• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.92-112
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• 2021

This study compared the job satisfaction and job importance of school dietitians according to various school types in Sejong. One hundred and twenty-six school dietitians working in kindergartens (n=36), elementary schools (n=42), middle schools (n=22), and high schools (n=26) participated in this questionnaire survey. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the school types. Half of the subjects were over 41 years of age, with 64.3% graduating from graduate school. The percentage of nutrition teachers was the highest in middle schools at 95.4%, followed by the elementary school at 90.5% and high school at 73.1%, whereas 100% of the kindergarten dietitians were not nutrition teachers (P<0.001). The percentage of the running status of nutrition education classes/activities was lowest in kindergartens (P<0.001). The job satisfaction score in the job itself area was significantly lower in kindergartens and high schools than in middle schools (P<0.01). The satisfaction scores of human relationships, working environment, personnel evaluation, and welfare did not differ significantly among the schools. As for the Job importance, the scores of nutrition counseling were significantly lower in middle school than in elementary and high schools (P<0.05). In cooking and distribution management, high schools were less important than other school levels (P<0.05). These findings highlight the need for the placement of nutrition teachers in kindergarten to promote nutrition education, the reduction of workload for school dietitians/nutrition teachers and additional placement of dietitians by the appropriate workload such as the number of people and meals to serve.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.127-136
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• 2003

A point of doing this research is to give basic data for Junior college having matriculation resources in department of electricity majoring to the graduate students from technical high school in department of electricity. We have examined the effect of the 6th and the 7th educational curriculum and courses in department of electricity on technical high school and analyzed basic subjects of technical high school and detailed major basis subject of junior college in department of electricity by educational courses and mathematics education contents. Also we have examined tried to secure advantage of major studying on the basis of result of analysis.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2000

The ectomycorrhizal roots were collected from the soils around the bases of basidiocarps of the four edible mushrooms in the stands of Pinus densiflora or Querus acutissima communities (Mt. Wol-Ak in Eastern Chung-Puk): The basidiocarps of Tricholoma matsutake (TM), Sarcodon asparatus (SA), S. imbricatum (SI), and Polyozellus multiplex (PM) are usually collected. The ectomycorrhizal roots of TM, PM and SI were related to the roots of P. densiflora, but the other to the roots of Q. acutissima in Korea. Particularly, the basidiocarps of PM were collected in the mixed stand of both P. densiflora and Q. acutissima. The morphologies of the ectomycorrhizal roots were observed to be the yellowish brown coral (dichromatous) or pyramid types in the roots of the pine, but dark brown un-branched sticks (roots) in the ends of ectomycorrhizal roots of Querus plants. The un-branched roots were covered with the dark mycelia (rhizomorph) around them. Therefore, the ectomyorrhizal roots of PM were observed to have two kinds of types; The single blackish un-branched roots were observed to be attached to the yellowish coral type roots. The bundles of TM mycelia were filled with cortical cells (in the roots of P. densiflora), but the mycelia of the other fungi (Aphylloporales) were massed between the cortical cells of P. densiflora or Q. acutissima. Their anatomical and gross features were considered to be simailar but very important in the ectomycorrhizal roots for these edible mushrooms.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of leg extension exercises performed on outdoor resistance exercise machines on knee extension muscle strength and quadriceps muscle group cross sectional area (CSA) in elderly women. Two groups were recruited for this study, including an exercise group (EG: n=13, $71.38{\pm}2.79$ yrs) and a control group (CG: n=5, $73.4{\pm}5.94$), In all subjects, maximum isometric and isokinetic muscle strength of knee flexion and extension were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex(R) Humac Norm Testing & Rehabilitation System, USA). Quadriceps muscle group CSA were measured using MRI (Philps, Intera 1.5 T, NE Netherlands). The results of this study showed that post-intervention isometric knee extension peak torque value were higher than pre-intervention measures in the EG. However, the EG did not show improvement in quadriceps muscle group CSA, Also, no differences in the shift of optimal knee joint angle were observed between pre and post-intervention exercise. Outdoor leg extension exercise showed small increases in muscle strength in comparison to other resistance training exercises. The results of this study suggest that because outdoor leg extension exercise machines lack a progressive loading mechanism, significant increases in muscle strength may not be obtained.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.221-233
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• 2009

