• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2014

Purpose - The Korean government has revised the distribution industry development law to regulate large-scale retailer operations to protecting medium- and small-scale retailers and traditional markets. According to the revised law, large-scale retailers must follow regulations on operating hours and compulsory store closures two days per month. Based on the revised distribution industry development law, most local governments regulate operation hours and they have adopted compulsory closure programs for large-scale retail stores. However, it is argued that fresh food producers suffer from a decrease in sales based on the compulsory closure of stores operated by large-scale retailers. Large-scale retailers reduce their fresh food orders from agricultural and fishery producers because of the compulsory store closures. Fresh food producers also suffer from a decrease in prices because reduced orders lead to a decrease in auction prices based on the availability of excess goods in wholesale markets. This paper investigates the effects of operation regulations for large-scale retailers on agricultural producers by surveying agricultural and fishery producer organizations. Research design, data, methodology - A survey was conducted on 117 producer organizations of fruits and vegetables, cereals, fisheries, and livestock products from September 10 to October 4, 2012. Survey items are annual sales, shares of sales accounted for by large-scale retailers, reduction of orders and prices from large-scale retailers, methods to deal with the sales reduction, unfair trade practices of large-scale retailers, opinion of the large-scale retailer regulations, and so on. The average sales of the sampled producer organizations are 13.7 billion won and the average share of sales accounted for by large-scale retailers is 35.4%. Results - Survey results show that the sample producer organizations' sales decreased 10.1% because of the compulsory closures of stores operated by large-scale retailers. It is estimated that the total sales of producer organizations decreased 371.2 billion won because of the regulations on the operation of large-scale retailers. In addition to the direct effect of a sales decrease due to order reduction, agricultural and fishery producer organizations suffered from the secondary effect of price reduction in wholesale markets. When orders from large-scale retailers decreased, most agricultural and fishery producer organizations shipped redundant products to wholesale markets, decreasing auction prices. It was estimated that the price received decreased 21.9% when sold in other marketing channels. As producer organization sales decreased, it was reported that the labor force employed by producer organizations also decreased by 15.1%. Therefore, we can conclude that the regulations for large-scale retailer operations resulted in negative impacts on agricultural producers. Conclusions - Although the sales reduction due to the regulations for large-scale retailer operations are not great, the cumulative effects due to the continued compulsory closure of stores operated by large-scale retailers could be great. This paper suggests governmental programs that could help agricultural producer organizations to find new and effective marketing channels such as direct marketing, farmers' markets, exports, Internet shopping, and so on.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.149-164
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• 2014

The laws and policies governing Korea's game regulations are becoming more and more topics for debate as we enter the Age of Internet. The nature of the basis for Internet regulations and policies are not rooted in freedom of speech or fundamental values of democracy, but rather focused on solving real-world problems such as protection of the youth. Furthermore, the reality is that regulatory devices for keeping the social order such as regulating gambling are being applied directly to games without consideration on the characteristics of Internet gaming, raising concerns that the expansion of constitutional values and innovative empowerment inherent to the Internet are being weakened. The Geun-Hye Park Administration which succeeded Myung-Bak Lee's Administration, even went so far as to implement the so-called "Shutdown Policy", which prohibits access to Internet games during pre-defined time zones and also instigated a time zone selection rule. In order to curb the gambling nature of Internet games, government-led policies such as the mandatory personal identification and prohibition of player selection or in other words mandatory random player selection are being implemented. These institutions can inhibit freedom of speech, which is the basis of democracy, violate the right of equality through unreasonable discrimination between domestic and foreign service providers, and infringe upon the principles of administrative law, such as laws, due process in policies, and balance in among policies and governmental bodies. Going forward, if Korea's Internet game regulations and polices is to develop in a rational manner, regulatory frameworks will need to be designed to protect the nature of the Internet and its innovative values that enable the realization of constitutional values; for example, the Internet acting as the "catalytic media for freedom of expression as a fundamental human right ", which has already been acknowledged by the Korea's Constitutional Court. At the same time, transparent procedures should be put into place that will allow diverse participation of stakeholders including game service providers, game users, the youth and parents in the legislation and enforcement process of regulatory institutions; policies will also need to be transformed to enable not only regulatory laws but also self-regulation system to be established. And in this process, scientific and empirical analysis on the expected effects before introducing regulations and the results of enforcing regulations after being introduced will need to be strengthened.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제26호
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• pp.7-28
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• 2011

