• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2023

한국판 뉴딜에서 제시된 그린리모델링은 공공건축물을 대상으로 신재생에너지 설비와 고성능 단열재 등을 사용하여 친환경, 에너지 고효율 건축물을 신축하거나 리모델링 하도록 하는 사업이며, 정부는 그린리모델링을 실시함으로써 탄소배출감축량 목표를 달성하고자 한다. 그린리모델링을 실시하는 해외의 주요 도시들은 건물 특성에 따른 에너지성능 평가, 민간 활성화를 위한 보조금, 세제혜택과 더불어 기술지원 및 홍보를 적극 추진하고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 그린리모델링 사업에 대한 현황과 문제점을 분석하고, 설문조사 결과를 토대로 그린리모델링 활성화 방안을 도출하였다. 또한 시민참여, 홍보, 행정 우선순위 선정 전략 등 전략적 방안, 그리고 민간영역 확대를 위한 공공부문의 선도적 역할, 사회적 약자를 위한 지원의 확대, 금융 및 조세 지원제도 확대 등 정책적 방안을 제안하였고, 본 연구의 결과는 그린리모델링 사업 활성화에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.356-365
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to survey the current status of bread menus at school, business and industry (B & I), and military foodservice operations and to analyze dietitians' perceptions of applying rice bread in foodservice menus. A questionnaire, which was developed by content analysis, situation analysis, and in-depth interview, was distributed to 183 schools, 31 B & I operations, and 26 air force dietitians. In the school and B & I foodservices, wheat bread was used much more than rice bread and serving frequencies of morning rolls and sliced bread were higher. The military foodservices, however, served much more rice bread as burger buns than the other groups. For the school and B&I operations, consumer preference for wheat bread was perceived as high. In contrast, soldiers preferred rice bread to wheat bread in the military foodservices. The recognized advantages of using rice bread were different among the three groups. The military dietitians perceived the main advantage of using rice bread as an increase of rice consumption, while the school and B & I dietitians viewed it as promoting a healthy image. In all groups, the primary difficulties for using rice bread were the higher cost of rice bread as compared to wheat bread and a lack of facilities (e.g. oven). The military dietitians had the highest levels of positive and active interest as well as intention and opinions toward using rice bread. On the other hand, the school and B & I dietitians had very positive perceptions of rice bread but did not actually apply it in their foodservice menus. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the development of diverse menus using rice bread along with government support of its use, including facilities with ovens as well as rice bread subsidies, should be carried out for on-going expansion of the rice bread supply.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

India is largest producer of banana in the world producing 29.72 million tonnes from an area of 0.803 million ha with a productivity of 35.7 MT ha-1 and accounted for 15.48 and 27.01 per cent of the world's area and production respectively (www.nhb.gov.in). In India, Tamil Nadu leads other states both in terms of area and production followed by Maharashtra, Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh. In Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, Kurnool district had special reputation in the cultivation of banana in an area of 5765 hectares with an annual production of 2.01 lakh tonnes in the year 2012-13 and hence, it was purposively chosen for the study. On $23^{rd}$ November 2003, the Government of Andhra Pradesh has commenced a comprehensive project called 'Andhra Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project (APMIP)', first of its kind in the world so as to promote water use