Korea's aging population has been remarkably increased. They want to have not only extension of life expectancy but also improving quality of life. To maintain the quality of life, it is essential to have good nutrition. However, nutritional status of elderly in Korea has problems qualitatively and quantitatively. Risk factors for poor nutrition are advanced age, woman, living alone and low economic status. Another risk factor in rural area is season because seasonal changes can affect food intake of elderly. Thus this study surveyed the health status and dietary intakes of elderly by season in rural area. In this study, the elderly were grouped as group 1 {elderly who have one risk factor for chronic diseases (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes)} and group 2 (elderly who have more than 2 risk factors). Can-Pro 3.0 was used for dietary data analysis and SPSS 12.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Obesity had the highest percentage 62%, followed by hypertension 59.5%, dyslipidemia 21.5% and diabetes 11.6%. Obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were high in winter and WHR, diabetes and anemia were high in summer. Mean intakes of energy and nutrients were less than RI. Nutrients which were changed most by season were vitamin A and Vitamin C. Intakes of calcium and folic acid were less than recommended in summer. The ratio of CPF for carbohydrate was higher and fat was lower than recommended. In conclusion, the nutrient intake of Group 2 was better in quality but Group 1 was better in quantity. Nutrient intakes were poor in summer. In rural area, more careful nutritional assesment and management are needed for aged population, especially in summer.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.4 s.79
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• pp.274-279
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• 1996

An isolate of Lepista nuda was cultivated on the solid media consisted of various cereal grains or those of the acacia sawdust mixed with other cereal grains. The mycelia grew well on the solid cultures made from millet cereals, but did not on those from sorghum or corn cereals. Thus, the millet and the acacia sawdust, as the solid media, were employed for the next experiments related to mycelial growths. For growth of this isolate, it was shown that the nitrogen source is needed for those of millet. Also, the rice bran or minerals were considered to be needed for the acacia sawdust. As minerals, however, the rice bran is shown as the best additive in the solid cultures of the acacia sawdust. The mycelia of L. nuda were cultivated directly through the solid cultures. Their growths were measured' by the production of carbon dioxide with gas chromatography.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.545-566
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to show that research community activities can contribute to the professional development in respect of average concepts and mathematical creativity. In the community, activities were undertaken to transform the existing task into the task that contributes to the manifestation of creativity. In this process, researchers tried to connect the theory with the practice of the class, and the teacher acted as an active learner. The findings show that the teacher who had difficulty in teaching average could overcome difficulties, and also derived the way of task modification and strategies necessary for teaching average. The modified task induced improvements in students' achievement levels, which led to change in teachers' perspective on the relationship between mathematical creativity and learning. Research community activities have been shown to have contributed to improvements with regard to both teaching the average and promoting mathematical creativity.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.443-465
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• 2023

This study examines the content of vectors and matrices in Artificial Intelligence Mathematics textbooks (AIMTs) from the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum. We analyzed the implementation of foundational mathematical concepts, specifically definitions and related sub-concepts of vectors and matrices, in these textbooks, given their importance for understanding AI. The findings reveal significant variations in the presentation of vector-related concepts, definitions, sub-concepts, and levels of contextual information and descriptions such as vector size, distance between vectors, and mathematical interpretation. While there are few discrepancies in the presentation of fundamental matrix concepts, differences emerge in the subtypes of matrices used and the matrix operations applied in image data processing across textbooks. There is also variation in how textbooks emphasize the interconnectedness of mathematics for explaining vector-related concepts versus the textbooks place more emphasis on AI-related knowledge than on mathematical concepts and principles. The implications for future curriculum development and textbook design are discussed, providing insights into improving AI mathematics education.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.2985-2988
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• 2010

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 2004

This study was the research of health promoting behavior of the 6th grade students of elementary school and general characteristics, health related characteristics and health promoting behavior following the health education were analysed. The performance of health promoting behavior related to the prevention of infectious diseases showed the highest score above all. The school, which received health education by the scheduled education course, home correspondence, and health broadcasting education, showed higher health promoting behavior performance after the health education. On the basis of the results of this study, health promotion program development is required to accomplish health promoting behavior among the elementary school students.