m{\Omega}cm$, very close to highly graphitic material. However, it was found that by increasing the fibre volume fraction to 50~60%, the trend is reversed. Optical microscopy of the composites also reveals the development of strong columnar type microstructure at the fibre (matrix interface due to stress graphitization of the matrix. The study forcasts a unique possibility of producing high thermal conductivity carbon/carbon composites starting with carbon fibres in the chopped form only.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.1065-1069
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• 1998

리튬이온 이차전지에 사용되는 탄소부극의 성능을 향상시키기 위하여 결정성계 탄소재료와 비결정성계 탄소재료의 혼합비율에 따른 조합형 탄소전극을 제조하였으며, 이들의 전기화학적 특성과 충방전 특성을 조사하여 조합비율에 따른 리튬의 삽입과 탈삽입 반응기구 및 최적의 조합조건을 찾고자 하였다. 탄소전극은 결정성계 탄소재료인 natural graphite와 $700^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 동안 열처리된 비결정성계 탄소재료인 petroleum cokes를 사용하였다. 조합비에 따라 제조된 조합형 탄소전극은 두 가지 형태의 탄소재료가 갖는 전극특성을 지니며 50:50wt%로 조합하였을 때 가장 우수한 전기화학적 특성과 충 방전 특성을 나타냈다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.2369-2376
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• 2011

Effect of heat treatment of carbon nanofibers (CNF) on electrical properties and crystallization behavior of polypropylene was reported. Two types of CNFs (untreated and heat treated at 2300 $^{\circ}C$) were incorporated into polypropylene (PP) using intensive mixing. A significant drop in volume resistivity was observed with composites containing untreated 5 wt % and heat treated 3 wt % CNF. In non-isothermal crystallization studies, both untreated and heat treated CNFs acted as nucleating agents. Composites with heat treated CNFs showed a higher crystallization temperature than composites with untreated CNFs did. TEM results of CNF revealed that an irregular structure of CNFs can be converted into the continuous graphitic structure after heat treatment. Furthermore, STM showed that the higher carbonization temperature leads to the higher graphite degree which presents the larger carbon network size, suggesting that a more graphitic structure of CNFs led to a higher crystallization temperature of PP.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.852-858
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• 1993

The effect of coal tar ptch-impregnated carbon materials which were made from petroleum coke was investigated at various pressure time and impregnation-sintering cycle. As a result, density and bending strength of the carbon materials were remarkably increased in the condition of pressure times of 5hrs and of the cycle of 3rd times. And the value of d002 and Lc of the graphitic carbon sintered at 230$0^{\circ}C$ shwoed 3.387$\AA$ and 167$\AA$, respectively.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2014

Silicene is one of the most interesting two-dimensional materials, because of not only the extraordinary properties similar to graphene, but also easy compatibility with existing silicon-based devices. However, non-existing graphitic-like structure on silicon and unstable free-standing silicene structure leads to difficulty in commercialization of this material. Therefore, substrates are essential for silicene, which affects various properties of silicene and supporting unstable structure. For maintaining outstanding properties of silicene, van der Waals bonding between silicene and substrate is essential because strong interaction, such as silicene with metal, breaks the band structure of silicene. Therefore, we review the stability of silicene on other two-dimensional materials for van der Waals bonding. In addition, the properties of silicene are reviewed for silicene-based heterostructure.

• Composites Research
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.408-415
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• 2023

질소 도핑에 의한 Pyridinic-N, Pyrrolic-N, Graphitic-N과 같은 결합 구성의 형성은 탄소나노소재의 물리적 특성을 조절하거나 새로운 물성을 부여하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 멜라민을 도펀트 소스로 혼합하여 탄소 나노튜브(CNT)의 질소 결합 구성을 조절하는 간단하고 비용 효율적인 접근 방식을 제안한다. Stirring, Bath sonication 및 Tip sonication과 같은 세 가지 기계적 방법을 통해 멜라민을 탄소나노튜브와 혼합한 후 열처리를 통해 질소 도핑을 진행하였다. CNT 대비 멜라민 비율이 높을수록 Pyrrolic-N의 비율이 높게 나타났으며 Stirring을 통해 혼합한 경우 가장 높은 Pyridinic-N의 비율을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 기계적인 혼합 방법을 이용해 탄소나노튜브에 다양한 종류의 질소 도펀트를 선택적으로 형성할 수 있는 손쉬운 방법으로, 향후 질소가 도핑된 탄소나노물질의 응용을 용이하게 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.327-337
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• 1997

The current understanding of the mechanism of inoculation of the eutectic in commercial Fe-C-Si alloys using either silicon containing alloys or graphite has been discussed. The mechanism whereby inclusion formation within a cast iron melt is essential for inoculation effectiveness in ferro silicon inoculation has been reviewed. The role of graphitic inoculants has been presented, including the results of recent research that confirms the inoculating capability of graphite and demonstrates those factors which must be considered in evaluating inoculation effectiveness. Fading of inoculation, both ferro silicon and graphite, and the mechanism whereby this occurs, has also been discussed.