efficiency. APMIP is offering 100 per cent of subsidy in case of SC, ST and 90 per cent in case of other categories of farmers up to 5.0 acres of land. In case of acreage between 5-10 acres, 70 per cent subsidy and acreage above 10, 50 per cent of subsidy is given to the farmer beneficiaries. The sampling frame consists of Kurnool district, two mandals, four villages and 180 sample farmers comprising of 60 farmers each from Marginal (<1ha), Small (1-2ha) and Other (>2ha) categories. A well structured pre-tested schedule was employed to collect the requisite information pertaining to the performance of drip irrigation among the sample farmers and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was employed to analyze the performance of drip irrigation in banana farms. The performance of drip irrigation was assessed based on the parameters like: Land Development Works (LDW), Fertigation costs (FC), Volume of water supplied (VWS), Annual maintenance costs of drip irrigation (AMC), Economic Status of the farmer (ES), Crop Productivity (CP) etc. The first four parameters are considered as inputs and last two as outputs for DEA modelling purposes. The findings revealed that, the number of farms operating at CRS are more in number in other farms (46.66%) followed by marginal (45%) and small farms (28.33%). Similarly, regarding the number of farmers operating at VRS, the other farms are again more in number with 61.66 per cent followed by marginal (53.33%) and small farms (35%). With reference to scale efficiency, marginal farms dominate the scenario with 57 per cent followed by others (55%) and small farms (50%). At pooled level, 26.11 per cent of the farms are being operated at CRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.6138 i.e., 47 out of 180 farms. Nearly 40 per cent of the farmers at pooled level are being operated at VRS with an average technical efficiency score of 0.7241. As regards to scale efficiency, nearly 52 per cent of the farmers (94 out of 180 farmers) at pooled level, either performed at the optimum scale or were close to the optimum scale (farms having scale efficiency values equal to or more than 0.90). Majority of the farms (39.44%) are operating at IRS and only 29 per cent of the farmers are operating at DRS. This signifies that, more resources should be provided to these farms operating at IRS and the same should be decreased towards the farms operating at DRS. Nearly 32 per cent of the farms are operating at CRS indicating efficient utilization of resources. Log linear regression model was used to analyze the major determinants of input use efficiency in banana farms. The input variables considered under DEA model were again considered as influential factors for the CRS obtained for the three categories of farmers. Volume of water supplied ($X_1$) and fertigation cost ($X_2$) are the major determinants of banana farms across all the farmer categories and even at pooled level. In view of their positive influence on the CRS, it is essential to strengthen modern irrigation infrastructure like drip irrigation and offer more fertilizer subsidies to the farmer to enhance the crop production on cost-effective basis in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India. This study further suggests that, the present era of Information Technology will help the irrigation management in the context of generating new techniques, extension, adoption and information. It will also guide the farmers in irrigation scheduling and quantifying the irrigation water requirements in accordance with the water availability in a particular season. So, it is high time for the Government of India to pay adequate attention towards the applications of 'Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its applications in irrigation water management' for facilitating the deployment of Decision Supports Systems (DSSs) at various levels of planning and management of water resources in the country.