국회는 가급 국가중요시설로 내 외적인 위협으로부터 안전하게 보호되어야 하는데, 국회의 보안강화를 위해 법적 제도적 개선방안이 필요하다. 본 연구는 국회 경호업무 강화와 경호업무의 법치주의 실현을 위한 국회 경호관계법 개선방안을 다음과 같이 제안하고자 한다. 첫째, 경호업무의 범위를 회의장의 질서유지, 국회건물의 시설경비, 중요인사의 신변보호 등의 안전활동을 포함하고 경위의 경호활동 권한을 부여할 수 있도록 규정하는 것이 필요하다. 둘째, 현재의 경호조직을 '경호국' 하부 조직으로 하고 하부조직을 신변보호과, 시설경비과, 질서유지과, 종합상황담당관으로, 1국 1담당관 3과로 조직체계를 개선하여 경호지휘체계 단일화를 취하고, '경호업무'에 대한 용어정의를 명확하게 하는 것이 필요하다. 셋째, 방청인 신체검사 기능 및 국회 안에서의 현행범 체포에 대한 현실적인 상황을 고려하여 불필요한 조항은 삭제하고, '회의장의 질서를 문란하게 하는 행위를 하거나 하려고 하는 때', '경위로 하여금' 퇴장시킬 수 있게 개정하는 것이 필요하다. 넷째, 경위의 경호활동에 대한 실효성을 강화하기 위하여 국가기관 등에 대한 협조요청, 경위의 사법경찰권, 무기 휴대 및 사용, 제복 및 장비 등에 대한 규정이 필요한데, 경호처, 경찰, 청원경찰, 특수경비원 등의 활동권과의 비례성을 고려해 볼 수 있다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2003

This study aims at conducting an awareness survey of three parties, namely, citizens, government officials, and developers for improvement of urban landscape and, based on the survey result, to suggest a direction to develop a landscape plan for improvement of urban landscape of Yong-in city in the future. The summary of this study is as follows. First, in case of Yong-in, the main drivers of forest landscape destruction were "residential complexes developed for apartment buildings" and "golf courses", the driver of river landscape damage was "the status of cleanliness of riverside and poor facilities", the driver of roadside landscape damage was "construction sites" that completely eliminate original natural landscape in both citizen and government official groups. When granting development-related approvals in the future, appropriate actions should be prepared such as developing a landscape management guideline or including a landscape plan in advance to assure plans and designs fully reflecting landscape. Second, citizens' commitment to participate in urban landscape creation and improvement was rated high at even willing to tolerate regulations including restriction of property rights. In the future, landscape improvement programs allowing resident participation should be developed proactively. The roles of government officials include preparing various criteria at a city level and convincing and guiding citizens to initiate landscape improvement project together with citizens and developers through proactive efforts by government officials. Third, the role of developers would be to realize development projects conserving local environment and/or harmonizing with local natural environment before preparing a development plan or launching construction rather than offering various considerations after executing development projects.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.311-323
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• 2010

This study includes definitions and major issues relating to product safety, and reviews about product safety laws of Korea and of other countries. In addition, this study suggests several ideas for a future governmental policy concerning product safety and the government policies to guide in securing consumers' safety of products. First, we need to set up consumer safety policies and laws dealing with complex consumer safety issues and to integrate existing laws for the safety of products. Second, opening a consumer safety agency and training workers who have relation to the safety policy, as a profession, are necessary. Third, it is required to redefine the product safety guidelines, strengthen the safety policy and to minimize safety regulations by the government directly. Fourth, each product of the safety management policies must be regularly evaluated and given feedback for improving its effectiveness. Fifth, information gathering, disclosing, and having a feedback system related to product safety should be rebuilt for the effective management of unsafe products. In addition, laws and the aims of product safety management being changed to focus on the consumers, control on imported products, collaboration with network and mutual-assistance systems of product safety-related agencies including international organizations and major countries and taking leading roles in the world are essential.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