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.127-144
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• 2021

본 연구 목적은 1990년 이후 2019년까지의 철도서비스 공급자인 철도청과 한국철도공사의 '철도통계 연보' 자료에 근거하여 서비스 요인을 도출하고, 그 서비스 요인이 철도수송 서비스 공급자의 대표적 경영성과 변수인 영업이익률에 미친 영향을 분석하고자 함에 있다. 특히, 한국철도공사 출범 이후인 2004년을 기점으로 전기(1990년~2003년)와 후기(2004년~2019년)로 연구 시기를 구분하여, 최근 10여년 간의 한국철도공사의 경영혁신이 공사로의 설립 목적에 부합하는 변화를 보였는지를 평가하는 실증적 연구라는 차원에서 학술적 의미가 있다. 본 연구 내용은 철도여객수송 서비스 품질에 관한 선행연구를 조사하고 한국철도공사의 경영성과 평과와 관련된 정부 발표자료 내용을 분석하였다. 실증분석 모델로서 분석기간 29년 동안의 철도여객수송 서비스 공급자의 운영·경영 활동 정보를 기초로 영업이익률을 종속변수로, 그리고 기반성, 경제성, 안전성, 연계성, 사업다양성의 서비스 요인변수를 설명변수로 이용하여 연구모형을 구축하였다. 연구 분석 결과에서 영업이익률은 기반성 요인이 구조적 개혁 또는 효율성 개선으로 향상된다는 점이다. 그리고 경제성 요인은 원가를 절감함으로써 영업이익률이 향상된다는 사실이다. 안전성 요인은 회귀계수의 유의한 설명력을 밝히지는 못하였지만, 그 영향력 부호는 예측과 같았다. 연결성 요인은 KTX 서비스 개시 전후, 변수가 미치는 영향력 차이가 드러났는데, 영업이익률에 미치는 영향력 방향이 전기에는 부에서 후기에는 정으로 변하였다. 이는 후기에 연결성 효과가 실제로 발휘될 수 있는 환경이었다고 해석된다. 수입다양성 요인은 종속기업투자지분과 정부보조금의 효과가 경영성과에 나타나지 않았다는 점도 확인된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.164-179
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• 1991

Korean agriculture has encountered two problems. One is internal income disparity between rural and urbarn area and the other is external Uruguay Round trade problems as an abolition of direct and indirect import barriers, reduction in export subsidies and to reduce internal price supports. These problems will be brought severe farm problems such as decreasing farm household income and repressing agricultural growth in the near future. Considering the above inevitable facts Korean government has implemented several development projects such as rural industrial area development project, rural special production area development project, leisuresight seeing farm development project, traditional food development project, unskilled labor training project for off-farm employment and so on, to increase farm household income through off-farm income increase. This study was mainly concentrated on the identification of operational problems and post evaluation of the rural special production area development projects which aimed at increasing non-farm incomes and giving employment opportunity for rural farmers in small factories processing regional special farm products and mine products. The main findings and problems to be solved for the successful project implementation are as followed ; 1. Total number of the special production area development projects as of the end of 1991 was amount to 138, and total number of farm household participated were estimated at 2,079, and total amount of off-farm income per farm household was reached to 3,011 thousand won. 2. The total number of processed special products have increased from 21 items in 1981 to 56 items in 1991. On the other hand the total number of farm household participated in the projects have decreased from 2,518 to 2,079 during same period. 3. Total amount of investment for the projects has increased from 1,429 million won in 1981 to 24,760 million won in 1991 but the rate of G'T loan of the total investment has reduced from 24.5% to 5.2% during same period. 4. 138 special production area development project are classified into 6 kinds of commodity groups such as 19 of general industrial good production areas, 52 of folks-industrial art objects production areas, 39 of food processing areas, 9 of fiber and texstile processing areas, 18 of agricultural and fishery inputs processing areas and 1 of stone processing area. 5. The total production value in 1990 was estimated 20,169 million won of which export was amount to 2,627 million won. 6. The finacial rate of return of the UNGOK KUGIJA Tea processing Project operated by UNGOK coops and BAKSAN ginseng tea processing project were estimated at 45.4% (B/C Ratio=1.17, NPV=152.5 million won) and 17.7% (B/C Ratio=1.12, NPV=120.2 million won) respectively. 7. More favorite terms and condition of the loan including collateral problems have to be given to farmers participated. Heavy investment and G'T subsidy policies should be started for the successful project implementation anf farm household income increase. 8. To expand market demand of the rural special goods G'T have to provide special program of TV or other mass media for commodity propaganda and the total cost concerned must be supported by G'T subsidy. 9. The special farm products as GUGUJA,MOSI'Ramie', Ginseng. SOGOKJU,HEMP,Mushroom.DUGYUNJU and Chesnut processing projects have to be propelled and expanded for off-farm income increase in Chung Nam Province. 10. Direct operational pattern of the special production area by coops is more favorable to farmers and recommendable considering with off-farm income increase and market demand creation throughout Korea. 11. In rural area, special organizations for project appraisal are not exist. Accordingly special training program, project appraisal, formulation and preparation for civil servants concerned have to be prepared for project selection and sound implementation under limited budget and financial support.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.87-111
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• 2013

터키의 동부 지역과 서부 지역 간의 경제 문화적 지역격차는 국가균형개발을 위해 터키정부가 해결해야 할 주요 과제 중 하나이다. 남동 아나톨리아 개발계획은 티그리스강과 유프라테스강의 수자원을 이용하기 위한 수력개발에서 시작하여, 1980년대 지역균형개발과 사회통합을 목표로 하는 종합적인 지역개발계획으로 발전하였다. 본 연구는 반건조 기후 지역으로 관개용수의 공급 없이는 상품작물의 재배가 불가능한 터키의 남동부 지역이 개발계획에 의해 주요 목화생산지로 변화한 것에 주목하여, 이를 가능하게 한 남동 아나톨리아 개발계획의 배경, 과정, 내용과 그에 따른 목화 생산성의 변화 등을 살펴보았다. 또한, 남동 아나톨리아 개발계획의 중심축으로써, 정부의 집중적인 투자가 이루어지고 있는 샹르울파주를 대상으로, 목화농업의 성장배경과 전개과정을 살펴보았다. 샹르울파주는 터키 전체 목화생산량의 37.6%를 생산한다. 이는 하란평원을 중심으로 시행된 정부의 경지정리 사업, 관개용수로 사업, 도로와 농로 등 농업을 위한 기반시설 확충이 큰 역할을 담당하였다. 또한, 목화재배에 따른 보조금 지급도 목화재배가 활성화된 주요 요인 중 하나이다. 관개용수의 공급은 이 지역 인구이동에 커다란 변화를 가져왔다. 관개 이전, 계절적 노동을 위해 다른 지역으로 이주했던 심각한 인구유출 현상은 관개 이후, 관개 지역을 중심으로 한 지역 내 이동과 다른 지역으로부터의 인구 유입 형태로 그 내용이 변화하였다. 관개용수는 국가수자원 총국(DS$\dot{I}$)으로부터 관개용수 관리 운영권을 이양받은 관개용수 조합(Sulama Birli$\breve{g}$i)이 각 농가에 공급한다. 그러나 관개용수 조합은 부족집단(Aşiret)을 기본으로 하는 전통적 봉건사회 구조하에 있으며, 이로 인해 농민을 위한 효율적 경영이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 또한, 이는 농민 자치조직의 형성에도 걸림돌로 작용하고 있다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.50-66
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• 1975