As the government announced Real Estate Policies on August 02, most areas except for Seoul cities face increasing business risks. Moreover, the government control over financial sectors' loan leads to the highly possible contraction of new distribution markets. The market trend could bring about the reduction of new demand in PF (Private Financing) business that large construction companies mainly concentrate on, and even the business already obtained has a high risk of being distributed, which could result in substantially low profitability. The currently unstable financial structure of most construction companies is caused by the hike of the prime cost of foreign plants except for that of a few construction companies. If PF (Private Financing) business also faces a difficult situation in such a financial condition, even large construction companies come to have the high possibility of a deficiency in credit rating. Accordingly, the major business that large construction companies concentrate on needs the sufficient business review. It is desirable to make a bid for business guaranteeing stability rather than business solely in consideration of profitability, when participating in a competition for a new construction contract.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

The necessity of convergence education is more emphasized based on the education policy for fostering creative men of talent. Inside universities, however, programs for training talented individuals are still at primary stage. Universities understanding the importance of convergence education and thus founding some major fields of convergence studies have experienced hosts of troubles. The paper discusses the necessary plans of supports from the government and the university to activate the convergence education in accord with the social demands. Twenty-eight professors in engineering colleges participated in the survey for reviewing the required factors for the convergence education. In addition, structured interviews were carried out with three specialists working in industry and academic area of convergence technology. The study could suggest the following activation plans based on the government supports: (1) establishing a support center of convergence education, (2) founding a major field of convergence, (3) developing curriculums and curriculum subjects, and (4) hosting related conferences and forums. Also, the study could suggest the following activation plans based on the university supports: (1) developing special programs on convergence education in accord with the industrial demands, (2) revising regulations and administrative systems more flexible for the convergence education, and (3) providing incentives to the participants in the convergence education.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제69권
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• pp.655-672
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• 2016

The main objective of this study is to examine the mediating effect of 'e-trust' on the relationship between the antecedents related to e-marketplace and the intention of using e-marketplace. Data was collected from a survey of 169 exporting firms in Gwangju, Korea. The results of the study are as follows ; First, 'e-trust' is produced a mediating effect when technology and government factors affect the intention of using e-marketplace. However, "e-trust" does not play a mediating role in the relationship between company factor and the intention of using e-marketplace. Second, technology factor, government factor and company factor have a positive impacts on the intention of using e-marketplace. Accordingly, in order to enhance the intention of using e-marketplace, small & medium exporting firms in Korea should try more to prepare for factors related to technology and company. In addition to these, government should give full support to be prepared for regulations and systems related to e-marketplace. If e-trust were properly built, the enhancement of using e-marketplace would be taken place more smoothly. So most of exporting firms can participate in e-marketplace more actively.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the costumes of the ruling class in the Asuka-Nara Period by looking at the change in the clothing law of the era. During the Asuka-Nara period, various cultures such as Buddhism, architecture, sculpture, paintings, music, and so on were introduced through vigorous exchange with Chosun and Tang. Contrary to the primitive-Kohun Period, the regulation about costumes was enacted as law in the Asuka-Nara Period this fact tells us that there was high interest in clothing. Frequent reorganization of clothing law had to do with the rank system of Japan as well as with the exchange with other countries. The clothing law of Asuka-Nara Period was mostly consisted of the regulations about costumes of the ruling class including the royal family and government officials. The law regulated different coronet and color for the clothing depending on the different rank of the government officials. The more classified the rank was, the more varied color was used. In addition, there was a variety in the costumes system; 2 piece clothing of the Kohun Period was continuously used while new types of clothing were also introduced. The royal family members and government officials wore different types of clothing such as Yebok, Jobok, and Jebok, depending on time, place, or the purpose of occasion. The costumes of this period could be inferred from the analysis of the relics.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2018

In 1994 Korea government began to develop the healthcare industry, since then the government has tried to create opportunities to promote the industry through various political efforts and policies. The biggest achievement was attracting foreign patients from 2009 to 2016 with a cumulative 1.56 million and total revenue of 3 trillion won. But Korea still loses the opportunity to become a global leader in the health care industry due to regulations and various ideological disputes. Accordingly, it is necessary to facilitate policy understanding and present a practical road map so that Korea's healthcare industry become a new growth engine that will lead the trend of global market in the future. It also suggests a national economic development paradigm, the health economy as health and economic value are rotated through a shift in view of health care. At this point, 20 years after the beginning of the healthcare industry development, it is necessary to evaluate the related policies and discuss effective future directions. In this sense, the purpose of this study is to examine the policies and limitations of the healthcare industry by each government division, and based on it, to propose political tasks for the future.