화전경작(火田耕作)은 산림(山林)을 황폐화(荒廢化)하고 국토(國土)를 침식(浸蝕)하여 한수해(旱水害)를 유발(誘發)시키며 국가발전(國家發展)과 국민경제향상(國民經濟向上)에 일대저해요인(一大沮害要因)의 작용(作用)을 하고 있음으로 이를 근절(根絶)시킴은 국가적사명(國家的使命)으로 되어 있다. 강원도(江原道)는 전도면적(全道面積)의 8할(割)이 산림(山林)으로 점(占)하고 있어 화전면적(火田面積)이 타지(他道)에 비(比)하여 가장 많이 분포(分布)되고 있다. 이로 인(因)한 산림피해(山林被害)는 막심(莫甚)하며 도민(道民)의 경제발전(經濟發展)이 지연(遲延)되고 있어 65년(年)부터 7개년계획(個年計劃)으로 화전정리사업(火田整理事業)에 착수(着手)하였으나 68년(年) 삼척(三陟), 울진공비침투사건(蔚珍共匪浸透事件)으로 산악지대(山岳地帶)의 독가촌정리사업(獨家村整理事業)이 국가안보상(國家安保上) 시급(時急)을 요(要)하게 되어 본사업(本事業)은 부득이(不得已) 중단(中斷)되었다. 그 후(後) 새로운 화전(火田)을 모경(冒耕)하는 자(者)가 속출(續出)하여 산림파괴(山林破壞)가 심(甚)함으로 73년(年)을 준비년도(準備年度)로 하고 74~76년(年)의 3개년계획(個年計劃)으로 화전정리사업(火田整理事業)을 완결(完結)할 목표하(目標下)에 도행정력(道行政力)을 총동원(總動員)하여 강력(强力)하게 추진(推進)하고 있다. 본사업(本事業)의 성패(成敗)는 화전정리(火田整理)로 생계위협(生計危脅)에 직면(直面)하는 화전민(火田民)에 대(對)한 자립기반조성여부(自立基盤造成與否)에 달려있으며 다음과 같은 문제점(問題點)이 해결(解決) 되어야 한다. 1) 이주화전민(移住火田民)에 대(對)한 취업정착(就業定着)이 성취(成就)되어야 한다. 2) 현지정착화전민(現地定着火田民)에 대(對)한 자립기반조성(自立基盤造成)에 필요(必要)한 최소한도(最小限度)의 지원(支援)이 보장(保障)되어야 한다. 3) 공공기관(公共機關) 및 기업체(企業體)는 화전민(火田民)에 대(對)한 취업취로(就業就勞)를 우선적(優先的)으로 수용(受容)하여야 한다. 4) 화전민(火田民)은 취업취로(就業就勞)로 생활기반(生活基盤)이 확립(確立)되어야 한다. 5) 화전민자신(火田民自身)이 자조(自助) 자립정신(自立精神)이 확립(確立)되어야 한다. 6) 새마을 사업(事業)과 연결(連結)된 자조근로사업(自助勤勞事業)을 확장(擴張)시켜 취로(就勞)의 기회(機會)를 주어야 한다. 7) 도민(道民)은 화전민(火田民)에 대(對)한 물심양면(物心兩面)의 지원(支援)으로 동포애(同胞愛)를 발휘(發揮)하여야 한다. 8) 화전지조림(火田地造林)은 적지적수(適地適樹)가 이행(履行)되어야 한다. 9) 산주(山主)가 원(願)는 수종(樹種)의 묘목(苗木)을 확보공합(確保供給)하여야 한다. 10) 산림계(山林契)의 조직기능(組織機能)을 강화(强化)하여 화전조림지(火田造林地)의 관리(管理)에 철저(徹底)를 기(期)하여야 한다.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

Purpose. For a more efficient hospital management, this study aims to provide basic data so that the hospital management and staff in charge of hospital administration may systematically classify and collect hospital information, by analyzing the ordinary characters of an upper-level general hospital system and its common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio. Methods. By using information about an upper-level general hospital in C Province, provided by Alio(www.alio.go.kr), a public organization information provision site, Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service(www.hira.or.kr) and Ministry of Health and Welfare(www.mw.go.kr), this study analyzed 3 year's data from 2010 to 2012 and provided basic data by analyzing the ordinary characters of an upper-level general hospital system, and its common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio. Results. After analyzing the ordinary characters, common-type balance sheet, common-type proft and loss statement and financial ration of this general hospital, based on the 2010 to 2012 data, this study came to the following conclusions. Firstly, out of all the 1,069 hospital staff, there were 272 doctors working for 24 medical departments, out of whom the majority was 33 physicians. Most of the nurses were third-class ones, and about 2,000 outpatients and 600 inpatients on average were treated per day. Secondly, as a result of analyzing the common-type balance sheet, this study discovered that intangible assets out of fixed assets accounted for 41%, the majority, out of which usable and profitable donation asset buildings were of great importance, and the liquid assets increased more in 2012 than 2011. In the financial structure, the ratio of liquid liabilities was over 50% out of all the liabilities in 2012, and the ratio of purchase payables was high as well. The ratio of fixed liabilities reached up to 40%, out of which the retirement benefit appropriation fund was quite high. The capital was over 80%, but the surplus was in a deficit state. Compared to the capital, the ratio of total liabilities was about 90%, which indicates the financial structure of this general hospital was vulnerable. Thirdly, as a result of analyzing the common-type profit and loss statement, this study found out that the medical profits from inpatients were higher than profits from outpatients. The material cost was related to the medical quality of this general hospital, and it was as high as 30% out of the total costs and was about 45% of the labor cost. This general hospital showed 10% in the ratio of non-medical profits, and it seemed because of government subsidies. The ratios of medical profits and current net income were gradually changing for the better in 2012, compared to 2011. Lastly, as a result of analyzing the financial ratio, it was found that the liquidity ratio kept decreasing, from 110.7% in 2010 and 102.0% in 2011 to 77.2% in 2012. Besides, it was analyzed that the liquidity ratio and the net working capital ratio greatly decreased, while the quick ratio and the liquid ratio kept decreasing. Conclusions. 1. It is necessary to take the risk management into more consideration, and particularly, it is needed to differentiate and manage the levels of risk in detail. 2. By considering the fact that investments into hospital infrastructures were mostly based on liabilities, it is needed to deal with the scale of losses when evaluating risks. 3. By reflecting the character that investments into hospital infrastructures were based on liabilities, it is necessary to consider the ratio of ordinary profits as well as the ratio of operating profits to sales, and it is also important to consider sales productivity factors, such as the sales amount per a sickbed, by comparing them with other hospitals. As for limitations of this study, there may be some problems in terms of data interpretation because of the lack of information about the number of inpatients and the number of outpatients per year, which are needed for the break-even point analysis. Besides, to suggest a direction for the improvement of hospital management through analyses, non-financial factors should be reflected, such as the trend of economy, medical policies, and politic backgrounds. However, this study only focused on the common-type balance sheet, common-type profit and loss statement and financial ratio, so this study is actually limited to generalizing all the factors by analyzing public data only.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.177-206
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• 2013

우리나라는 2004년부터 정부의 재정지원 일자리사업의 하나로, 노인일자리사업을 시행하고 있다. 그러나 시행된 지 10여년이 되었고, 내년부터 본격적인 확대를 앞두고 있지만, 정책대안과 방향설정에 대한 논의가 부족하다. 이에 본 연구는 문헌연구를 중심으로 OECD 국가의 적극적 노동시장정책, 특히 직접 일자리창출 정책을 살펴보았다. 그 후 OECD 국가의 고령자 고용지원정책을 검토한 후, OECD 국가 가운데 저소득 고령자를 대상으로 고용지원정책을 실시하는 국가를 유형화한 후 이를 토대로 노인일자리사업의 발전방안을 도출하였다. 연구결과 첫째, OECD 국가의 고령자 고용정책은 연금정책을 제외하면, 노동수요 장벽제거 전략(임금보조, 사회보험료 감면 등)의 비중이 높고, 고령근로자의 고용가능성 강화전략은 상대적으로 크게 다뤄지지 않는다. 그나마도 직접 일자리창출정책은 매우 주변적인 정책으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정책목표와 사회경제적 지표를 기준으로 저소득 고령근로자를 위한 고용지원정책을 유형화하면, 저소득 노인지원형, 조기퇴직 완화형, 완전고용 지원형으로 나눌 수 있다. 우리나라는 저소득 노인지원형 가운데 직접 일자리 창출형에 속한다. 노인빈곤율이 높고, 소득보장제도가 발달하지 않아서 직접일자리사업을 수행하는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 노인일자리사업은 직접 일자리창출사업으로서의 속성을 갖추지 못했다. 사회참여와 소득보충이라는 2가지 정책목표를 추진하고 있지만 이에 적합한 체제를 구축하지 못했다. 따라서 정책목표를 더 명확히 하여, 목표달성에 적합한 사업체계를 구축해야 한다. 노인일자리사업이 일자리로서 위상을 견고히 하고자 한다면 노동시장정책 차원에서 수정해야 하고, 현재 2가지 목표를 모두 유지하고자 한다면, 소득보충과 사회참여를 위해 사업을 이원화하는 것도 고려할 필요가 있다. 혹은 미국의 SCSEP처럼 훈련을 통해 보조금을 받지 않는 일자리로 이행하도록 지원하는 고용서비스 훈련체제로 바꾸는 것도 대안이 될 것이다.